Sentences with phrase «during cell division in»

«We succeeded in describing in detail the machinery required for mitochondrial genome distribution during cell division in trypanosomes,» Ochsenreiter says.

«Ladies, this is why fertility declines with age: Age - related female infertility explained by a defect in the choreography of chromosome sharing during cell division in eggs before they are fertilized.»

Not exact matches

In addition to helping supply oxygen to all tissues, these nutrients participate in cell division and protein synthesis, making them especially important during this time of rapid fetal growtIn addition to helping supply oxygen to all tissues, these nutrients participate in cell division and protein synthesis, making them especially important during this time of rapid fetal growtin cell division and protein synthesis, making them especially important during this time of rapid fetal growth.

«When a new substance forms during a chemical reaction, many students think that the atoms and molecules have actually changed into something new, whereas they simply rearranged, that the mass increase of plants is due to minerals in the soil, or that cell division alone accounts for animal growth,» said Cari Herrmann Abell, a senior research associate at Project 2061.

«We found that the microtubules that orchestrate chromosome segregation during cell division behave abnormally in older eggs.

My small research group's forays into various aspects of cell division controls have been well supported during these years in Singapore.

But exposure to the chemicals blocked cell division, which could lead to neurological disabilities in babies if their cells are exposed at particular times during fetal development.

This group also clarified that Shugoshin controls DNA replication (the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself during cell division) in subtelomeres as well as higher - order structure of chromosomes.

Yeast studies had suggested that Mus81 was critical for a specific stage in cell division that's essential for chromosome recombination during reproduction.

Like others before him, Schrödinger was struck by the fact that chromosomes are accurately duplicated during ordinary cell division (mitosis, the way in which an organism grows) and during the creation of the sex cells (meiosis).

The egg's very structure, its scaffolding of proteins that guide the chromosomes during cell division, may also play a key role in turning on the necessary genes.

In the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, DNA is packaged with histone proteins into complexes known as chromatin, which are further compacted into chromosomes during cell division.

During meiosis, the genome of a diploid germ cell, which is composed of long segments of DNA packaged into chromosomes, undergoes DNA replication followed by two rounds of division, resulting in haploid cells called gametes.

Certain chromosomes, the researchers found, exploit this asymmetry to move themselves over to the «right» side of a cell during division and wind up in the egg.

Gabriela Cabral, a PhD student in the lab of Alex Dammermann at the Center for Molecular Biology of the University of Vienna, explains: «Many people thought that centrioles are held together by the same glue as chromosomes, a substance called cohesin, which is destroyed during cell division.

The shortening of telomeres is a process that occurs naturally in the body each time that a cell divides: during cell division the DNA, which is tightly packaged into chromosomes, must be duplicated but the DNA - copying machinery design itself, prevents the full replication of the ends of the chromosomes.

Membrane remodeling typically occurs during cell division, during cell movement as it slithers around, and during vesicle formation, when a small piece buds off like what you might see in a lava lamp.

In animal cells (as well as yeast cells), the microtubules that act to separate chromosomes during cell division are usually organized around a central structure.

Where the second type of condensin, which is present in humans and other multicellular organisms, binds during cell division is another future line of inquiry.

During the key step in sperm formation — a division that results in two cells, each with half the original number of chromosomes — the X and Y chromosomes peeled off from the chain one by one and headed into separate cells, all segregating faithfully with their own kind.

For proteins in the cytosol, the liquid inside the cell, these random molecular processes include differences in the break - down of proteins, or random partitioning into the two cells that form during cell division.

The findings suggest that the information on the X and Y chromosomes that makes this division possible is primed during gametogenesis — the process of creating ovum or sperm cells — in the parents.

Mutations can be caused by copying errors in the genetic material during cell division and by exposure to radiation, chemicals, or viruses, or can occur deliberately under cellular control during the processes such as meiosis or hypermutation.

The three characteristics scientists use to identify a chromosome are readily visible in an ideogram: length; the banding pattern of the dye, which reflects the type of nucleotides concentrated in the chromosome; and the location of the centromere, a waistlike constriction required for proper movement during cell division.

While the role of chTOG in microtubule assembly during cell division has been widely studied, not much is known regarding TACC3 and its contribution to the process.

Lin observed that this change in nucleus shape is similar to what occurs during cell division and hypothesized that there may be similar underlying mechanisms behind cell division and regeneration.

We found that several genes that were previously implicated in cell division were also upregulated during various stages of regeneration.»

According to the researcher, «we were able to prove, by way of both in vivo and in vitro experiments, that an integrated signal in the microtubules can show the right pathway to chromosomes during cell division.»

In an article published in Science this Thursday, a team of Portuguese researchers led by Helder Maiato identifies a» Highway Code» within cells, a finding that changes the way we perceive how chromosomes move during cell divisioIn an article published in Science this Thursday, a team of Portuguese researchers led by Helder Maiato identifies a» Highway Code» within cells, a finding that changes the way we perceive how chromosomes move during cell divisioin Science this Thursday, a team of Portuguese researchers led by Helder Maiato identifies a» Highway Code» within cells, a finding that changes the way we perceive how chromosomes move during cell division.

Partly based on his MIT Ph.D. thesis research performed in yeast, Sheltzer suspects aneuploidy causes errors in DNA replication, as well as problems with chromosome segregation during cell division.

The complexity of the 3 - D multicellular environment can be overwhelming, Betzig says, but the clarity of his team's imaging permits them to computationally «explode» apart the individual cells in tissue to focus on the dynamics within any particular one, such as the remodeling of internal organelles during cell division.

The DNA vital to the life of a cell is packaged in chromosomes, and a variety of checkpoints, repair mechanisms, and other cellular safeguards exist to maintain the integrity of the chromosomes during cell growth and division.

The team used ChromEMT to image and measure chromatin in resting human cells and during cell division (mitosis) when DNA is compacted into its most dense form — the 23 pairs of mitotic chromosomes that are the iconic image of the human genome.

The special feature of this DNA element is its positioning in precisely those genes that play a role in the chromosome distribution during cell division and thus influences them.

Similar to cells growing at 33 °C, endothelial cells plated in the 37 °C environment also engaged in cell division during the first 24 h. However, during the next 72 h, the growth of most endothelial cells in 37 °C conditions dropped to 50 % of that of their counterparts growing at 33 °C (data not shown).

Researchers led by Prof. Torsten Ochsenreiter of the Institute of Cell Biology at the University of Bern have studied the mitochondria, the «power plants» of single - cell trypanosomes, and have now discovered that these behave differently from cell power plants in humans during cell divisCell Biology at the University of Bern have studied the mitochondria, the «power plants» of single - cell trypanosomes, and have now discovered that these behave differently from cell power plants in humans during cell diviscell trypanosomes, and have now discovered that these behave differently from cell power plants in humans during cell diviscell power plants in humans during cell diviscell division.

They realized that during SCNT, monkey cells lose two key proteins involved in cell and chromosomal division [source: Graham].

Condensin is also crucial in the organisation of the chromosomes during cell division, and errors in the process can result in cancer.

In parallel, the roles of symmetric and asymmetric cell divisions are investigated as a mechanism for governing stem cell self - renewal and differentiation during embryonic development and in the adulIn parallel, the roles of symmetric and asymmetric cell divisions are investigated as a mechanism for governing stem cell self - renewal and differentiation during embryonic development and in the adulin the adult.

Directional Notch trafficking in Sara endosomes during asymmetric cell division in the spinal cord.

Perhaps during normal inflorescence development, SMs poised to become bristles accumulate higher levels of BR, resulting in local increased cell division and expansion, loss of boundary identity genes, and repression of the SM identity program.

However, using these cell lines it should be possible to determine in detail how the defects arise (which is difficult in patients), and perhaps how to alter the segregation of mutant versus normal mtDNA during cell division to eventually lessen the burden of abnormal mitochondria function.

When the studies of mitochondrial carryover were done in embryonic stem cells derived from ePNT blastocysts (to allow for more cell divisions during which instability could manifest), some stem cell lines displayed instability and an increase in mitochondrial DNA carryover with time.

fertilization in mice, he had switched to studying how yeast cells duplicate their genome during cell division.

The de-repressed satellite RNAs induced damage to the chromosomes by fusing them inappropriately and breaking them in what is called genomic instability, a catastrophic event for the cell during cell division, which can lead to cancer.

The Kops group studies the processes involved in chromosome segregation during cell division, with a focus on molecular mechanisms, evolution and chromosomal instability.

Defeated by an initial project on in vitro fertilization in mice, he had switched to studying how yeast cells duplicate their genome during cell division.

In order to determine how the functional roles of these cytoskeletal systems might have changed during the transition from archaea to eukaryotes, they will also be carrying out a comparative analysis of cell division in archaea and eukaryoteIn order to determine how the functional roles of these cytoskeletal systems might have changed during the transition from archaea to eukaryotes, they will also be carrying out a comparative analysis of cell division in archaea and eukaryotein archaea and eukaryotes.

In their Nature paper, Singh's team also showed for the first time that this transcriptional repression was dependent on breakdown and reformation of the nuclear membrane during cell division.

I have worked in the area of microbiology and molecular biology for over 15 years during which time I focused on the study of cell division and cytoskeletal regulation in prokaryotes.