The differentiation of substances as pharmaceuticals, drugs, hormones or
doping agents does not seem to stem from the effects or dangers they have for individuals or society.
The difference, however, is that professionals often use enhancement drugs (eg steroids,
doping agents) that keep the thyroid gland producing and hormone levels high even while dieting, thus making the fat loss process possible.
However,
doping agents are often no longer biologically detectable at this time if they have been taken long before.
A German television reporter posing as swimming coach went to a Chinese hospital, asked about gene doping and was offered injections of stem cells, which, by WADA's definition, are gene -
doping agents [source: Klein].
Synthetic
doping agents use the larger molecule, while the body normally makes both the larger and the smaller isotopes.
Rather than ordinary spot - testing approaches, which look for unnatural ratios between biological constituents in a single sample or for direct chemical evidence of known
doping agents, the passport allows investigators to see the big picture — any deviations from the rider's test - established norm that might result from doping, even if the specific drug or tactic remains unknown.
EPO, which has notoriously been used as
a doping agent in competitive sports, can be produced commercially and used as an anaemia treatment, but it is expensive.
Not exact matches
The whistleblower who exposed Russia's systematic
doping of Olympic athletes has been warned by U.S. officials that Russian
agents may be inside the United States looking for him and that new security measures needed to be taken to insure his safety, the lawyer for the whistleblower tells Yahoo News.
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agent among top performers so far Picture: Liverpool defender Mamadou Sakho rebuilding reputation following
doping offence
Zlatan Ibrahimovic's
agent says the Paris Saint - Germain striker will sue a Swedish doctor who made
doping allegations.
Autologous blood
doping has been extraordinarily difficult to police because it uses no extraneous
agents.
Then, in 2012, he got a lifetime ban for
doping, for using among other things the blood - oxygen - boosting
agent erythropoietin (EPO).
Fluorescent and luminescent materials, such as yttrium aluminum garnet
doped with different metal ions (rare earths or transition metals), have found applicability in various fields, from optoelectronics (i.e.: lighting systems, LCDs, CRTs, lasers) to aerospace (i.e: thermal barriers) and biotechnological applications (i.e.: fluorescence marker, contrast
agent in medical imaging, imaging screens, drug delivery etc).
For example, Doc's nemesis, LAPD Detective Lieutenant Christian «Bigfoot» Bjornsen (Josh Brolin), is first seen in a television ad costumed in «hippie» gear promoting the «Channel View Estates» housing development; Coy Harlington (Owen Wilson), a musician and former
dope addict, now supposedly an undercover government
agent, is first glimpsed in a family photo taken by his ex-junkie wife Hope (Jena Malone); Mickey Wolfmann stares out at us from a newspaper photograph before he makes his one and only appearance in corporeal form late in the film; hit man Adrian Prussia (Peter McRobbie) first appears to us in FBI photo files.
He has advised and acted for a number of sporting organisations in commercial claims, disciplinary and
doping hearings, footballers» and
agents» contracts and transfer fees, sports» sponsorship cases.