Sentences with phrase «duration of breast»

(I) Factors related to socioeconomic status: mother's (< 25, 25 — 29, 30 — 34, 35 +) and father's (< 30, 30 — 34, 35 +) age in years at birth of child; mother's and father's education at 9 months (National Vocational Qualification equivalent level 4 — 5 = university degree or equivalent, 3 = A levels or equivalent, 2 = grade C or higher in at least 4 General Certificate of Secondary Education qualifications at the end of compulsory schooling at age 16, 0 — 1 = less than this); occupational socioeconomic status at exposure, based on the last - known job of father or mother, whichever was higher (3 - class National Statistics Socio - economic Classification 1 = managerial / administrative / professional, 2 = intermediate, 3 = routine / manual); duration of breast - feeding (never, < 4 months, 4 + months); number of siblings of child in household at 9 months (none, 1, 2 +).

Of those who developed metabolic syndrome, the average duration of breast - feeding was 2.6 months, while the average time breast - feeding for women who didn't develop metabolic syndrome was seven months, according to the study.

In this study of a population of relatively high socioeconomic status, we found a positive association between duration of breast feeding and mental development, even after adjusting for maternal age, maternal education, maternal intelligence (Raven score), and smoking at the time of conception.

CONCLUSION Our data suggest that a longer duration of breast feeding benefits cognitive development.

The Copenhagen cohort study on infant nutrition and growth: duration of breast feeding and influencing factors.

We found no clear association between duration of breast feeding and motor development at 13 months or 5 years of age.

We aimed to document the association of duration of predominant feeding and duration of any breast feeding with respiratory illness and infection morbidity as measured by doctor, hospital, or clinic visits and hospital admissions in the first year of life.

Moreover, although this reduced the power of the multivariate analysis, the increased risk of low MDI and total IQ scores associated with a shorter duration of breast feeding persisted after adjustment for each of the confounders, including the Raven score.

The only factor in this study, related to duration of breast feeding, which was also related to child development at 13 months, was maternal Raven score (data not shown).

There was a borderline statistically significant difference in balance scores associated with different lengths of breast feeding, whereas no association was found between duration of breast feeding and the two other motor development tests.

Duration of breast feeding was classified into three categories based on whether the child was still breast fed at 3 or 6 months of age.

Aim: To examine the relation between the duration of breast feeding and morbidity as a result of respiratory illness and infection in the first year of life.

Maternal age and maternal Raven score were positively associated with duration of breast feeding (table 1).

Under these otherwise favourable environmental conditions it may be questioned whether duration of breast feeding has any effect on cognitive development.

Multivariate relation between upper respiratory infections at 1 year of age (hospital, doctor, or clinic visits, and hospital admission) and duration of breast feeding

Most previous studies have compared breast fed children with children who were exclusively formula fed, but some studies have found that the correlation between breast feeding and cognitive ability increases with a longer duration of breast feeding.3 13 30 A Finnish study of 1163 children found a mean difference of 2.4 points on a cognitive test at 6 months of age between children breast fed for less than five months, compared to children breast fed for at least five months.10

However, few studies have compared the effect of the duration of breast feeding in societies where almost all infants are breast fed for at least some weeks.

The psychomotor index did not differ significantly between the groups (p = 0.09), although there was a trend (p < 0.05) towards increasing scores with increasing duration of breast feeding.

Instead we found that a shorter duration of breast feeding was associated with lower scores on mental developmental tests both at 13 months and at 5 years of age.

Moreover, information on breast feeding was given prospectively and the examiners did not know the duration of breast feeding, nor were they aware of the hypothesis.

While there is evidence for the effectiveness of professional support in prolonging duration of breast feeding and increasing rates of initiation of breast feeding, the strength of its effect on the rate of exclusive breastfeeding is unclear.11 12

The recent NICE evidence into practice briefing on promotion of initiation and duration of breast feeding, 4 however, recommended that education and support should be targeted at women with low incomes to increase rates of exclusive breast feeding.

Two weeks before the Systematic Review was published, the Lucas study — which aimed to test a hypothesis that «duration of breast feeding is related to changes in vascular function relevant to the development of cardiovascular disease» — was published in the BMJ alongside 2 press releases and a leader article.

The effect of postpartum lactation counseling on the duration of breast - feeding in low - income women

Counseling and motivational videotapes increase duration of breast - feeding in African - American WIC participants who initiate breast - feeding

These include variability in the duration of breast - feeding, frequency of breast - feeding, use of supplemental formulas, recall of feeding practices, type of allergic disease being studied, and maternal atopic background.

Months since breast feeding cessation and duration of breast feeding were both significantly associated with diarrhoeal disease, but much of these effects were due to the inclusion of the currently breast fed and never breast fed infants; neither was statistically significant when these infants were omitted.

If the goal is prolonging the exclusivity and duration of breast - feeding, according to Dr. Michael Kramer, a professor of pediatrics, epidemiology, and biostatistics at McGill University, some of the 10 steps are sounder than others.

It has been shown that formula supplementation in the early postnatal period reduces the likelihood of subsequent exclusive breast feeding and overall duration of breast feeding.

The intake of such supplementary fluids is associated in young infants with an increased risk of disease and a shortening of the duration of breast - feeding.

5 - year experience],» An Esp Pediatr (Spain) 38, no. 1 (Jan 1993): 20 — 4 L.S. Adair et al., «The duration of breast - feeding: How is it affected by biological, sociodemographic, health sector, and food industry factor?»

The influence of medroxyprogesterone on the duration of breast - feeding in mothers in an urban community.

Not exact matches

Longer duration of breastfeeding may or may not affect the appearance of your breasts, but it will reduce the risk for breast cancer over your lifetime, in addition to the many other health benefits to you and to your breastfed baby.

The storage compartments in planes stay quite cool, so your breast milk will be fine for the duration of a domestic flight.

You indicate that «Nestle complementary foods are not marketed or presented as breast - milk substitutes» and that you support the May 2001 WHA Resolution that changed the recommended duration of exclusive breastfeeding from 4 - 6 months to 6 months.

Fluctuations in milk supply throughout the day and storage capacity of your breasts will also impact the frequency and duration of feedings.

Longer duration of suckling on one breast is suggestive of adequate milk production and it is also healthy for baby as hind - milk is more nutritious and higher in calorie content that is required for optimal growth and development.

Double electric breast pump reduces the length of nursing duration.

However, some women with an overabundant breast milk supply may leak for the duration of their breastfeeding experience.

According to Kellymom.com, «studies have found a significant inverse association between duration of lactation and breast cancer.»

Despite the argument that «breast is best» and introducing a bottle can cause nipple confusion or make babies «lazy» at the breast, a study published in Pediatrics concluded that early supplementing may actually increase the duration of your breastfeeding journey.

Longer breastfeeding duration is further associated with reduced maternal risks of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and heart attack.»

It is estimated that the cumulative incidence of breast cancer in developed countries would be reduced by more than half, from 6.3 to 2.7 per 100 women by age 70, if women had the average number of births and lifetime duration of breastfeeding that had been prevalent in developing countries until recently.

The lack of or short lifetime duration of breastfeeding typical of women in developed countries makes a major contribution to the high incidence of breast cancer in these countries.

A longer duration of breastfeeding — for example more than 12 months (and this can be over several babies) is more protective, even if you are breastfeeding at all and whether you are mixed feeding with some breast milk and some formula, your breast cancer risks are reduced.

RESULTS: If observed associations between breastfeeding duration and maternal health are causal, we estimate that current breastfeeding rates result in 4,981 excess cases of breast cancer, 53,847 cases of hypertension, and 13,946 cases of myocardial infarction compared with a cohort of 1.88 million U.S. women who optimally breastfed.

Relationship of sudden infant death syndrome to breast - feeding duration and intensity.

Breastfeeding is also associated with maternal health outcomes.5 Shorter duration of lactation is associated with increased maternal breast cancer, 6 ovarian cancer, 7,8 hypertension, 9 — 11 type 2 diabetes mellitus, 9,12 and myocardial infarction (MI).9, 13 We estimate the burden of maternal disease that might be averted if more mothers were able to adhere to infant feeding recommendations, assuming a causal association between breastfeeding and maternal health.

[2][3] During the first few weeks of life babies may nurse roughly every two to three hours and the duration of a feeding is usually ten to fifteen minutes on each breast.

Effects of brief exposure to water, breast - milk substitutes, or other liquids on the success and duration of breastfeeding: a systematic review