There is no question but that this image of God as king poses serious difficulties for process theism, for it not only highlights elements of
divine coercion but offers a coherent account of their presence.
There is only
divine coercion, a divine sentence of death for the disobedient creature.
«The creation of this universe did not entail
divine coercion.
If God would use coercive power if it were available, then there are, in principle, times when divine persuasion plus
divine coercion would bring about more worthwhile results.
Almost all of their explicit discussions of
divine coercion center on the question of whether God can coerce in the strong sense — i.e., whether God can totally divest another entity of all power of self - determination.
But
divine coercion, God tells us, «whether limited or unlimited, is incompatible with divine perfection.»
Young believes that Whitehead's conception of god is supportive of liberation struggles because it takes contextualization seriously by making God responsive to actual conditions of the world without resort to
divine coercion.
On the other hand, man too is active, but his activity is also in love; he responds freely to the love which is given him and in that response he knows that he is truly «being himself», for he was intended by his creation to be a responding lover and in no sense a marionette pulled by strings manipulated by God — certainly not the victim of
the divine coercion.
If we understand creatio ex nihilo, the Incarnation, miracles, and the Last Judgment in orthodox ways, then these doctrines seem to require
divine coercion..
Not exact matches
Not only is Basinger unable to make
divine coercionb intelligible, he also appears to be wrong in implying that the traditional God does not exercise
coercion in the strong sense of unilateral determination.
(Liberal religion refers to open and ongoing revelation, interconnected relationship grounded in love and never
coercion, an understanding of our responsibility to assist the arc of the moral universe in bending toward justice, and our understanding that there are resources both human and
divine that make it possible for us to do so.
Like effective and respectful therapy, persuasion brings about new wants and aims, but it does so, not by
coercion or by frustrating desires, but by opening new possibilities, which is the result of
divine «creativity.»
If we must use
coercion, then let us know that we are doing so; let us admit honestly that insofar as this is done we are not obeying the perfect
divine will; let us recognize that at best the use of such force is a pis - aller, not the entirely right thing.
If we assume, as we presently do, that the primary goal of both God and concerned humans is to maximize freedom (creativity) for the greatest number, it is the following query with which we must be concerned: Do continuous
divine persuasion and occasional human
coercion, in conjunction, better maximize freedom than would continuous
divine persuasion alone?
On the other hand, if the answer is yes — that is, if
divine persuasion alone does not maximize human freedom to the extent that such persuasion and divinely approved human
coercion does — then it is difficult to see why the process God would not use coercive power if this were an option.
But if process theists really do believe that some
coercion would not only be preferable but required at the
divine level if it were possible, then it appears that they must also acknowledge that the God of process theism would coerce if this were an option.
Along with the insights of Charles Hartshorne, Whitehead's concept of persuasion (in contrast to
coercion) has formed the basis for development of both
divine and social images of power.
Since human
coercion has absolutely no intrinsic value within a process system (in fact, is an intrinsic evil), it would appear that if
divine persuasion is maximally effective alone, process theists should be pacifists.
But they must then give up the claim that
coercion is morally «incompatible with
divine perfection» and the claim that persuasion is always the «greatest of all powers and «the only power capable of worthwhile results.»
It firmly opposes those views which from its perspective imply certain kinds of
coercion within
divine power.
At the ontological level, the level of efficient causality,
divine persuasion is not operative; «forbearance would mean non-existence...» But once humanity is created and God resolves to relate himself to humankind in terms of persuasion and not
coercion, God «would have to be uncertain about a number of details of the future... and in some respects unable to accomplish his will at all.»
Conceived of on the model of tenderness rather than
coercion, God «dwells in» and «relies upon» the workings of lower dimensions of cosmic emergence in order to realize the
divine adventure toward intensity of feeling and enjoyment of beauty.
Thus intercessory prayer becomes, not a substitute for action in ourselves or a form of
coercion upon God, but a channel to the widest
divine - human co-operation.
Browning bases his study on Hartshorne's process theism, and it is appropriate to interpret his theory of the
divine imposition of the laws of nature in terms of
coercion.
But its power of
coercion does not extend to the affairs of eternal life and it therefore must maintain and respect the right of the church, under the Word of God, to regulate preaching, the administration of the sacraments, absolution, excommunication, and the ordering of
divine services.