Occupational Stress versus Cortisol Associated with Psychological Variables and Gender
Differences among Women and Men in Nursing
When comparing mean age
differences among women with or without a specific mutation category or function, we found small but statistically significant differences.
Others indicate that observed breastfeeding effects are secondary to SES
differences among women who do and do not breastfeed.
As the Meta - Analysis studies show, there are greater
differences among women, than between men and women.
It also accounted for more than 50 percent of the difference in life expectancy at age 50 between foreign - and native - born men and more than 70 percent of
the difference among women.
Not exact matches
More recently, Starbucks announced it reached 100 percent pay equity for
women, men and underrepresented minorities — ending a 10 - year process to end pay
differences among its employees.
The only
difference was the mortality rate
among those
women.
For example,
among traditionalist evangelicals, men gave 85 percent of their vote to Dole, compared with 64 percent for
women, a twenty - one point
difference; comparable figures for traditionalist Catholics were 58 and 47 percent, respectively.
We give witness that the Church's teachings — on the dignity of the human person and the value of human life from conception to natural death; on the meaning of human sexuality, the significance of sexual
difference and the complementarity of men and
women; on openness to life and the gift of motherhood; and on marriage and family founded on the indissoluble commitment of a man and a
woman — provide a sure guide to the Christian life, promote
women's flourishing, and serve to protect the poor and most vulnerable
among us.
In other words, there was no
difference in severe acute maternal morbidity (SAMM) between home and hospital
among nulliparous
women and a slightly lower rate of SAMM for parous
women at homebirth.
RESULTS: No statistically significant
differences were found between the groups in baseline characteristics, obstetrical and perinatal outcomes; however, there was a preference
among women in both groups for the upright position.
Most studies of homebirth in other countries have found no statistically significant
differences in perinatal outcomes between home and hospital births for
women at low risk of complications.36, 37,39 However, a recent study in the United States showed poorer neonatal outcomes for births occurring at home or in birth centres.40 A meta - analysis in the same year demonstrated higher perinatal mortality associated with homebirth41 but has been strongly criticised on methodological grounds.5, 42 The Birthplace in England study, 43 the largest prospective cohort study on place of birth for
women at low risk of complications, analysed a composite outcome, which included stillbirth and early neonatal death
among other serious morbidity.
Among 64 538 low - risk
women, of whom more than 16 000 planned a homebirth at the onset of labour, no
difference was found in the adjusted odds between obstetric units and other birthplaces, including homebirth.
Women with Low - Risk Pregnancies Can Safely Give Birth outside Hospitals with Midwives A new study in England shows little difference in complications among the babies of women with low - risk pregnancies who delivered in hospitals versus those who gave birth with midwives at home or in birthing cen
Women with Low - Risk Pregnancies Can Safely Give Birth outside Hospitals with Midwives A new study in England shows little
difference in complications
among the babies of
women with low - risk pregnancies who delivered in hospitals versus those who gave birth with midwives at home or in birthing cen
women with low - risk pregnancies who delivered in hospitals versus those who gave birth with midwives at home or in birthing centers.
A new study in England shows little
difference in complications
among the babies of
women with low - risk pregnancies who delivered in hospitals versus those who gave birth with midwives at home or in birthing centers.
Our study demonstrates significant
differences in the course of pregnancy and labor in relation to preferred place of birth, as showed by the fewest number of diagnosed medical indications during pregnancy and the fewest intrapartum interventions
among women who preferred a home birth.
In multiple studies, lactation is associated with reduced maternal risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.12, 22 Several studies have found
differences in diabetes prevalence
among postmenopausal
women.22, 23 However, the only study to measure incident disease found that the association between breastfeeding and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus disappeared after 15 years after a
woman's last birth.12 Thus, we limited the effect of lactation on type 2 diabetes mellitus accordingly.
There was no statistically significant
difference in the frequency of postpartum hemorrhage
among women undergoing immersion during the second stage of labor (RR, 0.14; 95 % CI, 0.10 — 2.71; one trial).
But a comparison of «low - risk»
women who planned to give birth at home with those who planned to give birth in hospital with a midwife found no
difference in death or serious illness
among either baby or mother.
He continued, «Studies performed in later pregnancy beyond the first trimester have shown a slight sex
difference in the main level of this hormone, so that female pregnancies tend to have a slightly higher level of this hormone, and we speculated... that if the same sex
difference in this hormone level exists in the early part of the pregnancy, and if this hormone is truly related to the occurrence of morning sickness, then we would perhaps expect an altered sex ratio
among women suffering from severe nausea.»
Although there were no important
differences in breastfeeding duration between groups, there was a considerably longer duration of exclusive breastfeeding (which was defined as providing only breast milk for the previous 24 h, but did allow formula less than once per week)
among women receiving the research bags (either alone or in combination with the research counseling [P < 0.01, 1 - tailed log rank test]-RRB- versus those not receiving research bags.
These
women supporting work at the Nature Museum are
among many in the Chicago region making a
difference to nature and conservation.
The interest in considering TOLAC varies greatly
among women, and this variation is at least partly related to
differences in the way individuals weigh potential risks and benefits (1, 134 — 136).
Both studies reported some increased risk in morbidity
among women with more than one prior cesarean delivery, although the absolute magnitude of the
difference in these risks was small (eg, 2.1 % versus 3.2 % composite major morbidity in one study)(74).
Clinical support can make the
difference in exclusive breastfeeding success
among working
women
To find the answers, further study on this
difference will be needed to gain a better understanding of susceptibility to disease, efficacy of drugs and even the course of normal development
among all individuals, not just between men and
women.
On the other hand, the
difference was greater in terms of weight gain
among the American
women if they chose healthy behaviors over unhealthy ones.
A study by investigators at Brigham and
Women's Hospital (BWH) published this week in PLOS ONE identifies four factors that may account for sex differences in statin therapy among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), pointing to interventions and additional research that will be needed to help overcome this sex disparity and reduce cardiovascular risk for w
Women's Hospital (BWH) published this week in PLOS ONE identifies four factors that may account for sex
differences in statin therapy
among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), pointing to interventions and additional research that will be needed to help overcome this sex disparity and reduce cardiovascular risk for
womenwomen.
Our results show that in 2000 smoking explained more than 75 percent of the
difference in life expectancy at age 50 between Hispanic and non-Hispanic white men and roughly 75 percent
among women.
«Despite early
differences in viral load
among men and
women, as time went on, both men and
women had a similar risk of developing AIDS,» says Timothy Sterling, assistant professor of medicine and epidemiology at Johns Hopkins University, which participated in the study.
To evaluate the
difference among various cross-sex hormone therapy regimens, they note future research should be based on large prospective cohort studies that include cisgender men and
women, transgender men and
women receiving cross-sex hormone therapy, and transgender men and
women not receiving cross-sex hormone therapy.
Among the studies that show significant
differences, a majority conclude that men are more at risk (11 studies) than
women (5 studies).
The study, published in the British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, assessed the
differences in preeclampsia and eclampsia rates
among immigrants and native - born
women in six high - immigration countries — Australia (Victoria), Canada (Ontario), Denmark, Sweden, Spain (Catalonia and Valencia) and the United States (California, New Jersey and New York City).
This
difference is driven mainly by a higher rate of stroke and other cardiovascular diseases
among women.
«The higher incidence of prolonged problems
among women has been associated with a number of gender
differences including physiological
differences in the laryngeal system,
differences in the endocrine system, and
differences in pulmonary usage,» said Eric Hunter, the lead investigator and Associate Chair of Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders at the Michigan State University.
The big
difference in the Boston group emerged
among the 10
women who ultimately became pregnant.
Professor Charlotte Suppli Ulrik, lead author from the Hvidovre Hospital and the University of Copenhagen in Denmark, said: «Our findings present an intriguing look at the
differences we see between men and
women when we identify predictors of asthma
among children.
Gorman said the uptick in smoking
among women may be due to
differences in smoking stigma that exist for
women in Latin America and especially Asia.
She said that the smoking stigma for
women is significantly less in the U.S., so when gender
differences in smoking between the native and foreign - born are compared, gender gaps tend to be much larger
among migrant populations living in the U.S.
According to the UVD hypothesis, the
difference in birth outcomes between whites and blacks should be lower
among women in areas with more sunshine or UV radiation.
«The higher risk of tumor recurrence that we observed
among African American
women was reduced when controlling for those factors, suggesting that these genomic
differences contribute, at least partly, to the known racial disparity in the survival of African American and Caucasian breast cancer patients.»
Ethnic
differences were noted, illuminating higher completion rates
among white compared with black and Hispanic
women.
It would be very interesting to see if the same patterns hold
among women, because there are some
differences in drinking behaviors across the sexes.»
On the other hand, if
differences persist
among selective sub-populations then it could support the case for gender diversity in the workplace, since men and
women might have complementary strengths and weaknesses.
By comparison,
among those who finished in about five hours, men slowed by 18.8 percent whereas
women slowed by 14.5 percent, a 30 percent sex
difference.
For example,
among those who finished in about three hours, men slowed by 6.9 percent whereas
women slowed by 5.5 percent, a 25 percent sex
difference.
Among them: inconsistencies in the number or type of patients («
Women present in early reports seem to have become men by later reports,» the authors write); statistically insignificant
differences reported as significant; and contradictory information in figures and written results.
Fewer
differences in ACEs were found
among women with and without military service than
among men.
A global study showed that there were sex
differences among various risk factors for MI; besides diabetes, also hypertension, low physical activity, and high alcohol intake were stronger predictors for MI in
women rather than in men (270).
Ensuring consideration of female cells and animals in science, as well as of an adequate proportion of
women in clinical studies that promote sex - specific analysis, including sex
differences among the a priori research questions, is important for future biomedical research and medicine and could contribute to a better reproducibility of research (346).