Sentences with phrase «diatoms for»

J. Craig Venter Institute - led team awarded $ 10.7 M by DOE to boost lipid production in diatoms for next - gen biofuels and bioproducts

A different group of bacteria, also relying on the phytoplankton for food and energy, appear to compete with the diatoms for the precious vitamin, and all three groups of microbes are competing for iron, which, due to the extreme remoteness of the Southern Ocean, is a scarce and consequently invaluable resource.

Not exact matches

This is the case of diatoms, algae consisting of a single cell surrounded by a silica skeleton, recommended by the European Union and Switzerland as one of the ideal bioindicators for rivers and lakes.

For the ocean's tiny grazing animals, the microscopic algae called diatoms are a favorite food — and like most delicacies, they are turning out to be hazardous.

Another possibility is that the toxins are simply a way for a diatom or dinoflagellate to store excess nutrients, such as carbon or nitrogen, rather than a stress response, says microbial ecologist William Cochlan of San Francisco State University.

At the University of Alaska Fairbanks, Matthew Wooller and colleagues will analyze the mud for the remains of diatoms, water fleas and other tiny life to learn about the water temperature and clarity over time.

For example, plates from the unusual Reticulofenestra sessilis (bottom) form a phytoplankton association with Thalassiosira, a diatom.

Few diatoms grew in Smetacek's bloom because he fertilized waters that had low levels of silicon, which is required for their shells.

«The analysis shows that diatoms make up the most important source of carbon for polar cod,» explains Kohlbach.

This could likely have implications for the zooplankton that usually graze on larger diatoms and in turn the fish that eat those zooplankton.

When they examined the water column for silica - the compound that makes up the hard supporting structure of diatoms — they didn't find much.

So many diatoms died, in fact, that they overwhelmed any natural systems for decay and fell in large numbers below 500 meters in depth.

For their study, the researchers from Jena and their colleagues from the University of Ghent, Belgium, observed and filmed Seminavis robusta diatoms under the microscope.

Scientific analysis of diatom oil has shown that it is very suitable for use as biofuel, says T. V. Ramachandra, a professor of ecological sciences at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) here who is working on this project with IISc researchers Durga Mahapatra and Karthick Balasubramanian, along with Richard Gordon, a radiology professor at the University of Manitoba in Winnepeg.

«It appears the diatoms aren't using all of the iron for photosynthesis,» he said.

Researchers have known for years that diatoms can remove iron from oceans and carbon from the atmosphere, but little is known about how iron is cycled and removed from the Antarctic region.

Unlike most regions of the global ocean which do not contain sufficient nitrogen or phosphorus for sustained phytoplankton growth, diatoms in the remote waters of McMurdo Sound were starving from lack of iron and deficiency of vitamin B12.

«Generally, a polar bear eats things that start feeding on a diatom, and is probably not fed by something that feeds on Prochlorococcus, for example,» Dutkiewicz says.

Might be some proxy for total primary productivity, or biomass, or respiration, or photosynthesis, or chemistry of diatom shells or lack thereof in each slice of the sediment core.

Diatoms of the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica: Implications for sediment and biotic reworking.

Diatoms in South Pole ice: Implications for eolian contamination of Sirius Group deposits.

A new mechanism for emplacement and concentration of diatoms in subglacial deposits.

(Though, since that first episode covered primarily the oxygen cycle, diatoms and algae blooms were just mentioned as the source of half of the oxygen we breathe, as opposed to rainforests, which are important for the rain cycle that gets nutrients from the mountains into the oceans but which are using up all the oxygen they produce.

Diatoms constitute a major group of phytoplankton, accounting for ~ 20 % of the world's primary production.

Psudeo - nitzschia «Pseudo-nitzschia is a marine planktonic diatom genus containing some species capable of producing the neurotoxin domoic acid (DA), which is responsible for the neurological disorder known as amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP).»

Updated, 10:41 p.m. At the asterisk above, I originally used diatoms as a synonym for coccolithophores.

Which lead me to this: http://www.npr.org/2012/07/18/156976147/can-adding-iron-to-oceans-slow-global-warming then to this study: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v487/n7407/full/nature11229.html Money shot (last line in abstract):» Thus, iron - fertilized diatom blooms may sequester carbon for timescales of centuries in ocean bottom water and for longer in the sediments.

Thus, iron - fertilized diatom blooms may sequester carbon for timescales of centuries in ocean bottom water and for longer in the sediments.

In open oceans for instance some 20 % to 80 % of the calcium in dead diatoms is dissolved before the rest sinks towards the ocean bottom.

His position: • No evidence of increasing lake clarity as a result of secchi measurements since 1946 • The interplay of stratification and plankton productivity are not «straightforward» • Challenges O'Reilly's assumption on the correlation of wind and productivity - the highest production is on the end of the lake with the lowest winds • A strong caution using diatoms as the productivity proxy (it is one of two different lake modes) • No ability to link climate change to productivity changes • More productivity from river than allowed for in Nature Geopscience article • Externally derived nutrients control productivity for a quarter of the year • Strong indications of overfishing • No evidence of a climate and fishery production link • The current productivity of the lake is within the expected range • Doesn't challenge recent temp increase but cites temperature records do not show a temperature rise in the last century • Phytoplankton chlorophylla seems to have not materially changed from the 1970s to 1990s • Disputes O'Reilly's and Verbug's claims of increased warming and decreased productivity • Rejects Verburgs contention that changes in phytoplankton biomass (biovolume), in dissolved silica and in transparency support the idea of declining productivity.

Langenburg seems to contradict Verbums finding that diatoms are an indicator for Lake Tanganyika productivity stsating picocyanobacteria may at times be the dominant form of phytoplankton.

(Though, since that first episode covered primarily the oxygen cycle, diatoms and algae blooms were just mentioned as the source of half of the oxygen we breathe, as opposed to rainforests, which are important for the rain cycle that gets nutrients from the mountains into the oceans but which are using up all the oxygen they produce.

Quantitative measurement of the sea ice diatom biomarker IP25 and sterols in Arctic sea ice and underlying sediments: further considerations for palaeo sea ice reconstruction.

That alone may be unsatisfactory in that replacing the diatoms with other phytoplankon may wreck the relationship between phyto and zooplankton and create an entirely new ecology that may be unfavorable for sustaining the oceanic food chain.

The Antarctic ice sheet reached the coastline for the first time at ca. 33.6 Ma and became a driver of Antarctic circulation, which in turn affected global climate, causing increased latitudinal thermal gradients and a «spinning up» of the oceans that resulted in: (1) increased thermohaline circulation and erosional pulses of Northern Component Water and Antarctic Bottom Water; (2) increased deep - basin ventilation, which caused a decrease in oceanic residence time, a decrease in deep - ocean acidity, and a deepening of the calcite compensation depth (CCD); and (3) increased diatom diversity due to intensified upwelling.

report that ocean sediment cores containing an «undisturbed history of the past» have been analyzed for variations in PP over timescales that include the Little Ice Age... they determined that during the LIA the ocean off Peru had «low PP, diatoms and fish,» but that «at the end of the LIA, this condition changed abruptly to the low subsurface oxygen, eutrophic upwelling ecosystem that today produces more fish than any region of the world's oceans... write that «in coastal environments, PP, diatoms and fish and their associated predators are predicted to decrease and the microbial food web to increase under global warming scenarios,» citing Ito et al..

Global solar irradiance reconstruction [48 — 50] and ice - core based sulfate (SO4) influx in the Northern Hemisphere [51] from volcanic activity (a); mean annual temperature (MAT) reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere [52], North America [29], and the American Southwest * expressed as anomalies based on 1961 — 1990 temperature averages (b); changes in ENSO - related variability based on El Junco diatom record [41], oxygen isotopes records from Palmyra [42], and the unified ENSO proxy [UEP; 23](c); changes in PDSI variability for the American Southwest (d), and changes in winter precipitation variability as simulated by CESM model ensembles 2 to 5 [43].

Although this upwelling deceases surface pH and provides more CO2, diatoms still rely on bicarbonate transporters and carbonic anhydrase to ensure an adequate supply of CO2 for photosynthesis.

Without knowing if, for example, industrialised agriculture has tipped the oceans from calcareous phyto production to silicaceous diatoms, and thus reduced light C pulldown, I can not understand how we can assign the increase just to what is coming out of our chimneys.

Alkenone and diatom results for the last millennium have been available for about 10 years.

In the case of ocean plants, phytoplankton, the controlling nutrients are usually nitrate, phosphate and (for diatoms) silicate.

In the final paper of this issue, Tatters et al. [66] study the competitiveness of natural diatom communities incubated under future environmental conditions for two weeks, after which the dominant species were isolated and then incubated again for over a year before recombining the now conditioned species to reconstruct the original community.

Inter-specific competition was found to be similar in both the unconditioned natural and the conditioned artificial community, suggesting that for diatom communities, short - term manipulative experiments may be used to predict the effects of long - term environmental forcing on community structure.

Might be some proxy for total primary productivity, or biomass, or respiration, or photosynthesis, or chemistry of diatom shells or lack thereof in each slice of the sediment core.