Sentences with phrase «during fuel combustion»

To understand the full extent of the environmental implications, it is important to consider the emissions released over the full life cycle and not just during fuel combustion.

In the context of global climate change, they consist of radiatively important greenhouse gases (e.g., the release of carbon dioxide during fuel combustion).

He expects researchers to use the FEL pulses to probe what happens during fuel combustion, how biomolecules behave in gases, and how reactions proceed at solid - gas interfaces.

Not exact matches

«The lower operating temperatures during cold start are due to increasing fuel efficiency in advanced combustion engines, which leaves less energy in the tailpipe exhaust,» said Abhaya Datye, a distinguished professor at UNM's Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and study co-author.

Yet most computers can handle only a handful of scenarios at once — too few to create a full picture of fuel performance during combustion.

Conventional cars use an air - fuel mixture in which all the oxygen and fuel is burned during combustion.

Human emissions however are on the decline in many countries due to more strict pollution controls on power plants like burning low - sulfur fuel and technological advances to remove it during and after combustion.

These new trucks — which employ a diesel combustion engine along with a hydraulic high - pressure accumulator that stores energy captured during braking — get 35 percent better fuel economy and generate as much as 30 percent fewer greenhouse gas emissions as compared to the non-hybrid diesel - powered vehicles they are replacing.

Hydrogen - powered fuel cells are regarded as a clean alternative to conventional combustion engines, as, aside from electric energy, the only substance produced during operation is water.

In 1996, when climate research was more certain about the link between fossil fuel combustion and climate change than during the time of Shaw's memo, Exxon's new chairman and chief executive Lee Raymond said in a speech in Detroit: «Currently, the scientific evidence is inconclusive as to whether human activities are having a significant effect on the global climate.»

The lower operating temperatures during cold start are due to increasing fuel efficiency in advanced combustion engines, which leaves less energy in the tailpipe exhaust, said Datye, a study co-author.

The new study, published last week in the journal Environmental Research Letters, showed that emissions of sulfur dioxide, a common air pollutant released during coal and fossil fuel combustion, increased from 2000 to 2006, after which they started to decline.

During induction, the injector fires a lean fuel mist into the combustion chamber as a belt - driven supercharger pushes air into the mix.

During the 24 hours of the Le Mans race, each car will be given a «fuel energy allocation» per lap, differing slightly depending on whether the internal combustion element is fuelled by petrol or diesel.

This includes valves and related components required to allow the air - fuel mixture to enter the combustion chamber, seal the combustion chamber during compression and combustion, and evacuate exhaust gases when combustion is complete.

Charge - depleting mode allows a fully charged PHEV to operate exclusively (or depending on the vehicle, almost exclusively, except during hard acceleration) on electric power until its battery state of charge is depleted to a predetermined level, at which time the vehicle's internal combustion engine or fuel cell will be engaged.

With the Ecotec 2.0 - liter Turbo, fuel is introduced directly to the combustion chamber during the intake stroke.

This unique feature improves the flow of fuel into the combustion chamber, which results in an increase in horsepower during towing and reduced emissions.

Additionally, as the fuel comes directly into contact with the cold cylinder walls and piston, a small amount of fuel may impinge on the piston, which during evaporation may lead to diffusion combustion and PM formation.

(Paper abstract) Soot from ships worse than expected Produced during combustion of fossil fuels and biofuels, light - absorbing carbon (soot) creates haze and absorbs light with an efficiency nearly one third that of carbon dioxide.

Natural gas is widely considered to be an environmentally cleaner fuel than coal because it does not produce detrimental by - products such as sulfur, mercury, ash and particulates and because it provides twice the energy per unit of weight with half the carbon footprint during combustion.

During that same period, 282 PgC were released by combustion of fossil fuels, and 5.5 additional PgC were released to the atmosphere from cement manufacture.

Impacts of California's Five - Year (2012 - 2016) Drought on Hydroelectricity Generation — This comprehensive assessment of the costs to California of lost hydroelectricity during the five - year California drought (from October 2011 to the end of September 2016; the official California «water year» runs from October 1 to September 30) reveals an increase in electricity costs of approximately $ 2.45 billion, as well as a 10 percent increase in the release of carbon dioxide from California power plants due to the additional combustion of fossil fuels for electricity generation.

Sulfuric acid (H2SO4), formed from oxidation of sulfur dioxide (SO2) emitted during fossil fuel combustion, is a major precursor of new airborne particles, which have well - documented detrimental effects on health, air quality, and climate.

Natural gas (NG) is a potential «bridge fuel» during transition to a decarbonized energy system: It emits less carbon dioxide during combustion than other fossil fuels and can be used in many industries.

During the past 3.5 billion years, photosynthesis has mostly NOT had to rely solely on combustion of fossil fuels to supply CO2.

By process of elimination, there is net flow of CO2 into vegetation / land (with emissions from them being overall negative aside from fuel combustion), which is unsurprising in contexts ranging from a multitude of studies on co2science.org to how satellite - measured global net terrestrial primary production increased by several percent per decade during the period of global warming (Nemani et al. 2003, for instance).

«THE stable carbon isotopic (13C / 12C) record of twentieth - century tree rings has been examined1 - 3 for evidence of the effects of the input of isotopically lighter fossil fuel CO2 (δ 13C ~ -25 ‰ relative to the primary PDB standard4), since the onset of major fossil fuel combustion during the mid-nineteenth century, on the 13C / 12C ratio of atmospheric CO2 (δ 13C ~ -7 ‰), which is assimilated by trees by photosynthesis.

Based on projected world energy requirements, the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (1956) has estimated an amount of fossil fuel combustion by the year 2000 that with our assumed partitions would give about a 25 percent increase in atmospheric CO2, compared to the amount present during the 19th Century.

Black carbon and other aerosols, also emitted during combustion of diesel and marine oil fuels, are relatively short ‐ lived radiative forcers compared with carbon dioxide and their reduction is emerging as a key strategy for mitigation.

The report, The Human Cost of Weather - Related Disasters 1995 - 2015, is intended to focus attention during the UN climate change conference — which opens in Paris on Monday − on the damage already inflicted by global warming as a consequence of rising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, in turn as a consequence of the human combustion of fossil fuels and the destruction of the planet's forests.

Two statements during the presentation drew my interest: 1) geographical regions of high net release of CO2 were claimed in the talk to be regions with very little combustion of fossil fuels, and 2) increasing rainfall combined with increasing temperatures were suggested to increase decomposition rates of organic matter in the soil.

However, less of these other pollutants are released into the atmosphere during modern fossil fuel combustion.

Nice post, but how does that compare to aerosol formation during the process of fossil fuel combustion (especially diesel and ship bunker fuel)?

During the past 500 years or so, human activities have released mercury from its relatively stable and water - insoluble form (cinnabar) in rocks and soil through mining, fossil fuel combustion, and other activities, and so have increased the portion of mercury that is actively cycling through the atmosphere, surface waters, plants, and animals as it changes chemical and physical form.