Click Here to learn more about plate tectonics and
the drifting of our continents.
The sun and moon tug on the planet, while
the drift of continents, changes in ocean currents, and the rebounding of the crust since the retreat of ice age glaciers all shift mass around, altering Earth's moment of inertia and therefore its spin.
Sometime in the long slow
drift of continents following the breakup of Gondwanaland — conditions became ripe for the repeated glacials and interglacials that we have seen for the past few million years.
Not exact matches
Lebouvier's case is among a growing wave
of de-baptisms in Europe, one
of the most visible manifestations
of the
continent's secular
drift.
The laborers in the manufacturing centers which arose around the new industries, especially on the
Continent of Europe, tended to
drift away from the Church.
In the course
of billions
of years
continents break up,
drift apart, and are pushed back together again.
It offers a snapshot
of a time when present - day North China sat in the tropics,
drifting north toward the core
of the Asian
continent.
NASA's Revisionist View
of the Moon's Makeup: It's Crunchy on the Outside, Chewy at the Center Compared with Earth, with its erupting volcanoes and
drifting continents, the moon looks awfully static.
But millions
of years ago the
continents began to shift, and Madagascar
drifted out to sea toward its present - day location in the Indian Ocean, some 250 miles off the eastern coast
of Africa.
The amber lens even offers a glimpse into continental
drift: a resin - gripped honeypot ant, now resident only in Australia, indicates that that big island down under and the present
continent of South America were once one landmass.
During the Mesozoic,
drifting continents and fluctuating sea levels created a dynamic global system, influencing the distribution
of animals and the evolution
of terrestrial ecosystems.
Rock My World Students conduct a hands - on experiment demonstrating the formation
of continents and continental
drift.
Students explore theories
of how the
continents and oceans formed (Pangaea and continental
drift).
You're able to
drift across
continents and languages, suspending the operation
of sound thought.
My eyes settle on old map
of Africa that hangs on the wall and the mind begins to
drift dreamily towards unexplored corners
of the
continent.
Our hearts beat to the rhythms
of biological time and
continents drift in geological time, while we set our watches to the precision
of Naval time.
Pangea (also the title
of a work in the exhibition by Lance Turner) is geology's name for the primal, unified landmass, which has since broken into today's separate
continents by the subterranean
drift of the earth's tectonic plates; as this apocalyptic year
of 2012 progresses, the work brought together in this combined seven - artist show will undergo its own continental
drift, and the meaning
of each individual artistic practice will become more apparent.
In this show, great
continents of meaning and physicality coalesce,
drifting in the pools
of a history that is at once catastrophic and triumphant, where truth is extracted from the global as a testament to the durability
of individuality.
The Saatchi Gallery's latest exhibition brings together the work
of 16 contemporary South American and African artists, connecting the two
continents by reminding us
of the supercontinent they once comprised over 200 million years ago, before continental
drift: Pangaea.
If there were other bursts
of radiation, other clouds
drifting across seas and
continents, would other beings follow me into this vast new world?
Roughly, I'd guess the debates over global climate change took place largely between 1981 and 1995; a good bit shorter than the debates over continental
drift, but then there was less radical about the idea
of global climate change — it was already known that the planet's climate had changed in the past, so the idea that it might be changing in the present was less radical than the idea that the vast
continents might, in fact, be
drifting like huge floating islands.
About 40 years after the first edition
of The Origin
of Continents and Oceans was published, the first evidence
of rock magnetism and sea floor spreading emerged, and a new generation
of geologists, who had grown up outside
of the old debates, began to accept the theory
of continental
drift.
But sometimes consensus just means that there is a consensus
of skeptics (e.g., Wegener's theory
of continental
drift was proposed in 1912 based on
continent shapes but was not widely accepted until 50 years later because the smoking gun — deep sea rifts — hadn't been discovered) or there is consensus because the data is overwhelming (e.g., descent with modification).
To conduct the research, a team
of scientists led by John Fasullo
of the US National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado, combined data from three sources: NASA's GRACE satellites, which make detailed measurements
of Earth's gravitational field, enabling scientists to monitor changes in the mass
of continents; the Argo global array
of 3,000 free -
drifting floats, which measure the temperature and salinity
of the upper layers
of the oceans; and satellite - based altimeters that are continuously calibrated against a network
of tide gauges.
But geologists soundly denounced Wegener's theory
of continental
drift after he published the details in a 1915 book called «The Origin
of Continents and Oceans.»
You could argue I suppose that continental
drift played a factor and that is an internal forcing but frankly, if you have to move a
continent to make my assertion false, I'm no more concerned than I am about a few tenths
of a degree over 130 years.
Beginning about 50 million years ago (and continuing to the present day), the
drift of the continental plates has caused the
continents of India and Eurasia to collide, pushing up oceanic crust from the bottom
of the sea to form the Himalayan mountain chain and the Tibetian plateau.
In 1915 through 1924, the
continents were predicted to have
drifted by nothing more a globe and «cycle mania»
of moving plots around... while the experts scoffed.
Continents drifted and changed ocean currents and routed more and more warm tropical water into Polar Regions and that thawed more and more
of the Polar Oceans to promote more and more snowfall and that did support more and more ice on land.
Similar objections were made to Alfred Wegener's continental
drift theory that despite solid evidence from geography, geology, paleontology, and biology, was shunned until the development
of plate tectonics theory could explain how
continents drifted.
As a geologist, I would like to see more modeling
of oceanic circulation as the
continents drift and mountain ranges come and go.
Just as the slowly increasing pressure
of a finger eventually flips a switch and turns on a light, the slow effects
of drifting continents or wobbling orbits or changing atmospheric composition may «switch» the climate to a new state.
If we had a
continent over both poles at the same time we'd probably get a snowball earth episode that would last until either CO2 built up in the atmosphere to melt it or the
continents drifted off the poles or some combination
of both.
In fact, the graveyard
of science is littered with the bones
of theories that were once thought «certain» (e.g., that the
continents can't «
drift,» that Newton's laws were immutable, and hundreds if not thousands
of others).