Sentences with phrase «dioxide emission taxes»

Not exact matches

Studies indicate carbon dioxide emissions from transportation in the province have declined 16 % in that time, and while it's impossible to draw a direct causal relationship between the tax and the emissions decline, it's fair to say it was a factor contributing to indisputable behavioural changes — you can't emit 16 % less CO2 by doing the same things you did before.

The party also advocates the substitution of council tax by a land - value tax; extra funding for the NHS and public transport; the scrapping of road - building schemes; massive investment in renewable energy; a radical reduction in carbon dioxide emissions; and opposition to GM crop initiatives and fracking.

The Republican - led House of Representatives is currently working on the Energy Tax Prevention Act of 2011, which would bar the Environmental Protection Agency from regulating carbon dioxide emissions to mitigate climate change.

Key finding: innovation + policy = economic growth A third scenario includes a $ 30 per ton price on carbon dioxide emissions from power plants, redistributed to taxpayers through proportional tax payments.

EUROPE has moved a step closer to taxing carbon dioxide emissions, though the tax will effectively be optional for another five years.

Hansen, who is registered as an independent, believes carbon dioxide emissions should be taxed, but that the money should be returned to the public as a rebate, instead of going to the goverment.

They would also do something to help Australia meet its target of cutting carbon dioxide emissions, as most would have more impact than the small carbon tax which has been proposed.

Some economists believe a simple tax on greenhouse gas emissions makes more sense than the elaborate cap - and - trade regime for carbon dioxide envisioned by Evolution and other players in the nascent market.

In his strategy for bringing down British carbon dioxide emissions by 60 over cent over the coming 50 years, Barker envisages phasing out all British value - added taxes and replacing them with a swingeing carbon tax.

The main weapon for controlling carbon dioxide emissions, being proposed in both Brussels and Washington, is a carbon or energy tax.

Rosenthal says that if carbon dioxide emissions become taxed in the future due to continuing concerns about global warming, his solar - driven catalyst for making synthetic fuel will compete even better economically with fossil fuels.

A group of prominent Republicans released a «conservative» plan to reduce carbon dioxide emissions today, arguing that replacing Obama - era policies with a carbon - tax - and - dividend system would be a politically feasible way to fight off the worst effects of climate change.

In exchange for the tax, much of U.S. EPA's regulatory authority over carbon dioxide emissions would be phased out, including the Obama administration's Clean Power Plan.

He cited Australia's Parliament, under a conservative coalition elected last year, which last week repealed a two - year - old tax on carbon dioxide emissions — the country's only legislated policy for reducing global warming pollution.

This scenario would change if there were a significant tax on carbon emissions, or if an equivalent economic penalty were imposed on fossil - fueled plants through a cap on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions or a requirement that CO2 be sequestered.

Carbon dioxide emissions are 70 g / km with 15 - inch wheels, which lets the car escape the London congestion tax.

Carbon dioxide emissions of 119 g / km slot the car into the C tax bracket with no first year tax and then # 20.

However, Swedish cars registered in 2008, or later, are taxed based on carbon dioxide emissions.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions for these engines stand at 127 and 154g / km, which will mean a tax bill of # 110 and # 180 respectively.

Thw 1.4 MultiAir engine has and 109g / km in band C carbon dioxide emissions of 139 g / km which puts it into road tax band E with an annual charge of # 130.

If we are in a global warming crisis today, even the most aggressive and costly proposals for limiting industrial carbon dioxide emissions and all other government proposals and taxes would have a negligible effect on global climate!

On solutions, Charles Komanoff of the Carbon Tax Center has rounded up 32 signatories, including four economics Nobelists and three former cabinet secretaries — George Shultz, Robert Reich and Steven Chu — for a letter to Paris climate negotiators pressing the case for taxing carbon dioxide emissions.

His critics show few signs of ever accommodating the ideas he now presses, which include a prompt moratorium on new coal - burning power plants until they can capture and store carbon dioxide and a rising tax on fuels contributing greenhouse - gas emissions, with the revenue passed back directly to citizens, avoiding the complexities of «cap and trade» bills.

On the policy side, Mr. Gore remains in the all - of - the - above camp, seeking both a tax on carbon dioxide emissions and endorsing, somewhat guardedly, the «cap and trade» architecture favored by congressional Democrats and many large environmental groups.

My point is this: In my view, the Times should find out, and convey to the public (in one place and in organized fashion), the views of each and every Congressperson, and person running for Congress, regarding a moratorium on coal - fired power plants (until their carbon dioxide emissions can be eliminated), a carbon «cap - and - auction» or «cap - and - trade» system, or carbon tax, and related matters having to do with global warming.

Carbon dioxide emissions will be taxed at a rate of $ 23 ($ 16.89) a tonne from July 1st next year, rising by 2.5 per cent a year for three years.

Options and Instruments for a Deep Cut in CO2 emissions: Carbon dioxide capture or renewables, taxes or subsidies?.

WASHINGTON — Even as the Trump administration dismantles climate policies at the federal level, a growing number of Democratic state governors are considering taxing or pricing carbon dioxide emissions within their own borders to tackle global warming.

In fact, Pielke has supported carbon taxes and the EPA's carbon dioxide emissions limits on power plants.

9/19/16 — Taxing carbon released from burning fossil fuels could be a key part of a comprehensive effort to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, a major contributor to human - caused climate change, two economists have argued in Issues.

According to a report in the Palm Beach Daily News, Koch told an audience of around 600 people at the Florida city's Chamber of Commerce that anyone who advocates for taxes on carbon dioxide emissions is «on LSD.»

It's worth noting that while imposing a carbon tax is designed to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide emissions, it does not attempt to determine the amount emitted in any year, say.

The United States could seek approval to tax imported goods in proportion to their carbon dioxide emissions if exporting countries failed to enact carbon taxes at home.

HERE is a poll by the IGM of their Economic Experts Panel on a carbon tax; the question posed was: «A tax on the carbon content of fuels would be a less expensive way to reduce carbon - dioxide emissions than would a collection of policies such as «corporate average fuel economy» requirements for automobiles».

Sections 243.1 - 243.4 of Article 243 of the Code, specifically: rate of the tax due on emissions of certain pollutants into the atmospheric air, caused by stationary sources of pollution; rates of the tax due on stationary sources» emissions into the atmospheric air of pollutants (compounds), which are not listed in Section 243.1 of this Article and are falling within a certain substance hazard category (except for carbon dioxide), shall be applicable subject to determined approximately safe impact levels of such substances» (compounds») impact on the atmospheric air of urban settlements; and rates of tax due on emissions of carbon dioxide

A carbon tax would impose an indirect tax on these fuels due to their carbon dioxide emissions.

The study at issue is a 2011 report in which Nisbet analyzed claims by some environmentalists that they lost the political battle over creating a federal cap - and - trade tax on carbon dioxide emissions because environmentalists were outgunned; that is, because industry associations and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce marshalled resources far beyond those of cap - and - trade's supporters.

C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group, 12 California, 7, 68, 102, 128, 169 - 170, 187, 196, 232 - 234, 245 California Energy Commission, 232 Cambridge Media Environment Programme (CMEP), 167 - 168 Cambridge University, 102 Cameron, David, 11, 24, 218 Cameroon, 25 Campbell, Philip, 165 Canada, 22, 32, 64, 111, 115, 130, 134, 137, 156 - 157, 166, 169, 177, 211, 222, 224 - 226, 230, 236, 243 Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society (CMOS), 15 Cap - and - trade, 20, 28, 40 - 41, 44, 170, 175 allowances (permits), 41 - 42, 176, 243 Capitalism, 34 - 35, 45 Capps, Lois, 135 Car (see vehicle) Carbon, 98, 130 Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), 192 Carbon Capture and Storage Association, 164 Carbon credits (offsets), 28 - 29, 42 - 43, 45 Carbon Cycle, 80 - 82 Carbon dioxide (CO2), 9, 18, 23, 49 - 51, 53, 55, 66 - 67, 72 - 89, 91, 98 - 99, 110, 112, 115, 118, 128 - 132, 137, 139, 141 - 144, 152, 240 emissions, 12, 18 - 25, 28 - 30, 32 - 33, 36 - 38, 41 - 44, 47, 49, 53, 55, 71 - 72, 74, 77 - 78, 81 - 82, 108 - 109, 115, 132, 139, 169, 186, 199 - 201, 203 - 204, 209 - 211, 214, 217, 219, 224, 230 - 231, 238, 241, 243 - 244 Carbon Dioxide Analysis Center, 19 Carbon Expo, 42 Carbon, footprint, 3, 13, 29, 35, 41, 45, 110, 132 tax, 20, 44, 170 trading, 13, 20, 40, 43, 44, 176, 182 Carbon monoxide (CO), 120 Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC), 44 Carlin, George, 17 Carter, Bob, 63 Carter, Jimmy, 186, 188 Cato Institute, 179 CBS, 141, 146 Center for Disease Control, 174 Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change, 62, 139 Centre for Policy Studies, 219 CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research), 96 Chavez, Hugo, 34 Chicago Tribune, 146 China, 29, 32 - 33, 60 - 62, 120, 169, 176, 187 - 188, 211, 216, 225 - 226, 242 - 243 China's National Population and Planning Commission, 33 Chinese Academy of Sciences, 60 Chirac, Jacques, 36 Chlorofluorocarbons, 42 - 43, 50 Choi, Yong - Sang, 88 Christy, John, 105 Churchill, Winston, 214, 220 Chu, Steven, 187 Citibank (Citigroup), 40, 176 Clean Air Act, 85, 128 - 129 Clean Development Mechanism, 42 Climate Action Partnership, 14 Climate alarm, 4, 13, 21, 32, 35, 38, 56, 102 - 103, 115 - 117, 120, 137, 156, 168, 173, 182 Climate Audit, 66 Climate change, adaptation, 39, 110, 112 mitigation, 16, 39, 110 Climate Change and the Failure of Democracy, 34 Climate Change: Picturing the Science, 121 Climate Change Reconsidered, 242 Climate conference, 38 Cancun, 18, 29, 36 - 37, 124 - 125, 242 Copenhagen, 33, 36, 109, 125, 156, 158, 175, 241 - 242 Durban, 13, 36 - 37, 166, 242 - 243 Climategate, 2, 67, 152, 158 - 170, 180, 182, 242 Climate Protection Agreement, 12 Climate Research Unit (CRU), 48, 67, 120, 147, 152 - 153, 158 - 160, 162 - 163, 165 - 167, 169 Climate Science Register, 142 Climatism, definition, 2, 7 Clinton, Bill, 176, 178 Clinton Global Initiative, 176 CLOUD project, 96 Club of Rome, 21, 186 CO2Science, 59, 61 - 62, 66, 131 Coal, 19 - 20, 39 - 41, 80, 126, 128 - 129, 175, 185 - 186, 188 - 190, 192 - 196, 199 - 201, 209, 214, 217, 219, 222, 229 Coase, Ronald, 145 Coca - Cola, 138 Cogley, Graham, 156 Cohen, David, 220 Colorado State University, 117, 181 Columbia University, 7 Columbus, Christopher, 58 Computer models, 16, 51 - 53, 56, 67, 72, 74,77 - 79, 82, 87, 89 - 91, 94, 105, 110 - 111, 120, 124, 138 - 140, 168, 171,173, 181, 238, 240, 246 Conference on the Changing Atmosphere, 15 Consensus, scientific, 12 Copenhagen Business School, 134 Coral, 53 Corporate Average Fuel Economy, 22 - 23 Cosmic Rays, 72, 93 - 99, 180 Credit Suisse, 176 Crow, Cheryl, 30 Crowley, Tom, 167 Cuadrilla Resources, 224 - 225 Curry, Judith, 164, 167 Cycles, natural, 3, 16, 57, 62 - 63, 66 - 69, 72, 80, 99, 103, 138, 238, 240 Milankovich, 62, 67, 80 Cyprus, 134 Czech Republic,dioxide (CO2), 9, 18, 23, 49 - 51, 53, 55, 66 - 67, 72 - 89, 91, 98 - 99, 110, 112, 115, 118, 128 - 132, 137, 139, 141 - 144, 152, 240 emissions, 12, 18 - 25, 28 - 30, 32 - 33, 36 - 38, 41 - 44, 47, 49, 53, 55, 71 - 72, 74, 77 - 78, 81 - 82, 108 - 109, 115, 132, 139, 169, 186, 199 - 201, 203 - 204, 209 - 211, 214, 217, 219, 224, 230 - 231, 238, 241, 243 - 244 Carbon Dioxide Analysis Center, 19 Carbon Expo, 42 Carbon, footprint, 3, 13, 29, 35, 41, 45, 110, 132 tax, 20, 44, 170 trading, 13, 20, 40, 43, 44, 176, 182 Carbon monoxide (CO), 120 Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC), 44 Carlin, George, 17 Carter, Bob, 63 Carter, Jimmy, 186, 188 Cato Institute, 179 CBS, 141, 146 Center for Disease Control, 174 Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change, 62, 139 Centre for Policy Studies, 219 CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research), 96 Chavez, Hugo, 34 Chicago Tribune, 146 China, 29, 32 - 33, 60 - 62, 120, 169, 176, 187 - 188, 211, 216, 225 - 226, 242 - 243 China's National Population and Planning Commission, 33 Chinese Academy of Sciences, 60 Chirac, Jacques, 36 Chlorofluorocarbons, 42 - 43, 50 Choi, Yong - Sang, 88 Christy, John, 105 Churchill, Winston, 214, 220 Chu, Steven, 187 Citibank (Citigroup), 40, 176 Clean Air Act, 85, 128 - 129 Clean Development Mechanism, 42 Climate Action Partnership, 14 Climate alarm, 4, 13, 21, 32, 35, 38, 56, 102 - 103, 115 - 117, 120, 137, 156, 168, 173, 182 Climate Audit, 66 Climate change, adaptation, 39, 110, 112 mitigation, 16, 39, 110 Climate Change and the Failure of Democracy, 34 Climate Change: Picturing the Science, 121 Climate Change Reconsidered, 242 Climate conference, 38 Cancun, 18, 29, 36 - 37, 124 - 125, 242 Copenhagen, 33, 36, 109, 125, 156, 158, 175, 241 - 242 Durban, 13, 36 - 37, 166, 242 - 243 Climategate, 2, 67, 152, 158 - 170, 180, 182, 242 Climate Protection Agreement, 12 Climate Research Unit (CRU), 48, 67, 120, 147, 152 - 153, 158 - 160, 162 - 163, 165 - 167, 169 Climate Science Register, 142 Climatism, definition, 2, 7 Clinton, Bill, 176, 178 Clinton Global Initiative, 176 CLOUD project, 96 Club of Rome, 21, 186 CO2Science, 59, 61 - 62, 66, 131 Coal, 19 - 20, 39 - 41, 80, 126, 128 - 129, 175, 185 - 186, 188 - 190, 192 - 196, 199 - 201, 209, 214, 217, 219, 222, 229 Coase, Ronald, 145 Coca - Cola, 138 Cogley, Graham, 156 Cohen, David, 220 Colorado State University, 117, 181 Columbia University, 7 Columbus, Christopher, 58 Computer models, 16, 51 - 53, 56, 67, 72, 74,77 - 79, 82, 87, 89 - 91, 94, 105, 110 - 111, 120, 124, 138 - 140, 168, 171,173, 181, 238, 240, 246 Conference on the Changing Atmosphere, 15 Consensus, scientific, 12 Copenhagen Business School, 134 Coral, 53 Corporate Average Fuel Economy, 22 - 23 Cosmic Rays, 72, 93 - 99, 180 Credit Suisse, 176 Crow, Cheryl, 30 Crowley, Tom, 167 Cuadrilla Resources, 224 - 225 Curry, Judith, 164, 167 Cycles, natural, 3, 16, 57, 62 - 63, 66 - 69, 72, 80, 99, 103, 138, 238, 240 Milankovich, 62, 67, 80 Cyprus, 134 Czech Republic,Dioxide Analysis Center, 19 Carbon Expo, 42 Carbon, footprint, 3, 13, 29, 35, 41, 45, 110, 132 tax, 20, 44, 170 trading, 13, 20, 40, 43, 44, 176, 182 Carbon monoxide (CO), 120 Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC), 44 Carlin, George, 17 Carter, Bob, 63 Carter, Jimmy, 186, 188 Cato Institute, 179 CBS, 141, 146 Center for Disease Control, 174 Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change, 62, 139 Centre for Policy Studies, 219 CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research), 96 Chavez, Hugo, 34 Chicago Tribune, 146 China, 29, 32 - 33, 60 - 62, 120, 169, 176, 187 - 188, 211, 216, 225 - 226, 242 - 243 China's National Population and Planning Commission, 33 Chinese Academy of Sciences, 60 Chirac, Jacques, 36 Chlorofluorocarbons, 42 - 43, 50 Choi, Yong - Sang, 88 Christy, John, 105 Churchill, Winston, 214, 220 Chu, Steven, 187 Citibank (Citigroup), 40, 176 Clean Air Act, 85, 128 - 129 Clean Development Mechanism, 42 Climate Action Partnership, 14 Climate alarm, 4, 13, 21, 32, 35, 38, 56, 102 - 103, 115 - 117, 120, 137, 156, 168, 173, 182 Climate Audit, 66 Climate change, adaptation, 39, 110, 112 mitigation, 16, 39, 110 Climate Change and the Failure of Democracy, 34 Climate Change: Picturing the Science, 121 Climate Change Reconsidered, 242 Climate conference, 38 Cancun, 18, 29, 36 - 37, 124 - 125, 242 Copenhagen, 33, 36, 109, 125, 156, 158, 175, 241 - 242 Durban, 13, 36 - 37, 166, 242 - 243 Climategate, 2, 67, 152, 158 - 170, 180, 182, 242 Climate Protection Agreement, 12 Climate Research Unit (CRU), 48, 67, 120, 147, 152 - 153, 158 - 160, 162 - 163, 165 - 167, 169 Climate Science Register, 142 Climatism, definition, 2, 7 Clinton, Bill, 176, 178 Clinton Global Initiative, 176 CLOUD project, 96 Club of Rome, 21, 186 CO2Science, 59, 61 - 62, 66, 131 Coal, 19 - 20, 39 - 41, 80, 126, 128 - 129, 175, 185 - 186, 188 - 190, 192 - 196, 199 - 201, 209, 214, 217, 219, 222, 229 Coase, Ronald, 145 Coca - Cola, 138 Cogley, Graham, 156 Cohen, David, 220 Colorado State University, 117, 181 Columbia University, 7 Columbus, Christopher, 58 Computer models, 16, 51 - 53, 56, 67, 72, 74,77 - 79, 82, 87, 89 - 91, 94, 105, 110 - 111, 120, 124, 138 - 140, 168, 171,173, 181, 238, 240, 246 Conference on the Changing Atmosphere, 15 Consensus, scientific, 12 Copenhagen Business School, 134 Coral, 53 Corporate Average Fuel Economy, 22 - 23 Cosmic Rays, 72, 93 - 99, 180 Credit Suisse, 176 Crow, Cheryl, 30 Crowley, Tom, 167 Cuadrilla Resources, 224 - 225 Curry, Judith, 164, 167 Cycles, natural, 3, 16, 57, 62 - 63, 66 - 69, 72, 80, 99, 103, 138, 238, 240 Milankovich, 62, 67, 80 Cyprus, 134 Czech Republic,Dioxide and Global Change, 62, 139 Centre for Policy Studies, 219 CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research), 96 Chavez, Hugo, 34 Chicago Tribune, 146 China, 29, 32 - 33, 60 - 62, 120, 169, 176, 187 - 188, 211, 216, 225 - 226, 242 - 243 China's National Population and Planning Commission, 33 Chinese Academy of Sciences, 60 Chirac, Jacques, 36 Chlorofluorocarbons, 42 - 43, 50 Choi, Yong - Sang, 88 Christy, John, 105 Churchill, Winston, 214, 220 Chu, Steven, 187 Citibank (Citigroup), 40, 176 Clean Air Act, 85, 128 - 129 Clean Development Mechanism, 42 Climate Action Partnership, 14 Climate alarm, 4, 13, 21, 32, 35, 38, 56, 102 - 103, 115 - 117, 120, 137, 156, 168, 173, 182 Climate Audit, 66 Climate change, adaptation, 39, 110, 112 mitigation, 16, 39, 110 Climate Change and the Failure of Democracy, 34 Climate Change: Picturing the Science, 121 Climate Change Reconsidered, 242 Climate conference, 38 Cancun, 18, 29, 36 - 37, 124 - 125, 242 Copenhagen, 33, 36, 109, 125, 156, 158, 175, 241 - 242 Durban, 13, 36 - 37, 166, 242 - 243 Climategate, 2, 67, 152, 158 - 170, 180, 182, 242 Climate Protection Agreement, 12 Climate Research Unit (CRU), 48, 67, 120, 147, 152 - 153, 158 - 160, 162 - 163, 165 - 167, 169 Climate Science Register, 142 Climatism, definition, 2, 7 Clinton, Bill, 176, 178 Clinton Global Initiative, 176 CLOUD project, 96 Club of Rome, 21, 186 CO2Science, 59, 61 - 62, 66, 131 Coal, 19 - 20, 39 - 41, 80, 126, 128 - 129, 175, 185 - 186, 188 - 190, 192 - 196, 199 - 201, 209, 214, 217, 219, 222, 229 Coase, Ronald, 145 Coca - Cola, 138 Cogley, Graham, 156 Cohen, David, 220 Colorado State University, 117, 181 Columbia University, 7 Columbus, Christopher, 58 Computer models, 16, 51 - 53, 56, 67, 72, 74,77 - 79, 82, 87, 89 - 91, 94, 105, 110 - 111, 120, 124, 138 - 140, 168, 171,173, 181, 238, 240, 246 Conference on the Changing Atmosphere, 15 Consensus, scientific, 12 Copenhagen Business School, 134 Coral, 53 Corporate Average Fuel Economy, 22 - 23 Cosmic Rays, 72, 93 - 99, 180 Credit Suisse, 176 Crow, Cheryl, 30 Crowley, Tom, 167 Cuadrilla Resources, 224 - 225 Curry, Judith, 164, 167 Cycles, natural, 3, 16, 57, 62 - 63, 66 - 69, 72, 80, 99, 103, 138, 238, 240 Milankovich, 62, 67, 80 Cyprus, 134 Czech Republic, 12, 37

The allocated resources are spent on subsidizing costly technologies — for example, deep underground sequestration of carbon dioxide produced in power stations — that reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, or placing a tax on activities that produce carbon emissions.

Then - Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger was pushing for a carbon cap - and - trade program; still, the law's language allowed the ARB to consider a variety of methods for regulating greenhouse gas emissions, including a tax or fee on carbon dioxide.

From the article: «The tax, which rose from 10 Canadian dollars per ton of carbon dioxide in 2008 to 30 dollars by 2012, the equivalent of about $ 22.20 in current United States dollars, reduced emissions by 5 to 15 percent with «negligible effects on aggregate economic performance,» according to a study last year by economists at Duke University and the University of Ottawa.»

Notably, environmental dispatch would only work within existing markets without major disruption if operators apply a «price» for carbon dioxide emissions (a carbon tax).

Symons, E. J., Proops, J., and Gay, P. (1994) Carbon Taxes, Consumer Demand and Carbon Dioxide Emissions: A Simulation Analysis for the UK.

introduced the «Managed Carbon Price Act of 2012» (MCP), a bill imposing a tax on carbon dioxide - equivalent greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from producers of coal, oil, and natural gas, refineries, and other covered sources.

ExxonMobil should also be strongly urged to go beyond its tepid support for a carbon tax and use its political muscle to push for policies that will result in significant emissions reductions and safer levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Some people think a tax on carbon dioxide is a better solution, but that would require large companies to pay for their carbon emissions.

In a sharp change from its cautious approach in the past, the National Academy of Sciences on Wednesday called for taxes on carbon emissions, a cap - and - trade program for such emissions or some other strong action to curb runaway global warming.Such actions, which would increase the cost of using coal and petroleum — at least in the immediate future — are necessary because «climate change is occurring, the Earth is warming... concentrations of carbon dioxide are increasing, and there are very clear fingerprints that link [those effects] to humans,» said Pamela A. Matson of Stanford University, who chaired one of five panels organized by the academy at the request of Congress to look at the science of climate change and how the nation should respond.

Because carbon - dioxide emissions make for a «terrible tax base,» he said.

A carbon tax, by contrast, does not set a cap on emissions, but rather sets a price to penalize carbon dioxide emissions.

For the avoidance of doubt, Gross Revenues shall (A) exclude monies received from any source other than the sale of electric energy and capacity, including, without limitation, any of the following: (i) any federal, state, county or local tax benefits, grants or credits or allowances related to, derived from, or granted to the Wind Energy Project or Grantee, including, but not limited to, investment or production tax credits, or property or sales tax exemptions, (ii) proceeds from financing activities, sales, assignments, partial assignments, contracts (other than the power purchase agreement) or other dispositions of or related to the Wind Energy Project (such as damages for breach of contract or liquidated damages for delays in project completion or failures in equipment performance), (iii) amounts received as reimbursements or compensation for wheeling costs or other electricity transmission or delivery costs, and (iv) any proceeds received by Grantee as a result of damage or casualty to the Wind Energy Project, or any portion thereof and (B) include any revenues derived from Grantee's sale of carbon dioxide trading credits, renewable energy credits or certificates, emissions reduction credits, emissions allowances, green tags, tradable renewable credits, or Green - e ® products, any of which are allocated to Grantee, if applicable, through its participation in any voluntary registry, association or market - based exchange.