For example, there are oceanic cycles like the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO, comprised of El Niño and La Niña events), an 11 - year solar cycle, and particulates
released during volcanic eruptions which cause short - term cooling by blocking sunlight.
Magmas formed above subduction zones contain important amount of water that is essentially
degassed during volcanic eruptions or upon magma cooling and solidification at depth.
Although this process has no exact analogue on Earth, it can be related to terrestrial pyroclastic flows, which are gas - particle mixtures
generated during volcanic eruptions.
A pyroclastic surge is a turbulent, low - density cloud of hot rock debris and gases that are
ejected during a volcanic eruption that moves over the ground surface at a high speed.
Air bubbles collect and explode at the surface of many viscous liquids, as observed with polymer foams, in glass furnaces, and
during volcanic eruptions.
During volcanic eruptions, SO2 converts to sulfuric acid aerosols.
The transition zone controls the movement of magma that flows out
during a volcanic eruption.
Further,
during volcanic eruptions the ocean cools but for another reason: because volcanic aerosols shade the sun and thus the oceans are heated less than normal.