Sentences with phrase «different atmospheric models»

«In our study we used satellite data for sea ice and sea surface temperatures to run some coordinated hindcast experiments with five different atmospheric models,» Ogawa says.

«We have also found that there is significant uncertainty based on the spread among different atmospheric models.

Not exact matches

Random fluctuations and three physical reasons come into question to explain this: The model calculations are based on different amounts of radiant energy from the sun that impinge on Earth's surface and are stored as a result of the greenhouse effect, e.g. due to atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Combining observations from satellites and ground stations with climate models, they evaluated different factors that affect telescope vision, such as the amount of water vapour, wind speeds and atmospheric turbulence.

The researchers developed atmospheric models of the equilibrium chemistry for a brown dwarf at 250 degrees Kelvin and calculated the resulting spectra under different assumptions, including cloudy and cloud - free models.

The researchers looked at a total of 34 different global climate model outputs, encompassing different degrees of atmospheric sensitivity to greenhouse gases and different levels of human emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

In a study set to come out in Nature tomorrow, an international group of scientists reports that they simulated atmospheric behavior using several different models and used them to forecast anthropogenically driven changes in average annual rainfall at different latitudes from 1925 to 1999.

A synthesis of six such experiments with different models shows consistent hemispheric - wide atmospheric warming, strongest in the mid-to-high-latitude lower troposphere; an intensification of the wintertime Aleutian Low and, in most cases, the Siberian High; a weakening of the Icelandic Low; and a reduction in strength and southward shift of the mid-latitude westerly winds in winter.

The study used three climate models that handle the basic atmospheric calculations and physics in different ways.

Scientists showed the potential habitability of the planet under different atmospheric conditions and orbits using a state - of - the - art model.

Numerical computer modelling of the glacier for these different time periods will help us understand whether this part of the ice sheet is susceptible to rising sea level, warming oceans or increased atmospheric temperatures.

GCM results are used: «The large - scale thermodynamic boundary conditions for the experiments — atmospheric temperature and moisture profiles and SSTs — are derived from nine different Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP2 +) climate models.»

I didn't succeed in finding a definitive set of Dietze's actual dynamic equations for atmospheric CO2 on the Daly web site; two different models seem to be implied.

Climate models have been used to test this hypothesis and assess the vulnerability of the ocean and atmospheric circulation to different amounts of freshwater release (see Alley and Agustsdottir, 2005 for a review; Section 6.4.2.2).

Thus, two models with the same level of cumulative total anthropogenic CO2 emissions may reach different atmospheric CO2 concentrations (see Smith and Edmonds 2006).

To better determine the fate of the species in the face of climate change, the researchers analyzed a total of 34 different global climate models, taking into account atmospheric sensitivity to greenhouse gases and different levels of human greenhouse gas emissions.

One could record sun angle, actual sea and air temps, humidities and winds and match these to the different atmospheric dynamics in the tropics and develop a quantitative formula (I guess this is called a model these days).

In this study we examine the impact of SAL effects on ocean mass redistribution under different surface loads (land hydrology, atmospheric pressure, ocean dynamics), using a number of geophysical models and GRACE observations.

Ensembles of process - based crop models are increasingly used to simulate crop growth for scenarios of temperature and / or precipitation changes corresponding to different projections of atmospheric CO2 concentrations.

[18] When models of different physical processes are combined, such as combinations of atmospheric, ocean and wave models, the multi-model ensemble is called hyper - ensemble.

This would be much simpler and cover a broader range of possibilities for understanding the model sensitivity to different magnitudes and rates of atmospheric composition change.

In the RCPs, the concentration of greenhouse gases is fixed at different times in the future and the climate model (or general circulation model or GCM) uses those atmospheric concentrations to calculate future climate states.

«To conclude, modeled atmospheric circulation and SST trends over the past century are significantly different from the observed ones.

The same models that are valid today would be valid, for example, through periods of much higher volcanic activity, different geographic arrangements and foliage (albedo), and different atmospheric composition.

This model took into account the different atmospheric lifetimes of different greenhouse gases and the different radiative forcings of each gas, and also considered delays in the climate system caused primarily by the thermal inertia of the ocean.

These different SAT trends occur despite the fact that both simulations were subject to the identical radiative forcing and were conducted with the same model, highlighting the role of internal atmospheric circulation variability in any single model run.

A point that should be made is that of the 102 + models that are available for use, all are based in one way or another on the exact same atmospheric physics yet they produce vastly different outputs.

The Americans — who published their findings on Sunday in Nature Climate Change — ran two different climate models, CAM3.5 and HadCM3L — the one devised by the US National Center for Atmospheric Research and the other by the UK Met Office's Hadley Centre and simulated a doubling of atmospheric CO2 concentrations, temperature - compensating stratospheric solar radiation management (SRM) geoengineering — and compared precipitation changes.

The experiments were performed with ModelE2, a new version of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Sciences (GISS) coupled general circulation model that includes three different versions for the atmospheric composition components: a noninteractive version (NINT) with prescribed composition and a tuned aerosol indirect effect (AIE), the TCAD version with fully interactive aerosols, whole - atmosphere chemistry, and the tuned AIE, and the TCADI version which further includes a parameterized first indirect aerosol effect on clouds.

And that change can be modelled in many ways which each leads to a different forecast of future atmospheric CO2 concentration.

Each atmospheric version is coupled to two different ocean general circulation models: the Russell ocean model (GISS - E2 - R) and HYCOM (GISS - E2 - H).

They will focus on simulations that explore how the scale of the model affects clouds and atmospheric particles in different climate regimes.

However, different carbon models perform very similarly in terms of modelling the atmospheric 14C concentration (Delaygue & Bard 2010).

But it is unclear whether or not the 1976 regime shift in North Pacific climate reflects an abrupt change in the extratropical atmosphere - ocean system or simply the random superposition of different climate signals, e.g., similar regime - shifts are reproducible in simple stochastic models forced by atmospheric noise and ENSO (Newman et al., 2003).

However, dry - spell duration and warming trend effects on vegetation productivity may be at least partly offset by rising atmospheric CO2 effects on plants (Bachelet et al., 2001; Thuiller et al., 2006b), leading to sometimes contrasting projections for deserts that are based on different modelling techniques that either incorporate or ignore CO2 - fertilisation effects.

We study climate sensitivity and feedback processes in three independent ways: (1) by using a three dimensional (3 - D) global climate model for experiments in which solar irradiance So is increased 2 percent or CO2 is doubled, (2) by using the CLIMAP climate boundary conditions to analyze the contributions of different physical processes to the cooling of the last ice age (18K years ago), and (3) by using estimated changes in global temperature and the abundance of atmospheric greenhouse gases to deduce an empirical climate sensitivity for the period 1850 - 1980.

Reporting in Geophysical Research Letters, researchers looked at how the impacts caused by different strengths of geoengineering differed from region to region, using a comprehensive climate model developed by the UK Met Office, which replicates all the important aspects of the climate system, including the atmospheric, ocean and land processes, and their interactions.

Researchers investigated the response of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) to the rise of atmospheric CO2 in the NCAR Climate System Model version 3, with the focus on the different responses under modern and glacial periods.

We next applied a one - dimensional firn diffusion model (24) to reconstruct GEM concentrations at all depths in the firn air from different atmospheric histories.

The average around the equator of the eastward wind in the upper tropospheric layer of the idealized atmospheric model of Suarez and Duffy 1992, for several different values of the strength of an imposed tropical heat source.

Called ModelE, it provides the ability to simulate many different configurations of Earth System Models — including interactive atmospheric chemistry, aerosols, carbon cycle and other tracers, as well as the standard atmosphere, ocean, sea ice and land surface components.

The Carnegie team will use global atmospheric models, partly enabled by the Carnegie Institution's new high - performance computing cluster, to simulate how short - lived pollutants from different sectors and different countries get transported through the atmosphere and the distribution and strength of their climate and air quality effects.

Three - dimensional (3D) planetary general circulation models (GCMs) derived from the models that we use to project 21st Century changes in Earth's climate can now be used to address outstanding questions about how Earth became and remained habitable despite wide swings in solar radiation, atmospheric chemistry, and other climate forcings; whether these different eras of habitability manifest themselves in signals that might be detected from a great distance; whether and how planets such as Mars and Venus were habitable in the past; how common habitable exoplanets might be; and how we might best answer this question with future observations.

The general modelling techniques used in the atmospheric dynamical core, and the treatment of unresolved degrees of freedom are fairly standard as a general approach across many different applications of fluid dynamics.

a) Eli's friend is working on this at the moment (Eli will take some credit) b) All in all, since the methane atmospheric lifetime is built into observations it will only shift the proportion of oxidation among different mechanisms in the models.