Sentences with phrase «different ocean layers»

The differences in recent trends among the different ocean layers are profound.

Not exact matches

An «ocean» composed of a single layer of molecules; an intricate depiction of an HIV particle as a study in orange and gray; a phantasmagoria of fungi; a video tracing the long - distance travels of items dumped in the trash in Seattle: The four first - place winners in this year's International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge grab your attention and draw you into unseen worlds in very different ways.

Each layer of water can have drastically different temperatures, so determining the average over the entirety of the ocean's surface and depths presents a challenge.

I think the part about differential warming of different layers of the ocean to be particularly clear and useful.

Gravity does the pulling in the atmosphere and oceans, although, once in motion, viscous shear forces occur between adjacent layers moving at different velocities.

The weakening of the Walker circulation arises in these models from processes that are fundamentally different from those of El Nià ± o — and is present in both mixed - layer and full - ocean coupled models, so is not dependent on the models» ability to represent Kelvin waves (by the way, most of the IPCC - AR4 models have sufficient oceanic resolution to represent Kelvin waves and the physics behind them is quite simple — so of all the model deficiencies to focus on this one seems a little odd).

This suggestion of an accelerated warming in a deep layer of the ocean has been suggested mostly on the basis of results from reanalyses of different types (that is, numerical simulations of the ocean and atmosphere that are forced to fit observations in some manner).

Since UV and shorter shortwave have different depths of penetration, they change the energy available at the lower ocean layers which change the rate of diffusion between layers.

The earth's oceans can be modeled (shudder) as series of masses corresponding to different layers with energy inputs decreasing with depth, and with the low mass, low heat capacity atmosphere on top.

The oceans are really big, yet the presence of currents and layers at different temperatures means temperatures can be quite different in waters just a few hundred meters apart.

To enjoy getting into those claims you would have to consider the impacts of differing rates of advection in the different ocean and atmospheric layers from the stratopause to the deep oceans.

But there is fractionation due to different kinetic speeds: the atmosphere was some 6 per mil lighter in d13C when in equilibrium with the oceans mixed layer.

In the first comprehensive biogeochemical model of this «Canfield Ocean,» Johnston et al. (2) in a recent issue of PNAS present a stunningly different take on those early photosynthesizers — one in which the upper, light - containing layers indeed drove biological production but without the expected concomitant release of oxygen.

This study of course does not take away very different concerns related to stratospheric aerosol SRM geoengineering, like possible damage to the ozone layer [which in turn would be good news if you hate waiting for that spring tan] and the fact that allowing CO2 concentrations to keep rising presents other problems, like the necessity to never stop with the active process of SRM geoengineering, and increasing ecological damage caused by ocean acidification.

At the surface, the variability of temperatures over land is much greater than that over the oceans (Fig. 4), which reflects the very different heat capacities of the underlying surface and the depth of the layer linked to the surface.

Climate change can influence the distribution of dead zones by increasing water temperature and hence microbial activity, as well as reducing mixing of the ocean (i.e., increasing layering or stratification) of the Ocean — which have different temperatures, densities, salinities — and reducing mixing of oxygen - rich surface layers into the deeper parts of the Oocean (i.e., increasing layering or stratification) of the Ocean — which have different temperatures, densities, salinities — and reducing mixing of oxygen - rich surface layers into the deeper parts of the OOcean — which have different temperatures, densities, salinities — and reducing mixing of oxygen - rich surface layers into the deeper parts of the OceanOcean.

Scientists measure these ratios in the layers of many different natural archives, such as ice cores, cave formations, tree rings, corals, and even ocean and lake sediments.

Each layer of water in the ocean has vastly different temperatures, so determining the average temperature is nearly impossible without glossing over important data.

Then we looked at another model with only conductive heat transfer between different «layers» in the ocean.

The ocean surface is a free surface thus the absence of turbulence at the ocean surface is due to a totally different mechanism to the absence of turbulence in the viscous sublayer of a turbulent boundary layer.

They find that the different moisture availability over land and ocean leads to different atmospheric temperature lapse rates (latent heat release), which in combination with a well - mixed free (above boundary layer) atmosphere can explain the land — sea contrast.

In broad brushstrokes, as the different layers of the ocean warm, their density changes, and these density changes in turn impact the speed of the internal waves.

«It is becoming increasingly obvious that the rate of energy transfer varies all the time between ocean and air, air and space and between different layers in the oceans and air.

What is important is not the exchanges between these different subsystems but rather the additions to the overall system consisting of the atmosphere + biosphere + ocean mixed layer.

We can see the heat change in the different layers of ocean.

However the tidal currents coming into contact with the relief of the ocean bottom (even if this is very deep) creates waves which are propagated at the interface between two layers of different densities.

I would divide the ocean into horizontal layers with different mean pressures and temperatures and figure it that way.

They resemble surface waves on the ocean, but exist in the atmosphere between layers of slightly different density.

My post on the cool - skin layer of the ocean hyper - links to 3 different papers on the topic, and those three papers cites numerous others in support of the physics, math, and observations involved.

Using two different coupled climate models with mixed - layer oceans, with and without OHT, along with a coupled model with a fixed - current ocean component in which the currents are uniformly reduced and increased by 50 %, an attempt is made to explain why this may happen.