«In countries like France and the United States, perceived disadvantage is far greater than real disadvantage, and it makes a significant
difference for student performance,» Schleicher wrote in the article.
Not exact matches
Along the way, certainly, those efforts have produced individual successes — schools and programs that make a genuine
difference for some low - income
students — but they have led to little or no improvement in the
performance of low - income children as a whole.
Hattie also also criticises
performance pay models in the report, saying that it is «difficult to find a
performance - pay model that has made much, if any,
difference to
student learning» and that they often cause higher stress levels
for teachers, which can cause them to lose enthusiasm.
The OECD says results from the PISA collaborative problem - solving assessment show only 9 per cent of the
differences in
students» scores (after accounting
for their
performance in the three core domains of science, reading and mathematics), is observed between schools.
These
differences in school effectiveness have important consequences
for students» academic
performance.
If the gains observed
for 4th graders were a function of
differences in the type of
students entering that grade due to the retention policy, then the
performance of those entering 3rd grade should look essentially the same after 2002 as it did before the retention policy was put into place.
I think the
performance assessments that should make the most
difference for students should be developed by teachers to reflect state standards and the school's curriculum and provide flexibility so that
students can show their capacity in multiple ways.
To eliminate the effects of any chance
differences in
performance caused by other observable characteristics, our analysis takes into account
students» age, gender, race, and eligibility
for the free lunch program; whether they had been assigned to a small class; and whether they were assigned to a teacher of the same race — which earlier research using these same data found to have a large positive effect on
student performance (see «The Race Connection,» Spring 2004).
PISA results show that when
students discuss money matters with their parents, they have significantly higher financial literacy skills, even after accounting
for differences in socio - economic background and their
performance in other subjects.
Moreover, the cross-school
differences in the relative success of advantaged and disadvantaged
students argue
for enacting school accountability policies that shine the light on the success of specific populations, rather than concentrating solely on overall schoolwide
performance levels or gains.
To test this, we made a second set of comparisons that adjust
for differences in the background characteristics and prior
performance of incoming
students.
Average Year 9 reading results
for schools in three ICSEA groups (2009 to 2013) Of particular concern is the observation that, since 2000, between - school
differences in
student performance in PISA have been increasing.
While much more research is needed to understand the effectiveness of virtual schooling
for students in K — 12, the small body of research available points to no significant
differences in
student performance in online courses versus face - to - face learning.
Hanushek points out that actual spending increases during the time period they studied was more like 100 percent, gaps have not closed, and other explanations
for low
performance such as increases in the numbers of
students in poverty don't explain the
difference.
They then tailored district support
for improvement to the analysis of schoolspecific needs, rather than relying primarily on centrally determined interventions based on categorical
differences among schools and their
students (e.g., size, SES, ELL, facilities) or set
performance cut - off levels.
Like policy researchers, measurement researchers generally have not distinguished among different subject areas in their targets
for study or in their conclusions and recommendations, even though Linn (1998)(a prominent measurement researcher) has found
differences in
student performance across subject areas and within subscales of the same subject area.
In higher - performing settings, district leaders understood that the reasons
for differences in
student performance, or in implementation of district initiatives, were particular to the setting.
After analyzing
student outcome data and comparing current
student performance with annual yearly progress benchmarks
for student achievement, the leadership team agrees that there are significant
differences in outcomes among
students of diverse racial, ethnic, cultural and linguistic backgrounds unrelated to socioeconomic status???.
Professional development is based on collaborative analyses of the
differences between (a) actual
student performance and (b) goals and standards
for student learning.
However, there is a stark
difference between a
performance task that asks
students to write a position paper arguing which was the most effective U.S. president and this Codman Acadmey task (see sidebar) that asks
students to write a position paper arguing
for which historically - marginalized group should receive a landmark to their accomplishments.
Galloway (1995) investigated homeschooled graduates» potential
for success in college by comparing their
performance with
students from conventional schools and found insignificant
differences, except in the ACT English subtest scores.
According to the report, «value - added models» refer to a variety of sophisticated statistical techniques that measure
student growth and use one or more years of prior
student test scores, as well as other background data, to adjust
for pre-existing
differences among
students when calculating contributions to
student test
performance.
It's important to remember that by almost any measure, there is a large distribution of teacher
performance, and that
performance differences matter enormously
for students.
If there are large discrepancies between the aggregate
performances of
students on different measures that are not explained by
differences in the skills and content they are measuring, this is a flag
for further examination of how the assessments are being designed or scored.
However, controlling
for pre-existing
differences in
student demographics and achievement, APP principals bettered their comparison group counterparts in ELA
performance in elementary and middle schools.
Critics point out that such tests measure
students on just one day of the year and do not account
for external factors or
differences in learning that might influence
student performance.
While test vendors provide estimates of split - test reliability, these measures do not account
for potentially important day - to - day
differences in
student performance.
But it does explain why research shows that the
difference between teachers only accounts
for at most 20 % of the variance in
student test
performance.
He found significant variability in LAUSD teacher quality, as demonstrated by
student performance on standardized tests in reading and math, and he concluded that
differences between «high - performing» and «low - performing» teachers accounted
for differences in
student performance.
On the Texas Assessment of Academic Skills (TAAS) in math, the
performance of male
students exposed to the intervention was much higher than that of males not exposed to the intervention;
for females, the
difference was even larger.
In spite of the many millions of dollars poured into expounding the theory of paying teachers
for higher
student test scores (sometimes mislabeled as «merit pay»), a new study by Vanderbilt University's National Center on
Performance Incentives found that the use of merit pay
for teachers in the Nashville school district produced no
difference even according to their measure, test outcomes
for students.