«Those are the things everyone was concerned about in
earlier embryo work,» says George Church, a CRISPR expert and geneticist at Harvard Medical School, who was not involved with the work.
Not exact matches
It's really only by scientists performing some of this essential
work on
early human
embryos that we are going to be able to understand why some
embryos make it and some don't.
For example, the team that edited human
embryos earlier this year saw no off - target effects, thanks to prep
work aimed at keeping CRISPR on a shorter leash.
Although
earlier work assumed that all plant cells were equally labile, recent evidence suggests that only a subset of cells can transform into
embryos.
The research builds on
earlier work by the Auke Bay Laboratories, part of NOAA Fisheries» Alaska Fisheries Science Center, which found much reduced survival of pink salmon exposed as
embryos to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from crude oil.
Thorold Theunissen, a postdoctoral fellow in Jaenisch's lab and co-first author of the study, says «Our
work provides a rigorous set of criteria for comparing naïve human stem cells to their counterparts in the
early human
embryo.
That approach is not affected by the new rule, since he doesn't
work with
early embryos, but NIH has asked him to speak at the November meeting.
In previous
work Tufts University developmental biologist Michael Levin found that patterns of electrical potentials in the
earliest stages of an
embryo's development can direct how an animal's body grows, and that manipulating those potentials can cause a creature to sprout extra limbs, tails or functioning eyes.
And oocytes are even worse because ovules are formed in
early stages of development and
working with
embryos is technically complex.»
I disagree with a moratorium, which is in any case unlikely to
work well, indeed I am fully supportive of research being carried out on
early human
embryos in vitro [in culture / in the lab], especially on
embryos that are not required for reproduction and would otherwise be discarded.
The researchers came upon their finding serendipitously, after
working out the molecular pathway, or succession of genes, that prompt the
early - stage formation of the endoderm, one of the three layers of cells that form the developing
embryo.
Izpisua Belmonte and colleagues published
work in the journal Nature last year reporting that they had been able to integrate human stem cells into
early - stage mouse
embryos so that the human stem cells began the first stages of differentiation — they appeared to begin the process of generating precursors of the body's various tissues and organs.
«The technology remains at an
early stage, and much more
work is needed to make sure that the technique is safe and optimized before we ascertain whether these eggs remain normal during the process, and can be fertilized to form
embryos that could lead to healthy babies,» says Ali Abbara, an endocrinologist from Imperial College London who didn't
work on this new study.
The
work was done on 86 very
early embryos that weren't viable, in order to minimize some of the ethical concerns.