This means that it can be
driven by the combustion engine.
The Boosted Range Extender offers two gears for the e-motor as well as for direct
drive by the combustion engine for a cost - optimized, scalable concept with high ranges and dynamic driving comfort in each operating mode.
orchestra of battles, a contradictory and commemorative subterranean theatre
driven by combustion of verbal explosions.
But what happens, and how swiftly it happens, depends on human response to global warming,
driven by the combustion of fossil fuels and the release of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Not exact matches
Elio's motivations are similar to Tesla's — while it's
driven by an old - fashioned internal
combustion engine, the small, light vehicle will get something like 84 miles per gallon, and the company's DOE application will hinge on its advantages in environmental impact and energy independence.
Instead of the tiny explosions that
drive the pistons of a standard internal -
combustion engine, the Stirling
drives its piston
by forcing gas from one chamber to another in a perfectly closed system.
A new data logger developed
by Fraunhofer researchers simultaneously collects data from vehicles with
combustion engines, electric
drives, external sensors, and location data, and permits the development of new hybrid and electric vehicles.
The elements are synthesised
by the nuclear
combustion process in stars and
driven out into space when the star dies and explodes.
Like other major automakers, Audi (and its parent Volkswagen Group) is working on meeting its medium - term regulatory requirements (e.g., in the 2020 timeframe)
by reducing the average fuel consumption of its new vehicles using a combination of three primary measures: optimizing its
combustion engines for greater efficiency; developing alternative
drive... Read more →
Also, because the internal
combustion engine is started
by motor - generators
driven by the high - voltage traction battery, the 12V cabling from under the trunk to under the hood doesn't need to be so thick.
A turbocharger, or colloquially turbo, is a turbine -
driven forced induction device that increases an internal
combustion engine's efficiency and power output
by forcing extra air into the
combustion chamber.
All BMW models, built on either CLAR or FAAR, will be able to be equipped with a standard internal
combustion engine, a plug - in hybrid system to electrify the axle that isn't
driven by the engine or a fully electric drivetrain.
That concept was followed
by the LF - LC Blue (2012), which is a rear - wheel
drive concept coupe based on the LF - LC, with Opal Blue body color, Atkinson cycle
combustion engine, battery pack, white and brown interior.
The vehicle is derived from the third generation of the Mitsubishi Outlander (which pioneered the «cross-over» vehicle design concept with the Mitsubishi Airtrek in 2001 and has sold 1.5 million units globally since launch) but was developed from the ground up to be
driven by either an internal
combustion engine or hybrid technology and as a result there are no compromises in terms of packaging, practicality or drving dynamics.
When the vehicle is
driven in E-Charge mode, the high - voltage battery is charged
by the
combustion engine.
The electric
drive element — called DynaStart — is produced
by the ZF Powertrain and Suspension Components division for use in passenger cars and commercial vehicles with a power capacity between 10 and 100 kW and with a maximum torque of 100 to 1,000 N · m. For full hybrid applications, ZF also supplies the electric motor as a hybrid module with an integrated separating clutch for decoupling the electric motor and the
combustion engine.
It can be
driven by just the
combustion engine, just the electric motor, or
by both together.
A pressure point on the accelerator pedal signals the switch between all - electric mode and
driving powered
by the
combustion engine.
The four - wheel
drive consist of the
combustion engine equipped with one of the two electric motors — a belt -
driven starter - generator (BSG) and the second electric motor on the rear axle, powered
by a 48 - volt lithium - ion battery system.
EfficientDynamics covers every conceivable aspect of an automobile, including electrification, with the eventual goal of emission - free
driving pleasure in the form of a
combustion engine fueled
by hydrogen.
The prototype is powered
by a parallel hybrid
drive set - up that combines a 214 HP
combustion engine featuring BMW TwinPower Turbo technology with an electrical motor that adds another 93 HP.
Under the PURE
DRIVE label, Nissan manufactures an extended line - up of environmentally friendly, internal
combustion engine vehicles offering class - leading fuel efficiency supported
by advanced green technologies.
Because of its parallel hybrid configuration, the 918 Spyder can be powered at the rear axle either individually
by the
combustion engine or electric motor or via both
drives jointly.
The turbos are aided
by a new and additional water - cooling system which sprays water into the charge - air cooler — this ensures air entering the
combustion chambers is at an optimal temperature, even when the car is being
driven hard.
Under less dynamic
driving conditions the
drive power provided
by the electric motor enables the
combustion engine to run under more favourable load conditions for maximum effi ciency, thus optimising its operating qualities.
In automotive design, a Front Mid-engine, Front - wheel -
drive layout (sometimes called FMF or just MF) is one in which the front road wheels are
driven by an internal -
combustion engine placed just behind them, in front of the passenger compartment.
Regardless of the selected
driving mode, the
drive power generated
by the electric motor, the
combustion engine or the two units acting in unison is channelled swiftly and precisely to wherever it can be converted into forward propulsion most effectively.
We'll compare a mix of electric, hybrid and internal
combustion and calculate their running cost after a year
by factoring in the average distance Canadians
drive yearly, the average cost of fuel across the country broken down
by grade as well as the average cost of electricity in Canada when applicable, and assumes a complete battery recharge from empty.
In SPORT mode, the
combustion engine is only switched off at low speeds, which makes for particularly sporty
driving at higher RPMs with additional power provided
by the electric motor.
In addition to the new internal
combustion engine, the PHEV system's generator and rear motor produce 10 percent more power, while the
drive battery capacity rises
by 15 percent to 13.8 kWh.
Three operating modes are adjustable: the AMG GT Concept runs either purely electrically, only with the internal
combustion engine, or as a hybrid with the power delivered
by both
drive sources.
For recharging the battery while
driving, brake recuperation is used on one hand, but as with the Porsche 918 Spyder, also
by the means of the internal
combustion engine, so that the battery charge never falls below a certain threshold value.
MultiAir technology delivers optimized
combustion at any speed under all
driving conditions
by allowing direct and dynamic control of air intake and
combustion.
Electrically
driven pumps and accumulators have thus far been commonly used to ensure a prompt engine restart even after the application pressure of the oil pump (
driven by the internal
combustion engine) has been lost — e.g. at a traffic light.
By contrast, the
combustion engine is only brought into play when accelerating hard, and is switched off again far more frequently with a measured
driving style.
In the i8 spyder, the
combustion unit is supported
by a 131 - hp electric motor mounted up front within the axle assembly, where it provides
drive to the front wheels via a fixed - ratio gearbox.
Importantly, the
drive -
by - wire control is able to finely match torque in 6 - cylinder and 3 - cylinder
combustion modes, making the transition between the two virtually unnoticeable.
Regardless of the
driving mode selected, the power generated
by the electric motor,
combustion engine or the two units together is channelled quickly and precisely to the wheels where it can be converted most effectively into propulsion.
Rather, it is far more insidious and pervasive; it is an addiction to an energy intensive lifestyle
driven by copious amounts of fossil fuel
combustion.
Researchers are confident that they understand the cycle of Ice Ages, and they also have a clear idea that the biosphere plays a hand in keeping the planet at liveable temperatures, but they also know that the high altitudes are more than usually affected
by climate change
driven by ever - higher ratios of greenhouse gases released
by the
combustion of fossil fuels
by seven billion humans.
Like other major automakers, Audi (and its parent Volkswagen Group) is working on meeting its medium - term regulatory requirements (e.g., in the 2020 timeframe)
by reducing the average fuel consumption of its new vehicles using a combination of three primary measures: optimizing its
combustion engines for greater efficiency; developing alternative
drive... Read more →
Climate change is
driven by human activity — chiefly the
combustion of fossil fuels and changes in land use — and forests and other natural ecosystems play a powerful role in both soaking up the greenhouse gases released
by human economic activity and at the same time sheltering many of the other 10 million or so species that share the planet.
The most recent report of the International Panel on Climate Change says it is extremely likely that human influence has been the dominant cause of this warming which is
driven by the build up of carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel
combustion, cement production, and land use changes.
Both disclosures are consistent with what scientists had expected from climate change,
driven by global warming as a consequence of the profligate
combustion of fossil fuels that dump ever greater levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
This is borne out
by «hot air» ballooning where the balloon is really a hot CO2 balloon — the aim is to
drive out the cool air
by blasting hot
combustion products into the envelope.
Comparing the full lifecycle emissions of greenhouse gases
by the two fuels from production through
combustion in cars, Eric Johnson, editor of Environmental Impact Assessment Review, and Russell Heinen, Vice President of SRI Consulting, found that «biodiesel derived from rapeseed grown on dedicated farmland emits nearly the same amount of greenhouse gas emissions (defined as CO2 equivalents) per km
driven as does conventional diesel.»
Climate change is happening, being
driven by the human
combustion of fossil fuels at unprecedented rates for more than a century.
But the suspicion is that the long - term trend in global warming
driven by human
combustion of fossil fuels that dump vast quantities of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere must be playing a part.
And although such constraints are not directly connected to climate change
driven by profligate
combustion of fossil fuels, what humans achieve is a combination of genetic and environmental limitations.
In fact, it clears up a long - standing uncertainty: just how much global warming −
driven by prodigal human
combustion of fossil fuels − is changing the rhythms of life in one zone of the planet.