Sentences with phrase «dorsal region»

Attention to threatening material relevant to self differentially activated a more dorsal region of the left inferior frontal gyrus (BA 44).

The dorsal region spontaneously developed three layers along the dorsal - ventral axis: the ventricular zone, a Purkinje - cell precursor zone, and a rhombic lip zone.

Not exact matches

Some of the specific brain regions that sprang into action when Kurzweil was thinking outside the box: the dorsal anterior cingulate, which lies in the frontal lobes deep inside the brain, just above the band of fibers that connect the two hemispheres; the back part of the parietal lobes; and the right cerebellum, a cauliflower - shaped structure that lies at the base of the brain.

The salience network is a collection of brain regions that determine which stimuli are deserving of our attention, while the dorsal attention network plays an important role in focus and attentiveness.

In particular, the researchers found that general intelligence was associated with how efficiently the dorsal attention network is functionally organized used a measure called small - world propensity, which describes how well the neural network is connected within locally clustered regions as well as across globally integrated systems.

Besides the dorsal cortex, researchers were able to grow, among other regions, parts of the ventral forebrain, which makes neurons that connect to the cortex, and the choroid plexus, which generates spinal fluid.

This is a skeleton of a juvenile specimen of an Asian elephant with a stiff vertebral column, due to the long thorax with many ribs, the short lumbar ribless region (behind the thorax) and the dorsal spines that are all backward pointing.

«Individuals may overeat,» Stice and his colleagues concluded, «to compensate for a hypofunctioning dorsal striatum, particularly those with genetic polymorphisms thought to attenuate dopamine signaling in this region.»

Next steps for the researchers are to explore different regions of the brain with this sensor, including the dorsal raphe, which produces most of the brain's serotonin.

In a 2010 study, psychiatrist Yvette Sheline and colleagues at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, found that these overactive networks converged on a common point in a region called the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex.

The brain regions they used to make those choices were also different: for individuals with anorexia nervosa, choices about what to eat were associated with activation in the dorsal striatum, a brain region known to be related to habitual control of actions.

When the scientists studied a region of the rats» brains called the dorsal striatum, they also found striking differences between the two groups.

When they were thinking about mathematical subjects, a dorsal frontoparietal network of the brain was activated, a network which showed no overlap with the language regions.

When humans are torn between paying attention to two different things, it triggers a «conflict» circuit in a brain region called the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) which is part of a larger brain structure controlling rational thought and emotions.

Dorsal binds to the regulatory region or «enhancer» of a gene called rhomboid; the element has been well studied and is known to be a fairly typical example of an enhancer region.

Monkeys typically find other monkeys impossible to ignore, and this experiment was no exception: the monkeys often failed at the reward task because they looked at the faces, especially if the faces depicted emotion.When humans are torn between paying attention to two different things, it triggers a «conflict» circuit in a brain region called the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) which is part of a larger brain structure controlling rational thought and emotions.Using a tiny sensor implanted in the dACCs of the monkeys, Platt's group was able to measure the electrical activity of single neurons.

The cerebral cortex is the brain's CEO; it regulates higher - order functions such as motor learning and attention through its connections to brain structures such as the dorsal striatum, which is historically divided into just four regions.

A mask of a priori selected regions (dorsal and ventral striatum) and those from thalamus and midbrain (including the subthalamic nucleus) was created using the digital anatomical brain atlases provided with the MRIcro software (www.cabiatl.com/mricro/).

A region of interest analysis revealed additional monitoring related dorsal striatal coupling with left anterior hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus.

In trance, brain networks displayed notable reconfigurations, including increased connectivity in regions associated with internal thought (the default mode's posterior cingulate cortex) and cognitive control (dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and insula), as well as decreased connectivity within the brainstem and auditory pathway.

Lastly, younger adults activated additional non-default areas for the more demanding specific AM task, including regions of the dorsal and ventral attention networks.

There was a significant absolute reduction in binding in regions that receive projections from medullary 5 - HT neurons but do not contain 5 - HT neurons, ie, the hypoglossal nucleus (upper airway patency)(38 % reduction), the nucleus of the solitary tract (visceral sensory input)(29 % reduction), and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (preganglionic parasympathetic outflow)(55 % reduction).

Alzheimer's disease, in contrast, reduced Default Mode Network connectivity to posterior hippocampus, medial cingulo - parieto - occipital regions and the dorsal raphe nucleus, but intensified Salience Network connectivity.

In rostral brain regions, high expression levels in the dorsal lateral striatum, while in the caudal brain regions, high levels are observed in the ventral lateral striatum (PubMed: 10891614).

Specifically, FC decreases were identified in regions implicated in episodic memory (EM) processing (posteromedial cortex, ventral medial prefrontal cortex, and angular gyrus), whereas connectivity increases were detected in dorsal and anterior medial prefrontal and lateral temporal cortices.

Importantly, in grafted animals, preservation of the ONL and light - induced c - Fos expression in the INL and GCL was restricted to the dorsal retina, the region where iPS - RPE cells had been injected (Fig. 9B).

In addition to previously mentioned differences (Figure 5b, c), we show that average modules corresponding to the ventral and dorsal attention brain regions are quite different than those found using module specific SI in Figure 4.

Importantly, the preservation of light - induced c - Fos expression was restricted to the dorsal retina, surrounding the region of iPS - RPE cell injection only, suggesting preservation of localised neural activation corresponding to the histology of rhodopsin expression.

The linear and quadratic age - related effects were predominantly located in the regions of network borders, e.g. default mode, ventral attention, dorsal attention and frontoparietal network.

Given findings linking subjective ratings of desire to dorsal anterior cingulate activation, psychophysiological interaction analysis was conducted with dorsal cingulate as the seed region (coordinates x y z = 0 8 38 mm, radius = 10 mm) contrasting explicit — exciting videos.

Carbohydrate which has been directly assessed (not deduced by subtraction of other components from total weight of sample) is significant in amount, reaching levels in the range 8 — 30 %, except in the anterior dorsal and ventral regions (head) where levels are 6 % and < 1 %, respectively.

It usually happens Because of the hypersensitivity due to the damage on spinothalamic pathways and / or dorsal horn neurons Abnormal sensitivity in head, shoulder, neck, axillar and sternal regions is prominent in several patients with syringomyelia but pain severity is not directly correlated with the amount of the fluid inside the spinal cord.

Henry exhibited pain upon spinal palpation of the lumbar and lumbosacral regions and pain with dorsal pressure on rectal exam.

Dorsal fin nearly triangular to distinctly falcate, usually black with lighter grayish region of varying size near middle, tip pointed.

From the photographs collected of individual sharks» dorsal fins, which have unique marks and jagged edges, the researchers estimate that there are 219 adult and sub-adult white sharks in the region.

Moreover, the three particular regions that lit up more in sex addicts» brains — the ventral striatum, dorsal anterior cingulate and amygdala — are regions known to be involved in reward, motivation and craving.»

At a second point in time, their brains were scanned while they participated in a virtual social task in the scanner, during which they were gradually excluded from the social interaction; this paradigm has previously been found to provoke significant social distress that is correlated with activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC)(31), a brain region associated with monitoring threat.

A recent fMRI study showed that the MAOA genotype at risk for impulsivity and violent behavior is associated with reduced gray matter volumes in limbic regions such as the amygdala, dorsal anterior cingulated cortex (dACC), and subgenual ACC and greater amygdala and subgenual ACC responsivity to negative emotional faces [25].

Because of the associated sensitivity to potential rejection and a strong desire for closeness, anxious attachment, rather than secure attachment, should trigger stronger neural activation in response to negative emotional faces in the brain regions implicated in processing social rejection (i.e., dorsal ACC, anterior insula, Gillath et al., 2005) and regions implicated in threat detection (i.e., amygdala, Vrtička et al., 2008) when primed with neutral schema.

Given their typical age of onset, a broad range of mental disorders are increasingly being understood as the result of aberrations of developmental processes that normally occur in the adolescent brain.4 — 6 Executive functioning, and its neurobiological substrate, the prefrontal cortex, matures during adolescence.5 The relatively late maturation of executive functioning is adaptive in most cases, underpinning characteristic adolescent behaviours such as social interaction, risk taking and sensation seeking which promote successful adult development and independence.6 However, in some cases it appears that the delayed maturation of prefrontal regulatory regions leads to the development of mental illness, with neurobiological studies indicating a broad deficit in executive functioning which precedes and underpins a range of psychopathology.7 A recent meta - analysis of neuroimaging studies focusing on a range of psychotic and non-psychotic mental illnesses found that grey matter loss in the dorsal anterior cingulate, and left and right insula, was common across diagnoses.8 In a healthy sample, this study also demonstrated that lower grey matter in these regions was found to be associated with deficits in executive functioning performance.