Sentences with phrase «early brain alterations»

Not exact matches

She found that milestone achievement was abnormal in these monkeys: at six to eight weeks they were slow in starting to manipulate, and at ten months the increase in «motor disturbance behaviors» that normally occurs was prolonged.101 The author concludes, «These effects could occur as a result of effects on vulnerable brain processes during a sensitive period, interference with programming of [normal] brain development by endogenous [internal] agents or alteration in early experiences.»

Reductions in cortical folding may reflect alterations in brain development early in life in these disorders.

Depletion of a normal gut microbiome in early life, especially during the post-weaning period, may affect cognitive and social behaviours in the brain through the alteration of neuropeptides (chemical messengers) such as vasopressin and oxytocin (19,20).

In early childhood development, attachment is so important that a lack of connection to a secure attachment figure (most likely the mother, father, or other major caregiver) who was reliable and available results in physical alterations to the anatomy and chemistry of the brain, such as reduced brain activity and less developed cortexes.

The links between early life stress, alterations in biological stress regulatory systems, and health outcomes likely depend on neural regulation of stress responses in the brain.

For example, prenatal maternal anxiety is associated with an altered function of the placenta, in a way that may allow more cortisol to pass from mother to fetus.8 This probably underlies some of the alterations in fetal and child brain neurodevelopment following early exposure to stress and may also be one of the mediators of an altered epigenetic profile, although many other biological systems, including serotonin, dopamine and the pro-inflammatory cytokines, are also likely to be involved.

Understanding brain — behavior relationships in psychiatrically healthy samples, especially early in development, will help inform normative developmental trajectories and neural alterations in depression and other affective pathology.