All the experiments rely on the same principle:
detecting WIMPs on the rare occasions when they collide with an atomic nucleus.
But nobody has ever
detected a WIMP or an axion.
No experiment has yet conclusively
detected WIMPs, but CDMS has set the most stringent limits of any experiment on the strength of WIMP interactions with ordinary matter.
Had CDMS
detected WIMPs and not extraneous background radiation, LUX researchers should have seen roughly 1600 events during the 85 days they took data, Gaitskell says.
Not exact matches
If the
WIMP hypothesis is correct, dark matter particles could be
detected through their scattering off atomic nuclei or electrons on Earth.
The surprising findings come as physicists wrestle with conflicting results from experiments designed to
detect dark matter directly on Earth (see «The ongoing
WIMP war»).
A particle called the neutralino, for instance, is a type of
WIMP that's a perfect candidate for dark matter in part because it doesn't interact with other particles much, and that would explain why nobody has yet
detected it.
But she's not concerned about the overall prospects for
detecting dark matter, even though two other dark matter experiments — LUX in South Dakota and PandaX - II in China — also reported no signs of
WIMPs this week.
But theory says that
WIMPs should also brush shoulders with normal atoms occasionally, producing signals we can
detect.
For axions to explain dark matter, they would need to occupy a relatively narrow range of masses and be far lighter than
WIMPs, potentially making them even harder to
detect.
While the results did not
detect dark matter particles — known as «weakly interacting massive particles» or «
WIMPs» — the combination of record low radioactivity levels with the size of the detector implies an excellent discovery potential in the years to come.
Physicists hope to
detect it in the form of weakly interacting massive particles (
WIMPs) when they collide with ordinary matter in underground detectors.
The LUX is designed to
detect those rare occasions when a
WIMP does interact with other forms of matter.
These extra dimensions can only be
detected by observing
WIMPS that have leaked into the four dimensions (three of space and one of time) that are familiar to us.
Although the hypothesized Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (
WIMP) is currently the leading candidate to explain the composition of dark matter, even the most powerful particle accelerators have so far failed to
detect them.
The putative mass of the
WIMP particles that CoGeNT possibly has
detected ranges from six to 10 billion electron volts, or approximately seven times the mass of a proton.
Therefore, most detectors have been built to
detect particles the size of
WIMPs, thought to weigh more than 100 times the mass of a proton.
They are known as
WIMPs (for weakly interacting massive particles), and if they exist, these particles have masses tens or hundreds of times greater than that of a proton but interact so weakly with ordinary matter that they're difficult to
detect.
Derenzo and his colleague wrote that despite overwhelming evidence for dark matter, recent large - scale experiments designed to
detect nuclear recoils from dark matter particles with masses of
WIMPs have not yet seen a definitive signal.