«Even 5 years ago, most people considered
doing microbiota analysis untouchable, unless that was the expertise in their lab,» Franklin says.
How much
does the microbiota influence the host's phenotype?
One of the most interesting answers to be had to that question, as it relates specifically to the microbiota, comes from a research paper published in The Journal of Gut in 2014, and this study wanted to look at what
does the microbiota, again the microbiota being the world of bacteria that live in your gut, what is the difference between an elite rugby player compared to just a regular average Joe.
[10] McLean, M. H., et al. «
Does the microbiota play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases?.»
Not exact matches
How
do the microbes within cheese interact with the natural
microbiota of the human gut and can cheese be used to assist in maintaining a healthy gut
microbiota?
The rest is Inulin (not Insulin), which is not a carb, so doesn't contribute calories for you, but
does fee the
microbiota in your tummy.
The ocular surface
microbiota of those who wore contact lenses was more skin - like compared to those who
did not wear lenses.
Now, this crowd is mostly good guys, and they
do important work, to the extent that some scientists advocate classifying these collective
microbiota as its own organ.
«We assume that this is because if we reduce inflammation, we improve immune function, and if we improve immune function, we maintain the ability to farm a healthy gut
microbiota, but we don't know for sure yet,» Bowdish says.
A deep global analysis of the gut
microbiota composition was
done by phylogenetic microarray analysis using a Human Intestinal Tract Chip (HITChip), an analytical device designed specifically for studying gut bacteria.
People with diets high in fat, for example, have a different
microbiota than
do vegans, though in humans it is far more difficult to identify a core
microbiota.
They observed that emulsifier consumption changed the species composition of the gut
microbiota and
did so in a manner that made it more pro-inflammatory.
However, inulin didn't restore the
microbiota levels to those of mice fed a chow diet.
Biologists have studied the termite gut
microbiota for more than a century, but they have disagreed over one important question: How
did termite gut bacteria evolve?
And while protozoa are a normal part of rumen
microbiota, their temporary removal doesn't appear to harm the animals.»
However, urine (as a reflection of the bladder
microbiota) from healthy individuals
does contain extensive numbers of bacteria, which are not routinely cultivated by clinical microbiology laboratories, but can be identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing (Nelson et al., 2010; Siddiqui et al., 2011; Wolfe et al., 2012).
Single Sampling Versus Multiple Testing Strategy to Assess Gut
Microbiota Composition:
Does It Matter?
We still
do not know whether certain DNA variations can result in the assembling and perpetuation of specific
microbiota profiles, and this may bear important implications for the potential to treat common diseases through therapeutic modification of the gut flora.»
However, when the microbiome was destroyed, some of the host mouse's genes that normally don't exhibit circadian rhythms took over for the rhythms of the
microbiota.
The
microbiota in our gastrointestinal tract brings hundreds of genes that
do that for us.
Conclusions: In an analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and intestinal tissues from patients with inflammatory bowel diseases vs controls, we found that reactivity to intestinal bacteria is a normal property of the human CD4 + T - cell repertoire, and
does not necessarily indicate disrupted interactions between immune cells and the commensal
microbiota.
To
do this, they colonized the intestines of germ - free mice with a synthetic human gut
microbiota and exposed the mice to either a plant fiber - free diet or a plant fiber - rich diet.
So in terms of
microbiota,
does that actually express itself, or
did the study note, or have you seen that expressed in terms of a change in gut function in athletes?
We sometimes don't think about things like sleep or stress being able to affect the
microbiota, but they all feed in together and have an effect.
So
does having a diverse
microbiota actually express itself from a functional standpoint?
How
do the microbes within cheese interact with the natural
microbiota of the human gut and can cheese be used to assist in maintaining a healthy gut
microbiota?
Fungi, archaea and protozoa also are part of your
microbiota, but little is known about what they
do.
Stress doesn't only change the physiological function of the gut, it also changes the composition of our
microbiota.
Conclusions: We demonstrated that rifaximin, neither disrupts the overall biostructure of the human
microbiota nor exerts any cytotoxic or genotoxic activities, but it
does provoke changes in bacterial metabolism and bifidobacterial numbers that support a functional advantage to the host.
You might be wondering what intermittent fasting has to
do with
microbiota?
Your oral
microbiota speak with your immune system just like they
do in your gut.
Did you know about the role of the
microbiota in cardiovascular disease?
GF mice have been shown to have increased plasma tryptophan concentrations, 47, 48 which can be normalized following post-weaning colonization.47 Resident gut bacteria can utilize tryptophan for growth229 and in some cases, production of indole, 230, 231 or serotonin (reviewed by O'Mahony and colleagues95), while the
microbiota might also affect tryptophan availability by influencing host enzymes responsible for its degradation.47 By limiting the availability of tryptophan for serotonin production in the CNS (EC - derived serotonin
does not cross the BBB), the gut
microbiota could influence serotonergic neurotransmission.95 In vulnerable populations, reducing the circulating concentrations of tryptophan has been shown to affect mood, and to reinstate depressive symptoms in patients who have successfully responded to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.232, 233 The gut
microbiota could also influence the production of both neuroprotective and neurotoxic components of the kynurenine pathway.224
The single most important thing you can
do to preserve your gut
microbiota is to eat enough prebiotic fiber.
To
do so I would like to return to my discussion of the paper «Role of gut
microbiota and nutrients in amyloid formation and pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease» by Pistollato et al (2).
Nutrition Research (2015); Esteve, E., et al. «Gut
microbiota interactions with obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes:
did gut microbiote co-evolve with insulin resistance?»
Essentially what you are
doing by increasing vegetable diversity and consumption, is providing enough varying substrate to bloom beneficial
microbiota thereby increasing its diversity which is associated with improved health, wellness, and vitality.
Not only
does alcohol abuse alter the gut
microbiota, it can cause gut permeability, also known as leaky gut syndrome.
All of these parts work together with trillions of bacteria (your
microbiota) to turn the food you eat into the fuel your body needs, and the waste it
does not.
only way 2 know what's going on would be to
do longitudinal sampling of the gut
microbiota throughout your intervention.
However, since these studies are not
done in «healthy» children, with an already healthy
microbiota, it's hard to extrapolate the findings to the healthy adult population.
They are
doing the direct research into what makes your
microbiota happy, and have some amazing findings based in good science.
They've
done a lot of work to start to understand the role of diet in this realm, and what they're finding is that a diet rich in dietary fiber (plant matter) helps to keep the
microbiota happy.