The U.S. government cracked down after both nations tested nuclear weapons in May 1998, requiring U.S. organizations to obtain a license before shipping civilian materials deemed to have
a dual military use to more than 300 institutions (Science, 24 July 1998, p. 494).
Not exact matches
While concerns about China's acquisition of
dual -
use technologies, or those that can be
used for
military applications, sparked the push to strengthen the CFIUS review process, proposed investments from other countries could be slowed down if FIRRMA becomes law.
The Asan report said its trading of goods that could qualify as potential
military and nuclear
dual -
use products under U.S. export restrictions were of particular concern.
The official declined to elaborate, but experts say providing the $ 930 Samsung phone could violate U.N. sanctions that ban the sale of luxury items and electronics with a potential «
dual» commercial and
military use.
The panel also asks for # 24 million for universities developing
dual -
use technologies of equal value to industry and the
military.
Moreover, the government takes few steps to verify that
dual -
use products do not end up in
military hands after being exported.
GPS was designed, as the responsible federal agencies are careful to remind us, to serve «as a
dual -
use system with the primary purpose of enhancing the effectiveness of U.S. and allied
military forces.»
In 2003, responding to concerns about biological research that could be
used for civil or
military purposes, NIH set up the National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity to deal with such
dual -
use technology.
The government is also minded to include the types of business identified in relation to the short - terms steps, i.e. the manufacture of
military and
dual -
use items and advanced technology.
The Wassenaar Arrangement is one made among a group of about 40 like - minded countries that have agreed to control the transfer of technology and export of products that are
dual use, and have specific
military applications.
They are now considered «
dual use» for commercial as well as
military use and will require a permit.
As the New York Times noted, it's possible the smartphones could be considered «
dual use» devices with
military applications.
International Trade Compliance to address the special challenges associated with control of C4ISR, WMD, nuclear, IT, space and other sensitive technologies; industry, government, national laboratory, professional trade association, and university matters related to export control of products, technology and services (both
military and
dual use), including associated technical data and technical assistance; and render traini...