Breastfeeding may benefit child cognitive development, but few studies have quantified breastfeeding duration or exclusivity, nor has any study to date examined the role of maternal diet
during lactation on child cognition.
Impact of food supplementation
during lactation on infant breast - milk intake and on the proportion of infants exclusively breast - fed.
Not exact matches
During this time, most
lactation experts recommend holding off
on giving your baby a bottle or pacifier.
As
lactation specialists are aware, the key to successful breastfeeding is a proper «latch -
on» and swallow by the infant as described by Woolridge, 11 Escott, 12 Weber, 13 and Bosma.14
During effective latch -
on, the infant draws both the nipple and some of the surrounding areolar tissue into the mouth and extends the tongue over the lower gum pad.
My son's weight continued to drop
during his first nine days of life, and at that point I began to pump based
on the recommendation of a very helpful nurse who was also a
lactation consultant.
Pediatricians are the baby experts but I don't think they get extensive breastfeeding education
during their medical training (Of course, peds are welcome to chime in
on this)
Lactation consultants ARE the breastfeeding experts and should be first people to call.
If your hospital does not have one
on staff, you can feel free to hire a private
lactation consultant to visit with you
during her stay.
The
lactation consultant will help evaluate how the baby latches, how the mom positions the baby
during feeding, if there are any physical barriers to breast - feeding (tongue adhesions, nipple problems, breast issues, etc.) and will give guidance
on how to optimize the breast - feeding process.
This study was designed to examine the effect of an educational intervention
on pediatric residents» knowledge about breastfeeding, their confidence in addressing
lactation issues, and their management skills
during clinical encounters with breastfeeding mothers.
While the article [Effects of Marijuana
on the Fetus and Breastfeeding Infants by Thomas Hale, et al, Infant Risk Center; cites a number of studies regarding cannabis use
during pregnancy, it cites only two
on cannabis use
during lactation: one conducted with 27 women, and another with 16 women.»
There may be excellent
lactation consultants
on staff, but many are only available
during the week day — not at night or weekends.
Nehlig A, Debry G. Consequences
on the newborn of chronic maternal consumption of coffee
during gestation and
lactation: a review.
«We conclude in this review that maternal caffeine consumption in moderate amounts
during gestation and
lactation has no measurable consequences
on the fetus and newborn infant.
Did you know that
during pregnancy your body puts
on 9 pounds just for the purpose of
lactation?
Biphasic effects of moderate drinking
on prolactin
during lactation.
Effects of breast pumping
on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ethanol
during lactation.
Humans are the only mammals
on the planet who suffer from post - partum depression and post - partum psychosis - we are also the only mammals
on the planet who are drugged
during birth, nurse by a clock, don't sleep with our babies, time our nursing sessions, supplement with formula, use pacifiers (and a myraid of other behaviors that disrupt ancient hormonal production
during lactation).
Institute Of Medicine NUTRITION
DURING LACTATION National Academy Press, 1991 Provides a detailed review of the effects of breastfeeding
on a mother's health, and of her nutrition
on the quality and quantity of her milk.
If you're experiencing any pain
during breastfeeding, or your baby has a hard time latching
on, contact a
lactation consultant or read up
on tips to help you get a deeper latch.
One study supplied (Bourlieu et al) states: «Data
on the structure of human milk throughout
lactation and its evolution
during digestion is still lacking to get a basis of optimization for infant formulas».]
A 2013 clinical report by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), «The Transfer of Drugs and Therapeutics into Human Breast Milk: An Update
on Selected Topics,» indicates that most medications and immunizations are safe to use
during lactation.
The Davis Area Research
on Lactation, Infant Nutrition and Growth (DARLING) study reported that breastfed and formula - fed groups had similar weight gain
during the first 3 months, but the breastfed babies began to drop below the median beginning at 6 to 8 months and were significantly lower weight than the formula - fed group between 6 and 18 months.
Primidone and phenobarbital
during lactation period in epileptic women: total and free drug serum levels in the nursed infants and their effects
on neonatal behavior.
Smoking and passive smoking
during pregnancy and early infancy: effects
on birth weight,
lactation period, and cotinine concentrations in mother's milk and infant's urine.
Previous studies have shown that a high fat maternal diet
during gestation and
lactation has a long - term impact
on the infant's gut microbiome (the community of bacteria living inside the human gut.)
In my experience, one of the greatest barriers to early nursing successes is a typical hospital birth (I can't speak for Israel, so I will speak for the US), which includes a surgical delivery for up to 40 % of moms (depending
on the hospital),
lactation consultants who work only
on the day shift
during the week, the refusal to allow babies to room in with mom (and then not waking mom when baby wakes), not permitting moms to nurse babies with jaundice (based
on what?)
Thus, modulation of maternal gut microbiota
during pregnancy and
lactation could have a direct effect
on infant health.
Its content in breast milk is variable26 and depends
on DHA sources in the maternal diet, 6,27 including fish; infant DHA status in turn depends
on the DHA content of ingested breast milk.27 Randomized trials of DHA supplementation
during lactation have found beneficial effects of DHA
on early motor skills28 and sustained attention29 but not visual motor function or general cognition.28, 30 Our observation may be explained by DHA or nutrients in fish other than DHA.
For further information
on this subject, please see our Premium article «Herbs to Avoid
During Pregnancy and
Lactation: The In - Depth Version» (coming soon!).
I remember sitting in one of my last childbirth classes, where the instructor touched
on starting the basics of breastfeeding and how important
lactation consultants are
during the first few days after delivery.
Despite these clear legal obligations, Palmer said, «Our organizations have received many complaints and questions from parenting employees and students who do not know their
lactation rights, have faced difficulties when they need to pump milk
on the job or
during the school day, and do not know who to turn to within the school community for help.»
They focused a lot
on how breastfeeding was going / troubleshooting breastfeeding issues
during our one - day, three - day, two - week, and six - week follow up appointments, and gave me information about support groups and
lactation consultants we could meet with ASAP if we needed additional support.
You can boost your milk supply by breastfeeding often (
on - demand), emptying your breasts completely
during feedings, not skipping a feeding by offering a bottle, eating a healthy
lactation diet and pumping as necessary.
But she mainly writes
on women issues like pregnancy,
lactation, maternity dresses, casual shoes for women
during pregnancy etc..
I did talk to different
lactation consultants
during those months, but discovered that the research I did
on my own was far more fruitful.
For very extensive information
on the nutrients and calories in breast milk, I recommend Nutrition
During Lactation.
Effect of dietary macronutrient composition under moderate hypocaloric intake
on maternal adaptation
during lactation.
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has just released a new clinical report, The Transfer of Drugs and Therapeutics Into Human Breast Milk: An Update
on Selected Topics, to provide guidance
on drug exposure and reaffirm the recommendation that most medications and immunizations are safe
during lactation.
Insulin has a direct action
on the mammary gland
during breast development and is vital to the production and secretion of colostrum (lactogenesis I), in lactogenesis II (when lots of milk arrives after the placenta is born, usually around day 2 or 3 postpartum), and continued
lactation.
Intervention 2: postnatal
lactation support: in addition to routine care, women received 2 postnatal sessions with a LC, 1 in hospital within the first 3 postnatal days (when they received the same printed guides
on breastfeeding as the antenatal education group) and 1
during the first routine postnatal visit 1 to 2 weeks after the birth.
Influence of the partner
on breastfeeding duration and breast diseases
during lactation.
«Our results using an animal model suggest that a maternal high - fat diet
during pregnancy and
lactation could have significant and lasting effects
on the brain, behavior and cognition of rat pups,» said Dr. Tamashiro.
For instance, malnutrition in early life as a result of poor nutrition
during pregnancy and / or the
lactation period may be stored
on the offspring genome as epigenetic memory and persist into adulthood, thereby increasing the susceptibility to metabolic diseases such as obesity in later life.
They report that females exposed to the higher dose of BPS
during pregnancy and
lactation spent significantly more time
on the nest than controls at one observation point, an unexpected finding given that mouse mothers usually spend less time
on the nest as pups grow and develop.
For this study, a prebiotic supplement was given to rats
on a high - fat and high - sugar diet
during their three - week pregnancy and three - weeks post-birth,
during lactation.
In addition, the researchers found that the sex of the fetus a cow is carrying can enhance or diminish the production of milk
during an established
lactation and that the sex of the fetus gestated in the first pregnancy has persistent consequences for milk production
on the second
lactation.
Receptors
on the surface of the myoepithelial cells are designed to interact with a hormone, oxytocin, released
during lactation.
Further, the research
on the link between nutrient depletion
during pregnancy and
lactation and postpartum depression has shown that nutrient depletion can affect the production of key mood - regulating neurotransmitters, like serotonin, and that lower levels of folate, vitamin D, iron, selenium, zinc, fats, and fatty acids have all been associated with a higher risk of PPD.
He does not comment
on adult doses but I have never seen any evidence that adults require more fat - soluble vitamins or more essential fatty acids than children do, and in the case of essential fatty acids the cases is quite certainly the opposite, that their requirement is significant for children but extremely low to the point of infinitesimal for the adult except in certain disease states,
during periods of growth (bodybuilding) or tissue repair (after injury or sickness) or
during pregnancy and
lactation.
The effect of characteristics of proteins fed
during gestation and
lactation on development of metabolic syndrome in dams and male offspring of wistar rats.