OH 83: A new
early modern human fossil cranium from the Ndutu Beds of Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania.
A large international research team, led by Israel Hershkovitz from Tel Aviv University and including Rolf Quam from Binghamton University, State University of New York, has discovered
the earliest modern human fossil ever found outside of Africa.
Not exact matches
While
fossil records prove that some anatomically
modern human groups reached the Levantine corridor (the
modern Middle East) as
early as 100,000 years ago, genetic testing indicates that
human populations inhabiting the globe today descended from a single group that migrated from Africa only 70,000 years ago — an unexplained gap of 30,000 years.
Homo erectus — an
early ancestor of
modern humans — resembled a squat body builder more than a svelte distance runner, a newly unearthed
fossil pelvis suggests.
Intermixing does not surprise paleoanthropologists who have long argued on the basis of
fossils that archaic
humans, such as the Neandertals in Eurasia and Homo erectus in East Asia, mated with
early moderns and can be counted among our ancestors — the so - called multiregional evolution theory of
modern human origins.
Flo is «one of the most complete
fossils found anywhere until you get to true burials, like in Neanderthals and
early modern humans,» says Jungers, who has been closely involved in Homo floresiensis research.
In addition to being the oldest known example of an
early primate skeleton, the new
fossil is crucial in elucidating a pivotal event in primate and
human evolution — the evolutionary divergence that led to
modern monkeys, apes and
humans (collectively known as anthropoids) on one branch, and to living tarsiers on the other.
«Scientists discover oldest known
modern human fossil outside of Africa: Analysis of
fossil suggests Homo sapiens left Africa at least 50,000 years
earlier than previously thought.»
The standard story is that
modern humans left Africa 60,000 years ago, but
fossils and genetics hint that an
earlier migration made it to China
More
fossil and genetic data will help researchers further resolve the relationships between our
early ancestors and how they shaped
modern human evolution.
They have thinner brow ridges and less robust skull bones, similar to
early modern humans and some other Asian
fossils.
A
fossil that was celebrated last year as a possible «missing link» between
humans and
early primates is actually a forebearer of
modern - day lemurs and lorises, according to two papers by scientists at The University of Texas at Austin, Duke University and the University of Chicago.
The
fossils included characteristics from late archaic /
early modern humans, Middle Pleistocene Eurasians, and western Eurasian Neanderthals, hinting at possible intermixing.
In terms of features from the late archaic /
early modern humans found throughout the Old World, the researchers observed the
fossils as having a large size that fitted a large brain, and cranial vaults that were lightly built and had modest brow ridges.
Prior
fossil finds indicate that
modern humans were living in a southern Italy cave as
early as 45,000 years ago.
The
fossils, which was labeled «archaic Homo,» share combined features of Neanderthals,
earlier eastern Eurasian
humans and
modern humans.
Based on the age of well - preserved
fossil teeth found in the newly excavated Fuyan Cave in Daoxian (southern China),
modern humans were in southern China 30,000 — 70,000 years
earlier than in the Levant and Europe.
Serre et al. (2004) were able to sequence mtDNA from four other Neandertal
fossils, along with mtDNA from five
early modern humans.
That is, the
earliest anatomically
modern humans had the cognitive capacity for behavioral modernity when their
fossils first appeared in the record.
Finally, the discovery and use of
fossil fuels enabled
humans to escape the backbreaking manual work that characterized
earlier human civilization by allowing the development of
modern economies with all the conveniences that energy use makes possible in high income countries.