There was an 86 percent change between the highest amount
of dust transported in 2007 and the lowest in 2011.
It is worth mentioning that a short - distance
dust transport from the Eastern Sahara, through Egypt, into Israel brings both coarse and fine fractions.
The team focused on
Saharan dust transported across the Atlantic Ocean to South America and beyond, to the Caribbean Sea, because it is the largest transport of dust on the planet.
A new study that analyzed concentrations of
African dust transported to South America shows large seasonal peaks in winter and spring.
A long -
distance dust transport from the Western Sahara, through Southern Europe, into the Eastern Mediterranean brings mainly fine fraction with size less than 1 micron.
Years of high rainfall in the Sahel were typically followed by
low dust transport in the next year.
Yu and his colleagues
analyzed dust transport estimates based on data collected by NASA's Cloud - Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) satellite between 2007 and 2013.
In computer models together with historical data, the team found that reduced
natural dust transported from the Gobi Desert in central and northern China translates to increased human - made air pollution in highly populated eastern China.
This increased availability of iron occurs in connection to increased
atmospheric dust transport during glacials, or (at a seasonal scale) during sea ice retreat during spring / summer.
You can check my 1988 - Naturwissenschaften - paper on
dust transport for the particle size versus suspension lifetime stats, The bottom line is that as millimeter sized grains fall out in hours, and vertical convection systems seldom cohere for days, few particles larger than tens of microns make it across the pond.
Many types of
dust transported at high altitudes tend to reflect sunlight, thus lowering the energy reaching earth, said Anderson.
The paper, titled «Characterizing the annual cycle of
African dust transport to the Caribbean Basin and South America and its impacts on the environment and air quality,» was published in the Early View online edition of the American Geophysical Union's journal Global Biogeochemical Cycles.
Li, D., and R. T. Pierrehumbert 2011: Sea glacier flow and
dust transport on Snowball Earth, Geophys.
Now, here is the complete paper that the Barbados graph (in original post) comes from, with an interesting quote: African droughts and
dust transport to the Caribbean: Climate change implications, P&L 2003