Sentences with phrase «dust radiative forcing»

Shown are (A) dust radiative forcing (RF) anomaly relative to preindustrial and (B) iron fertilization parameter (IF) for ocean new production in the DCESS model (41) high - latitude zone.

Perlwitz et al. (2001) estimate that this feedback reduces the global dust load by roughly 15 %, as dust radiative forcing reduces the downward mixing of momentum within the planetary boundary layer, the surface wind speed, and thus dust emission (Miller et al., 2004a).

First, we will address dust radiative forcing, RF, relative to Holocene forcing.

For the current climate, we calculate the reduction in wet deposition by dust radiative forcing and find that the aerosol burden is increased only modestly.

From these relationships and reconstructed temperature time series, we diagnose glacial − interglacial time series of dust radiative forcing and iron fertilization of ocean biota, and use these time series to force Earth system model simulations.

The LGM was a very different world than the present, involving considerable expansions of sea ice, massive Northern Hemisphere land ice sheets, geographically inhomogeneous dust radiative forcing, and a different ocean circulation.

Not exact matches

Forcing caused by changes in the Sun's brightness, by dust in the atmosphere, or by volcanic aerosols can also be translated into radiative fForcing caused by changes in the Sun's brightness, by dust in the atmosphere, or by volcanic aerosols can also be translated into radiative forcingforcing.

Ice sheet albedo forcing is estimated to have caused a global mean forcing of about — 3.2 W m — 2 (based on a range of several LGM simulations) and radiative forcing from increased atmospheric aerosols (primarily dust and vegetation) is estimated to have been about — 1 W m — 2 each.

This was a relatively stable climate (for several thousand years, 20,000 years ago), and a period where we have reasonable estimates of the radiative forcing (albedo changes from ice sheets and vegetation changes, greenhouse gas concentrations (derived from ice cores) and an increase in the atmospheric dust load) and temperature changes.

For instance, what is the usual response of a CAGW movement supporter to learning that, under their own climate sensitivity assumptions, other forms of geoengineering than CO2 cutbacks could neutralize the predicted warming for < = ~ 1 % the cost and with lesser biological side - effects (such as stratospheric dispersion of micron - scale reflective dust staying suspended for months at appropriate altitude, in radiative forcing neutralizing orders of magnitude more than its own mass in CO2)?

The effect of this mixed dust - pollution plume on the Pacific cloud systems and the associated radiative forcing is an outstanding problem for understanding climate change and has not been explored.

However, the global dust burden and associated radiative forcing are substantially higher during glacial climates, so that the amplification of the dust load by this feedback is larger.

By extrapolating from its radiative forcing in the current climate, we estimate that dust reduces precipitation during glacial times by as much as half the reduction due to the colder climate alone.

Most of the GMT drop has been attributed to radiative forcing decreases from increased albedo due to equatorward ice extension and from decreased greenhouse gas concentrations; vegetation and atmospheric dust are thought to play secondary roles (20, 21).

We carried out a number of DCESS model simulations over the last three glacial cycles using the dust radiative and / or iron fertilization forcings shown in Fig. 4 and Fig.

Here we took a different approach by seeking and applying dust deposition observations from hotspots for dust radiative and iron fertilization forcing: NH subtropical latitudes and the Southern Ocean.

As shown in Fig. 1, the NH dominates global dust variability, and maximum radiative forcing is found between about 20 ° N to 60 ° N.

We use the above dust deposition − temperature relationships to derive climate dependencies of dust radiative and iron fertilization forcing under the assumption that both forcings vary in proportion to the dust deposition, and can therefore be expressed in the same form as Eq.

Since dust radiative and iron fertilization forcing are mainly concentrated in the NH and the SH, respectively, we use respective NH and SH temperature time series for this.

Comparison with data and data - based reconstructions over the last glacial cycle of a model simulation for combined dust radiative and iron fertilization forcing.

This is how the model deals with iron fertilization strength in the Southern Ocean (SO; see Dust Radiative and Iron Fertilization Forcings).

Internal variability doesn't imply an absence of radiative forcing but includes albedo changes from clouds, dust, snow and ice, vegetation and volcanoes.

Miller, R.L., and I. Tegen, 1999: Radiative forcing of a tropical direct circulation by soil dust aerosols.