Sentences with phrase «early vertebrate»

They report that the genes encoding the different subunits of PDE6 in cones and rods arose from ancestral genes that duplicated in the early vertebrate genome doublings, and further expanded in teleosts due to the extra genome duplication that took place in this lineage.

Zebrafish are one of the most promising models for the study of early vertebrate development and gene function.

Tail use improves soft substrate performance in models of early vertebrate land locomotors.

Just like the opsins were multiplied and evolved distinct functions in early vertebrate evolution, also the transducins and their target enzyme were duplicated and diverged to separate functions.

If the denticles of some very early vertebrate had migrated into the jaw, grown larger and gained new functions, the speculation went, they could have given rise to modern choppers.

What do they know about the earliest vertebrate environment and some aspects of dermal skeletal tissue or the Opaque 2 function in maize?

This evidence suggests that hard parts appeared in order to make the earliest vertebrates more efficient hunters and killers, says Purnell.

Conodonts, tiny eel - like creatures that lived from 520 million to 205 million years ago and were our earliest vertebrate relatives, have long been one of paleontology's great enigmas.

«Our embryological research helps us understand exactly how the gill structures in early vertebrates such as Metaspriggina relate to the gills of living forms,» says Gillis.

«Deeper origin of gill evolution suggests «active lifestyle» link in early vertebrates.»

It was widely ignored until Philippe Janvier cited my paper in the definitive book on early vertebrates.

«This variation made us wonder how the earliest vertebrates built their backbones.»

I did field work in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, and found ample evidence in the sediment — which contained early jawless fishes, some of the oldest fragments known — for signatures of freshwater deposits, [which suggest that the earliest vertebrates originated in freshwater streams and rivers].

«The scales of most fish that live today are very different from the ancient scales of early vertebrates,» says study author Dr Andrew Gillis from Cambridge's Department of Zoology and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole.

Pterosaurs were among the earliest vertebrates to steadily flap their wings to power their flying.

This allowed early vertebrates to expand their visual range from water - adapted eyesight to seeing through air.

Not exact matches

«The broad picture,» Yau says, «is that the local pupillary light reflex appeared early in primitive vertebrates such as jawless fish, even before the brain got involved.

In «Evolution of the Eye,» Trevor Lamb draws together multiple lines of evidence to create a persuasive narrative for the early evolution of the vertebrate eye.

Describing the find at a meeting of the Society for Vertebrate Paleontology in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, last month, Shimada speculated that the ancient tooth might have been washed downstream to Nebraska by floods, or carried as a ritual object by early humans.

It is obviously not possible to study the hearing of the early terrestrial vertebrates, which became extinct long ago.

A team of Danish researchers from Aarhus University, Aarhus University Hospital and the University of Southern Denmark therefore studied the hearing of lungfish and salamanders, which have an ear structure that is comparable to that of different kinds of early terrestrial vertebrates.

The study therefore indicates that the early terrestrial vertebrates were also able to hear prior to developing the tympanic middle ear.

The Daohugou Biota makes an immense contribution to our understanding of vertebrate evolution during this period, with such notable creatures as the oldest known gliding mammal, another early mammal that may have swum with a beaver - like tail, the oldest dinosaurs preserved with feathers, and a pterosaur that represents an important transitional form between two major groups.

So this is a timely book, and a fitting memorial to Everett C. Olson, one of the American coauthors, who contributed so much to the study of early land - going vertebrates.

Although it is one of the earliest known members this group, its thickened skull dome is surprisingly well - developed for its geological age,» said lead author Evans, ROM curator, vertebrate palaeontology.

The wandering cells are neural crest cells, which appear early in development in vertebrate embryos.

This supports the view that teeth evolved from scales, which arose much earlier in vertebrate evolution.»

protected animals» (i.e., bacteria, fungi, plants, invertebrate animals); studies on vertebrates at early stages of development (before they become?

For her PhD, Viglietti studied the fossil - rich sediments present in the Karoo, deposited during the tectonic events that created the Gondwanides, and found that the vertebrate animals in the area started to either go extinct or become less common much earlier than what was previously thought.

A team led by Xing Xu at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology in Beijing used computer software to examine evolutionary relationships among early birds and related dinosaurs, based on 374 skeletal characteristics.

With their proto - lungs and proto - limbs, lungfish represent the earliest stage in the evolution of air - breathing vertebrates.

Their findings suggest that even the earliest animals had the makings of both vertebrate and invertebrate visual systems, and that some of the photoreceptor cells in the invertebrate brain were transformed through a series of steps into vertebrate eyes.

When the researchers built an evolutionary tree from these comparative data, the amphioxus branched off earliest, followed by tunicates and larvaceans, with vertebrates being the most recent to evolve, the team reports 23 February in Nature.

As earliest jawed vertebrates grew, toothlike structures glommed onto the edge of a rugged plate

«Rainforest collapse 307 million years ago impacted the evolution of early land vertebrates.»

The belief in five digits as an ancestral character has even extended to fossil reconstructions of Ichthyostega, one of the earliest terrestrial vertebrates from the Devonian (about 390 to 340 million years ago).

Those prints were made by the earliest tetrapod (four - legged) land vertebrate ever found.

It seems far more likely that variation in early terrestrial vertebrates was honed down to five because this was an adequate number for scraping around on land.

«These findings demonstrate a single origin of gills that likely corresponds with a key stage in vertebrate evolution: when some of our earliest relatives transitioned from filtering particles out of water pumped through static bodies to actively swimming through the oceans,» says lead author Dr Andrew Gillis, a Royal Society University Research Fellow in Cambridge's Department of Zoology, and a Whitman Investigator at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, US.

She's now working on a new game, «Suddenly Cute,» in which players learn how small changes early in a vertebrate's embryonic development can lead to big differences in adults.

The early tetrapods (from the Ancient Greek word meaning «four - footed») were the first vertebrates to tread terra firma, developing lungs to capture atmospheric oxygen and turning fins into legs, but with a life cycle that was still closely tied to aquatic environments.

A tiny fossil from China could be the earliest of all deuterostomes, creatures that eventually led to evolution of all vertebrates, including humans

In addition, researchers assumed that the ancient equatorial regions were too hot for vertebrates to live during the Early Triassic.

Finds such as the newly discovered Birgeria species and the fossils of other vertebrates now show that so - called apex predators (animals at the very top of the food chain) already lived early after the mass extinction.

The studies» analysis of sedimentary layers deposited with early terrestrial vertebrate fossils established that portions of our distant ancestors» environment dried out seasonally, but year - round much of it was, yep, a swamp.

In the early twentieth century, axolotls were central to understanding how organs develop and function in vertebrates.

Fossilised soft tissue from an extinct group of eel - like creatures, called conodonts, has yielded support for the idea that vertebrates existed 40 million years earlier than previously believed.

From an evolutionary perspective, the findings reveal that sophisticated immune defense mechanisms in respiratory surfaces came about very early in vertebrate evolution.

Dr Wenban - Smith explains the Ebbsfleet area would have been very different from today: «Rich fossilised remains surrounding the elephant skeleton, including pollen, snails and a wide variety of vertebrates, provide a remarkable record of the climate and environment the early humans inhabited.

A quarry in Strud, Belgium, that was excavated between 2004 and 2015 yielded fossils of multiple species of placoderms, which are extinct, armored fish that represent some of the earliest jawed vertebrates on Earth.