By enabling communication
between distant parts of the body, they coordinate complex and vital bodily processes like growth, metabolism, fertility, immune responses and even behavior.
The tumors are locally invasive and spread (metastasize) to the adjacent lymph nodes (glands) as well to
more distant parts of the body such as the lungs.
Furthermore, it has been shown that the body's natural process of healing the wound created by surgery can actually spur these residual cancer cells to metastasize to
distant parts of the body and form new growths.
The invading cancer cell relies on the cycle of invadopodium formation / disappearance to successfully travel from the tumor and enter nearby blood vessels to be carried to
distant parts of the body.
Since the immune system does not normally attack its own platelets, the camouflage provides safe passage to the cancer cells as they migrate to
distant parts of the body.
For more than a century, scientists had known that individual cancer cells can metastasize, leaving a tumor and migrating through the bloodstream and lymph system to
distant parts of the body.
The command center for our endocrine glands is in our brain — the hypothalamus and pituitary glands — and they send signals to
distant parts of the body to control everything from our stress response through our adrenal glands to our blood sugar balance through our pancreas to our thyroid hormone via our thyroid gland to our sexual behavior and function through our reproductive organs.
These tumors have very often spread to
distant parts of the body (metastasized) by the time they are first noticed, making complete surgical removal impossible.
Although it is unusual for these cancers to spread to
distant parts of the body (metastasize), many are locally invasive.
This type of tumor (a papillary squamous cell carcinoma) is locally invasive and aggressive, but does not spread to
distant parts of the body.