Sentences with phrase «during glacial»

2001 T. D. Herbert, et al., «Collapse of the California Current During Glacial Maxima Linked to Climate Change on Land.»

Create a temperature profile for high, medium and equatorial latitudes and you can imagine that during glacial periods there is less variation between the deep and shallow layers.

Just as during a glacial it gets lethargic because not a lot is happening.

If it turned out that rapid climate change events are caused by comets, it would imply the climate system is far more stable than we thought, that abrupt climate change events are not part of the inherent variability of climate during glacial periods.

Data from modern ice stream beds are difficult to obtain, but where ice advanced onto continental shelves during glacial periods, extensive areas of the former bed can be imaged using modern swath sonar tools.

During the glacial cycles of the past 800,000 years both CO2 and methane have acted as important amplifiers of the climate changes triggered by variations in Earth's orbit around the Sun.

During glacial periods, the climate undergoes enormous and abrupt changes.

The climate history of Earth during the glacial - interglacial cycles of the last 1 million years provides an essential context for an understanding of current climate changes, including the relations between solar irradiance, greenhouse gas (GHG) forcing, albedo changes and global temperatures.

Derek J. Taylor, a member of the team, attributes the counterintuitive finding to the fact that pockets of the species were preserved in limited areas that remained ice - free during glacial advances.

Simply dividing the total rise in temperature by that of CO2 during a glacial half - cycle gives us nothing of thermodynamic significance.

And earth has been 8.5 C cooler during glacial period.

You can read all about different ideas regarding what governed CO2 concentrations during the glacial - interglacial cycles in (you guessed it) Section 6.4 of the last IPCC report (WG 1).

Summary of Part 2: Roy Spencer repeatedly claims that most of the rest of the climate science community deliberately ignores natural sources of climate variation, but then contradicts himself by launching an inept attack on the standard explanation for climate change during the glacial - interglacial cycles of the last million years (i.e., they are initiated by Milankovitch cycles).

I think there must be at least two factors interacting to achieve the necessary switches so that they offset one another to minimise climate variability during interglacials but supplement one another to increase climate variability during glacial periods.

The highest ca since the Devonian occurs during the Mesozoic greenhouse interval (~ 240 — 60 Myr ago) while ca is at its lowest, near current day values, during the glacial intervals of the late Paleozoic (~ 300 Myr ago) and late Cenozoic (last 34 Myr)

Our record shows that CO2 variations during the glacial period have a clear relationship with abrupt climate changes in the Northern Hemisphere that continues into the deglacial period.

The increased atmospheric dust load during glacial times is thought to be due to a generally colder and drier atmosphere, which increased the number and strength of dust sources through reduced vegetation cover (28), and reduced washout of suspended particles during transport (7).

So, basically, during a glacial the land loses carbon, the atmosphere loses carbon, and the ocean gains carbon.

These rapid changes in atmospheric CO2 and CH4 concentrations are also recorded during the Heinrich Stadials of MIS 3, demonstrating an important mechanism that operates on centennial time scales during the glacial and deglaciation, which may point to important thresholds in the global carbon cycle.

Manabe and Stouffer (1993) pioneered the demonstration of a transition under future warming; an improved model showed a shutdown was especially likely with rapid increase of greenhouse gas emissions, Stocker and Schnitter (1997); see also Broecker (1997); Wood et al. (1999); summary: Rahmstorf (1999); Ganopolski and Rahmstorf (2001) for instability during a glacial period; IPCC (2001a), pp. 439 - 40.

The climate during glacial periods is quite different and the moisture could be brought from lower latitudes by the atmosphere.

During the glacial period oscillations are very large and are of a warming nature (Dansgaard - Oeschger events).

In other words, Arctic temperatures would approach Antarctic temperatures during glacial periods.

(Clearly however brief Warm periods can occur during a general glacial retreat and brief cold periods during glacial advance.)

During a glacial period, we'd be about 9F colder than today, which would be around 52F.

This is supported by multiple lines of evidence, including GCMs, paleoclimate evidence (including climate response to forcing during glacial periods as well as millennial proxies), the instrumental record, and the climate response to volcanic forcings among others.

During a glacial period (ice age) the oceans near both poles are much colder so the amount of heavy oxygen is very small.

If the large buildup seen in 1971 were repeated for only another seven years, the snow and ice would reflect as much sunlight as during a glacial period.

As there is a lot of talk of the see - saw mechanism (in decadal - centurial scale) during the glacial terminations, might this effect be noticeable also in shorter periods of time?

I also wonder if this also has some influence on the interstadials we see during a glacial.

During glacial periods, the solar insolation at high latitudes is below some level that results in glaciation but equatorial insolation does not change significantly.

So during glacial periods, Earth has average temperature of about 10 C cooler than present temperatures.

Ominously, data showed that sudden climate shifts did not happen only during a glacial period.

The winds are probably less efficient in that regard than the ocean currents are so we might well see a situation where during a glacial, we have a situation where the equatorial region actually gets warmer than during an interglacial.

During the 800,000 years prior to 1750, atmospheric CO2 varied from 180 ppm during glacial (cold) up to 300 ppm during interglacial (warm) periods.

The ratio in the ocean is different during the glacial maximums and the glacial minimums (simply because so much fresh water is locked up in the glaciers)

75 During glacial time (and perhaps during the cold flips as well), the tropics were less wet than now — but some desert regions such as Nevada were less dry.

He thinks that we can look to paleoclimate as evidence for abrupt climate change — and indeed we can — but the examples he has to use are those of abrupt change during deglaciation (YD) or during glacial climate (D - O; Heinrich; Bond).

26) During the current interglacial the solar and oceanic cycles are broadlyoffsetting one another to reduce overall climate variability but during glacial epochs they broadly supplement one another to produce much larger climate swings.

These data strongly point to predominantly perennial sea ice cover during the glacial and LIG (Fig. 3b), preventing algal production during the spring and summer.

AFAIU during the glacial cycles the only mechanisms proposed for this are reactions to rising temperatures.

-- Even during glacial and interglacial periods — mainly being caused by orbital changes — CO2 content in atmosphere have followed temperature changes.

By extrapolating from its radiative forcing in the current climate, we estimate that dust reduces precipitation during glacial times by as much as half the reduction due to the colder climate alone.

However, the global dust burden and associated radiative forcing are substantially higher during glacial climates, so that the amplification of the dust load by this feedback is larger.

Fossil corals provide snapshots of past seasonality and year - to - year change during glacial - interglacial cycles and across millions of years stretching from the Holocene, through the Pliocene, and into the Miocene (Figure 3).

Abrupt and severe temperature shifts have occurred on occasion in the past, typically separated by hundreds of years or more, but shifts of this magnitude that are global in extent have almost always occurred during glacial eras, when the extent of snow and ice allowed for great changes in feedback in response to only modest signals.

In addition to the increasing trend of recent CO2 content in atmosphere, according to my interpretations, empiric observations prove that the trends of CO2 content in atmosphere have followed temperature during the last century, during the glacial and interglacial eras, and during the last 100 million years.

Carbon starvation, which apparently sometimes occurs during glacial periods due to the low levels of CO2 that are reached, has the same effect on C3 plants * trees, shrubs, and such) as do warm, dry conditions when the warm is excesaive.

During the glacial periods, D - fir was only sparsely scattered in small ice - free regions.

The climate record obtained from two long Greenland ice cores reveals several brief climate oscillations during glacial time.