Sentences with phrase «downward by diffusion»

Not exact matches

Once the heated layer becomes more than a few centimeters thick, the heat loss of the skin layer due to downward conduction of heat by diffusion stops having any significant effect on the surface temperature, since rock is such a good insulator that the heat flux by conduction in rock is tiny compared to the heat loss by infrared radiation out the top.

I know much less about heat transport below 700m, but I think its caused mainly by large scale scale circulation and Ekman transport much more than downward diffusion.

Processes taken into account included (i) air mixing by pressure and temperature gradients down to a few meters below the surface (i.e., the so - called convection zone); (ii) molecular diffusion in the open pore space and gravitational fractionation (entrainment toward the deeper firn depends on concentration gradients, diffusivities, and molar mass); and (iii) a downward air flux in the open porosity zone due to bubble closure removing air from the open pores.