Sentences with phrase «duration of breast feeding»

We found no association between duration of breast feeding and motor development at 13 months or 5 years of age.
Maternal age and maternal Raven score were positively associated with duration of breast feeding (table 1).
Our data support the hypothesis that a longer duration of breast feeding benefits cognitive development.
Under these otherwise favourable environmental conditions it may be questioned whether duration of breast feeding has any effect on cognitive development.
Instead we found that a shorter duration of breast feeding was associated with lower scores on mental developmental tests both at 13 months and at 5 years of age.
In this study, we have to reject the null hypothesis of no association between duration of breast feeding and mental development.
Bias is therefore unlikely as an explanation of the association of duration of breast feeding and mental development in this study.
It has been shown that formula supplementation in the early postnatal period reduces the likelihood of subsequent exclusive breast feeding and overall duration of breast feeding.
Among the formula fed infants in a study in Iraq, sterilisation of bottles and teats was not associated with diarrhoeal disease, although inadequate sterilisation among less educated mothers may have concealed a true effect.9 The Iraq study, like ours, found little evidence of the protection of breast feeding persisting beyond two months after breast feeding has stopped which, if true, will influence the optimal duration of breast feeding for preventing diarrhoea.
CONCLUSION Our data suggest that a longer duration of breast feeding benefits cognitive development.
The psychomotor index did not differ significantly between the groups (p = 0.09), although there was a trend (p < 0.05) towards increasing scores with increasing duration of breast feeding.
Moreover, although this reduced the power of the multivariate analysis, the increased risk of low MDI and total IQ scores associated with a shorter duration of breast feeding persisted after adjustment for each of the confounders, including the Raven score.
There was a borderline statistically significant difference in balance scores associated with different lengths of breast feeding, whereas no association was found between duration of breast feeding and the two other motor development tests.
AIM To examine whether duration of breast feeding has any effect on a child's cognitive or motor development in a population with favourable environmental conditions and a high prevalence of breast feeding.
Most previous studies have compared breast fed children with children who were exclusively formula fed, but some studies have found that the correlation between breast feeding and cognitive ability increases with a longer duration of breast feeding.3 13 30 A Finnish study of 1163 children found a mean difference of 2.4 points on a cognitive test at 6 months of age between children breast fed for less than five months, compared to children breast fed for at least five months.10
Months since breast feeding cessation and duration of breast feeding were both significantly associated with diarrhoeal disease, but much of these effects were due to the inclusion of the currently breast fed and never breast fed infants; neither was statistically significant when these infants were omitted.
Two weeks before the Systematic Review was published, the Lucas study — which aimed to test a hypothesis that «duration of breast feeding is related to changes in vascular function relevant to the development of cardiovascular disease» — was published in the BMJ alongside 2 press releases and a leader article.
He has mentioned references from Ploss and Bartels» records that generally the duration of breast feeding was from 3 — 4 years after birth to a few months after delivering in native people.
Duration of breast feeding was classified into three categories based on whether the child was still breast fed at 3 or 6 months of age.
Moreover, information on breast feeding was given prospectively and the examiners did not know the duration of breast feeding, nor were they aware of the hypothesis.
Factors related to both duration of breast feeding and child development at five years were maternal education, Raven score, maternal age, and smoking at the time of conception (data not shown).
Multivariate relation between upper respiratory infections at 1 year of age (hospital, doctor, or clinic visits, and hospital admission) and duration of breast feeding
However, few studies have compared the effect of the duration of breast feeding in societies where almost all infants are breast fed for at least some weeks.
Aim: To examine the relation between the duration of breast feeding and morbidity as a result of respiratory illness and infection in the first year of life.
However, there was no difference in maternal age, level of education, number of cigarettes smoked at conception, birth weight of the child, duration of breast feeding, or the child's IQ (Bayley's test at 13 months, WPPSI - R at 5 years of age) between mothers who completed and who did not complete the Raven test, or between mothers who provided and mothers who did not provide information of income (data not shown).
The Copenhagen cohort study on infant nutrition and growth: duration of breast feeding and influencing factors.
Previous studies of breast feeding and motor development are consistent with this.8 35 - 37 However, a recent Danish study of 1656 children found that motor milestones were achieved at an earlier age in breast fed than in formula fed infants.38 We found borderline significant associations between duration of breast feeding and motor development.
The only factor in this study, related to duration of breast feeding, which was also related to child development at 13 months, was maternal Raven score (data not shown).
The scores on the HSQ, the parents» income, gestational age, and anthropometric measurements of the child at birth were not associated with the duration of breast feeding.
We found no clear association between duration of breast feeding and motor development at 13 months or 5 years of age.
In this study of a population of relatively high socioeconomic status, we found a positive association between duration of breast feeding and mental development, even after adjusting for maternal age, maternal education, maternal intelligence (Raven score), and smoking at the time of conception.
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z