While combing through data collected by NASA's Cassini mission
during flybys of Enceladus, astronomers from Cornell University, the University of Texas and NASA have found the first evidence that the moon's axis has reoriented, according to new research published in Icarus.
They also revealed other archived Hubble images showing Neptune's rings and ring - arcs, features which Voyager 2 also spotted for the first time
during its flyby in the late 1980s.
Using images
gathered during the flyby, scientists estimate that the generally flat surface of each circulating mass is up to 50 meters higher in elevation than average at its center, where material is upwelling, and is surrounded by a trough as much as 100 meters deep where material circulates downward, as they report online today in Nature.
The spacecraft, powered by a radioisotope thermoelectric generator, managed to acquire 50 gigabits of
data during the flyby, where it came within 7,800 miles of the small planet.
Here's a closeup of Comet Hartley 2, which was photographed
during a flyby by the EPOXI mission.
At its closest approach to
Jupiter during each flyby, the robot briefly becomes the fastest human - made object in the solar system, reaching speeds of about 130,000 mph.
Researchers will soon begin studying data from Cassini's gas analyzer and dust detector instruments, which directly sampled the moon's plume of gas and dust - sized icy
particles during the flyby.
Along with JunoCam snapping
pictures during the flyby, all eight of Juno's science instruments were energized and collecting data.
«The worst thing would have been no replacement target,» says planetary scientist Donald Brownlee of the University of Washington, Seattle, who leads the Stardust mission en route to gather
dust during a flyby of Comet Wild 2.
All of Juno's science instruments and the spacecraft's JunoCam were
operating during the flyby, collecting data that are now being returned to Earth.
All of the eye - popping discoveries
reported during the flyby events were based on just the first 2 percent of data returned.
Remember, things have to happen quickly because these small NEOs are only visible to even the most powerful of telescopes for a short period of a few
days during their flyby of Earth.
Those other processes include collisions of giant gas clouds within galaxies, internal instabilities, tidal
interactions during flybys of smaller galaxies, and minor mergers that don't produce conspicuous distortions.
The curious polar hexagon was discovered in the
1980s during flybys of Saturn by the twin Voyager spacecraft.
The images are mosaics in infrared light based on data
obtained during flybys of Titan on July 10, July 26, and Sept. 12, 2013.
Although Charon's southern pole was shrouded in
darkness during the flyby, the researchers analyzed the light reflecting off of the dayside of Pluto to identify a slow dimming unrelated to the illumination, suggesting that the south pole may also boast its own spot.
As New Horizons glides behind Pluto and its
shadow during the flyby, an ultraviolet imaging spectrometer aboard the spacecraft, named Alice, will analyze the filtered sunlight that passes through Pluto's atmosphere.
Although traveling at great speed, the Cassini spacecraft managed to capture this close view of Saturn's small moon
Helene during a flyby on March 3, 2010.
MESSENGER acquired over 1200 images of Mercury's
surface during its flyby, and the MESSENGER team is busy examining all of those images in detail, to understand the geologic history of the planet as a whole, from pole to pole.
The mission team hopes to get closer than the distance that the spacecraft came to
during the flyby of Pluto.
This illustration, created by Business Insider based on an image provided by Hansen, shows approximately what JunoCam will see and what it won't (in red)
during its flyby.
This illustration, created by Business Insider based on an image provided by Hansen, shows approximately what JunoCam will see (center) and what it won't (in red)
during its flyby.
During these flybys, Juno will probe beneath the obscuring cloud cover of Jupiter and study its auroras to learn more about the planet's origins, structure, atmosphere and magnetosphere.
During the flyby, Cassini's radar instrument focused on channels that branch out from the large, northern sea Ligeia Mare.
During a flyby that might last only seconds, it would snap close - ups of the Alpha Centauri planets — assuming they exist.
During these flybys, Juno is probing beneath the obscuring cloud cover of Jupiter and studying its auroras to learn more about the planet's origins, structure, atmosphere and magnetosphere.
During the flyby, Juno's eight science instruments were furiously collecting data.
To protect sensitive equipment aboard MAVEN from possible harm, some instruments were turned off
during the flyby; the same was done for other Mars orbiters.
During the flybys, Juno will probe beneath the obscuring cloud cover of Jupiter and study its auroras to learn more about the planet's origins, structure, atmosphere and magnetosphere.
During the flyby, instruments onboard Cassini will make gravity measurements that will help scientists better understand the moon's internal structure, which they can then compare to the inner structures of Saturn's other moons.
All eight of the spacecraft's instruments as well as its imager, JunoCam, will be on
during the flyby.
During the flyby, the spacecraft gathered an abundance of data on the planet, its atmosphere, its rings and its moons.
During the flyby, more than 32,000 people joined Battams and other solar scientists on a Google + Hangout.
During the flyby, Florence will travel south to north, passing through Capricornus, Aquarius, Delphinus, Vulpecula, and Cygnus.
During the flyby, the spacecraft will have to rely on their batteries for power because their panels won't always be pointed at the Sun, but they will (hopefully) be beaming data back to Earth as its relayed from InSight at a rate of 8 kilobits per second.