In 2015, the Los Angeles school board decided to roll back graduation requirements by allowing students to pass classes required for college entrance with a grade of a «D» instead of a «C.» And in Los Angeles and elsewhere, students who are not on track to graduate from high school can now take «credit recovery» classes — many of which are
devoid of any meaningful content.
While there are some talented artists working in this vein ---- Richard Aldrich and Joe Bradley, to name two ---- much of the stuff is so hopelessly bland and
devoid of meaningful content that it has garnered the moniker «zombie formalism.»