Sentences with phrase «differences observed»

There were no clinically relevant differences observed between the 2 groups for outcomes including pain, function in recreation and sport, as well as knee related quality of life.
Parent satisfaction levels vary by household income, with large differences observed for families with incomes of $ 30,000 or less and those with incomes of $ 100,000 or more (Figure 3).
After two years the difference in scores is 4.3 percentile points, which is slightly but not significantly (in statistical terms) less than the 5.8 percentile point difference observed after one year.
The main differences observed between the groups occurred in the comparison of secondary sex characteristics.
Similarly, the researchers resurrected Ilomantis as a valid genus from the related genus Nilomantis due to character differences observed on the female genitalia, which again was supported by the other character systems.
In no case was a significant difference observed between the treatment groups, or between those who dropped out before the 9 - year follow - up and those who did not drop out, on the baseline measures (see Supplemental Information).
Reported effects in the figures and tables reflect differences observed across the baseline and experimental conditions.
Simulations demonstrate that significant genetic differences observed between ancient and modern samples could be caused by a large, recent population bottleneck, roughly concurrent with commercial whaling.
Social support and needs fulfillment can act to buffer this stress; however, results indicate that this varies by gender, with gender differences observed in strain, perceived support, and expressed needs among MS caregivers.
Subsequent differences observed between the two groups could then be attributed to the intervention, without the need for estimating complex statistical models.
The study's cohort of Quebec twins, which included 223 sets of monozygotic twins (with an identical genetic code) and 332 sets of fraternal twins, made it possible to determine whether the individual differences observed in proactive and reactive aggression were due to genetic or environmental factors.
In this study the researchers compare the ichnites of the Manyanet Valley with those found in what was the centre of this super-continent and they conclude that the faunistic differences observed could be due to differences in climate.
Rather than listing specific genes that manifest themselves differently, or are differentially expressed, between queens and workers, the team looked for genes with similar expression patterns across samples that may be involved in maintaining the structural, behavioural and functional differences observed between queens and workers.
«And while we don't fully understand the significance of the vegetation and detritus differences we observed, it could relate to other physical or chemical resources available in the pool that the toads need or prefer.»
Bone loss and the risk of fracture is also a serious concern for the 54 million people in the United States who have low bone density or osteoporosis.1 The three-fold difference observed in bone mechanical strength versus density in the current study should prompt additional review of how physicians assess risk and treat patients with this condition.
Thus, the majority of the gene expression differences observed persisted for a significant period of time after return to normoxic conditions.
«If you use standard measurements, you're going to miss the sex differences we observed,» Gropler said.
The striking differences observed in Themis1 - deficient rats of the BN and LEW genetic backgrounds suggest that an epistasis between Themis1 and other gene (s) controls Treg function.
Widely considered to be the best tests of clinical efficacy and safety, the randomized, placebo -, or standard - controlled clinical trial has a rigorous design that is engineered to balance both observed and unmeasured confounders between the intervention and control arms, which makes any resulting difference observed between the 2 trial arms a causal result of the intervention.
When well executed, random assignment serves to rule out the possibility that any post-reform differences observed between the treatment and control groups are actually due to pre-existing differences between the two groups rather than to the effects of the reform.
Since the two groups of students - the lottery's winners and losers - had similar average abilities and family backgrounds, any subsequent achievement differences observed between them can be attributed to the effects of the vouchers.
In such cases it is possible that impaired fibre connections (e.g. reduced functional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus) to and from this area cause the neuronal differences observed [151].
Based on the genetic differences he observed, Springer estimates that the common ancestor of all these animals lived about 80 million years ago, probably in Africa, since that is where the earliest fossils of members of these six groups have been found.
However, despite the large differences observed, the Borrelia bacterium has a clear effect on the immune system's energy regulation, opening up opportunities for research into better detection of Borrelia infections.
Further research is required to understand the gender differences observed and delineate cause versus effect mechanisms.
The most significant differences observed for the amount of breaks in sedentary time were for waist circumference.
Also, «in many organizations,» Freeman says, «there is a disproportionate number of older men in senior positions and younger women in junior positions, thus making it hard to isolate whether the differences observed are male / female or junior / senior.»
The differences observed through such investigations could very well be generated by the environment rather than by nature.
The differences observed within the shrub communities could stem from the plants» reproduction cycle and timing of the logging operations.
In addition, while our data suggest that sleep loss impairs working memory in a sex - dependent manner, this does not mean that the sex - differences we observed can be generalised to other mental or physical measures of how we are affected by sleep loss,» says Frida Rångtell, PhD student at the Department of Neuroscience and lead author of the study.
Future experiments should also look at whether the differences observed in the seafloor community are due to the temperature changes, which might directly affect how organisms work, or whether they're due to the indirect effects of different species competing with one another, says Jennifer Sunday, an ecologist at UW.
«Given the differences we observed within industries and across provinces in China, many opportunities would involve creating incentives to promote the adoption of Chinese best practices.»
The study also showed that the difference observed in the simulations was due mainly to emissions of biogenic VOCs from tropical forests.
Unexpectedly, the new category of internal tRNA fragments contributes much of the difference observed across races, populations, genders, and tissues.
Or are the differences we observed contributing to problems with tics?
The differences they observed indicate that diverse and unrelated factors influenced the evolution of teeth and brains.
When compared to the 2008 U.S. census, the speech and language cohort had a higher proportion of teachers, but it was consistent with the differences observed with the Alzheimer's dementia group.
However, this idea does not fully explain the differences we observe in galaxies» spectral fingerprints, and many have searched for an additional parameter that fills in the gaps,» said Richard Mushotzky, a professor of astronomy at UMD and a co-author of the study.
Socioeconomic factors had little effect on the differences observed.
Paliya also intends to study whether the differences observed in gamma rays translate across the electromagnetic spectrum.
The leading spider expert on the Spintharus genus in earlier decades, Herbert W. Levi (1921 - 2014), had concluded that differences he observed in these spiders across a wide swath of geography represented variation within one species.
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z