Sentences with phrase «direct solar observation»
In addition to its direct solar observation, SOHO has enabled the discovery of large numbers of comets, mostly very tiny sungrazing comets which incinerate as they pass the Sun.
http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/ Not exact matches
These STEREO observations provide the first direct measurements of the inner boundary of the heliosphere — the giant bubble sparsely filled with solar particles that surrounds the sun and all the planets.
«Because the field lines are closed, the observations are incompatible with direct entry from the solar wind.
Measurements of surface chemical composition, either by direct sampling (as has been done on Earth, the moon, and Mars) or through spectroscopic observations, can be used to estimate elemental abundances and the degree of chemical differentiation that occurred as the planets condensed from the solar nebula.
While this leads to an elevation in the level of scientific understanding from very low in the TAR to low in this assessment, uncertainties remain large because of the lack of direct observations and incomplete understanding of solar variability mechanisms over long time scales.»
Over the last 30 years of direct satellite observation of the Earth's climate, many natural influences including orbital variations, solar and volcanic activity, and oceanic conditions like El Nino (ENSO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) have either had no effect or promoted cooling conditions.
High - resolution observations are presented based on direct imaging, two - dimensional spectropolarimetry with Fabry - Pérot interferometers, and scanning long - slit spectrographs to introduce some of the science cases for high - resolution solar physics: (1) statistical properties of flows in and around pores and sunspots, (2) chromospheric dynamics associated with newly emerging flux, and (3) flare diagnostics from near - infrared spectropolarimetry.
This European Space Agency (ESA) satellite for direct - pointing and lunar - occultation observation of X-ray sources beyond the solar system was launched into a highly eccentric orbit (apogee 200,000 km, perigee 500 km) almost perpendicular to that of the moon on May 26, 1983.
We only have direct observations of total solar irradiance (TSI) since the beginning of the satellite era and substantial evidence for variations in the level of solar activity (from cosmogenic isotopes or sunspot records) in the past.
While this leads to an elevation in the level of scientific understanding from very low in the TAR to low in this assessment, uncertainties remain large because of the lack of direct observations and incomplete understanding of solar variability mechanisms over long time scales.»
Using the known amplification of the solar cycle (and presumably the long term trend) in the UV band, allowing stratospheric temperatures and circulation patterns to adjust and including the direct radiative forcings from the sun and volcanoes, we found that it gave temperature anomalies and spatial patterns that were in fair agreement with the observations (Shindell et al, 2003).
One might point out that our understanding of solar cycles comes from direct observation of approximately only 250 - some years.
Taking into account the problems of the reconstruction of the TSI and SSI during the recent period of satellite observations and combining it with the fact that the solar dynamo, which is believed to drive all activity manifestations, is still not fully understood (Charbonneau 2010), one recognizes the difficulty of reconstructing the TSI and SSI into the past, when no direct measurements were available.