Other possibilities are the decomposition of organic matter in terrestrial settings, or the release of methane and carbon dioxide from deeply buried rocks
during volcanic events.
Not exact matches
Mercury is an element found in the Earth's crust that is typically only released in unhealthy quantities
during events like a
volcanic eruption.
Layered
volcanic rocks in Eastern Greenland that are up to 4 miles thick were formed
during ancient
volcanic eruptions that caused a global warming
event called the Palaeocene - Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM).
Any sediments left
during a large
volcanic event would therefore be expected to have unusually high mercury content.
Giant lateral collapses are rather common
events during the evolution of a large
volcanic edifice, often with dramatic consequences such as tsunami and volcano explosions.
During the 2000 - 2001 school year, Jason XII will explore Hawaii and compare
volcanic events on Earth with those throughout the solar system.
(For those «coming in in the middle» — assuming any such are still reading — this subthread began with a link I provided discussing the vulnerability our complex society bears WRT to very large
volcanic eruptions, in the context of the robustness of some Stone Age populations who «thrived»
during the
event — albeit at a considerable distance!)
El Nino intensity and frequency increase
during solar minima because negative NAO / AO increases, and major stratospheric
volcanic aerosol
events increase, also increasing El Nino conditions.
Volcanic eruptions and El Niño
events are identified as sharp cooling
events punctuating a long - term ocean warming trend, while heating continues
during the recent upper - ocean - warming hiatus, but the heat is absorbed in the deeper ocean.
We can see the temperature forcing of El Nino episodes driven by the surface cooling from large stratospheric
volcanic events, and some research suggests that near permanent El Nino conditions existed
during full glaciation ~ 20kyrs ago.
For example, there are oceanic cycles like the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO, comprised of El Niño and La Niña
events), an 11 - year solar cycle, and particulates released
during volcanic eruptions which cause short - term cooling by blocking sunlight.
The minimum phase showed higher frequency
events of
volcanic activity than the maximum phase
during the warming period, opposite to the cooling period.
Great mass extinction of species
during geological history (late Devonian, Permian - Triassic, end - Triassic, Cretaceous - Tertiary, Paleocene - Eocene) have been triggered by
volcanic, asteroid impact and greenhouse
events associated with sharp increases in atmospheric levels of CO2 and CH4.