Academia, industry, and public policy have assumed rational
economic behavior for so long that we've forgotten about the other aspects of human behavior, aspects that don't fit as neatly into a mathematically precise framework.
Yet, it's only the latest in a string of events that risk fundamentally altering norms that have dictated
economic behavior for the past 70 years.
Not exact matches
Members of Congress are working to adjust aspects of the Dodd - Frank regulatory overhaul, which was passed in the aftermath of the financial crisis in an effort to tighten the
behavior of a banking industry blamed
for much of the
economic instability.
By varying the monkeys» budgets and the amounts of food they would receive
for a disk, the researchers found that the monkeys»
behavior was within 1 % of what could be predicted from
economic theory.
Figure 1 shows this value - destroying
behavior in action
for GE (GE) by comparing between the amount of money spent buying back shares and the price to
economic book value (PEBV), a measure of the growth expectations embedded in the stock price.
Incongruent central bank decisions, uneven
economic growth around the world, and currency volatility may continue
for now, paving the way
for loss - aversion
behavior to make further appearances over the summer.
According to the national economics standards, students should be taught only the «majority paradigm» or «neoclassical model» of
economic behavior,
for to include «strongly held minority views of
economic processes risks confusing and frustrating teachers and students, who are then left with the responsibility of sorting the qualifications and alternatives without a sufficient foundation to do so.»
That
economic terms apply to religious
behavior indicates a larger truth
for Stark: both
economic and religious choices are governed by reason.
Recent findings have provided direct empirical and quantitative support
for economic models that acknowledge the influence of emotional factors on decision - making
behavior.
When we study the Islamic economy as a way which Islam prescribes
for individual and social
behavior in the
economic field and examine Islam's rules in this area, we can conclude that its most important attribute is social justice.
Yet
for some reason we are convinced at the moment that the ways of our economy should be identical with the laws of the market, and therefore we depart resolutely from norms and customs that controlled
economic behavior through our long history of increasing prosperity.
The mayor has continued to press
for police reform and has spoken out aggressively on issues of
economic inequality, often assailing the
behavior of Wall Street firms that Mr. Bloomberg vigorously defended.
Vermont Center on
Behavior and Health Director Stephen Higgins, Ph.D., and colleagues, have developed an effective behavioral
economic approach that offers women financial incentives
for quitting.
«Job loss was not simply a proxy
for other aspects of the state's
economic climate, but instead represented a meaningful
economic shock, which led to changes in girls» and black adolescents» suicide - related
behaviors,» Gassman - Pines writes.
«These findings may be especially relevant
for legal and
economic decisions and serve as a potential example of how people punish unfair or negative
behavior in real - life,» Kubota and Phelps conclude.
Although these
economic models have provided a strong and unifying foundation
for the development of theory about decision - making, several decades of research on these topics has produced a wealth of evidence demonstrating that, in practice, these models do not provide a satisfactory description of actual human
behavior.
Donna Spruijt - Metz, director of the mHealth Collaboratory at the USC Center
for Economic and Social Research, and her team are testing an innovative approach to address obesity: devices that measure mood and eating
behaviors rather than focusing on dietary intake.
Significantly, however, the study found that the link between the
behaviors and the lower risk of obesity held even after they controlled
for a family's
economic status and other factors, which suggests that the
behaviors are beneficial regardless of a family's circumstances.
People and socio -
economic factors have been blamed
for environmental degradation, but we have not routinely taken a gendered approach to understanding environmental
behaviors or to shaping campaigns and strategies.
Furthermore, it makes no sense that evolution would have selected
for the hunting
behavior, hunting proclivities, and hunting culture themselves unless there was a deep
economic need underlying it.
[Education] «is commonly used in human mating
behavior as a proxy
for resources and future provision as it can represent
economic advantages,» said researcher Robert Whyte.
Nistico found that some of the sugar babies used the excuse of the
economic downturn
for behavior she thinks they would still have otherwise condoned.
In this way we can develop compassion towards others which could be an ethical guideline
for future
behavior of actors such as consultants, lawyers and bankers in financial markets while contributing to long term
economic growth and prosperity.
In addition, students at Belle Vue participated in a school - wide
economic system, in which they earned «salaries»
for positive attitudes and
behaviors and
for running enterprises such as a school store, post office, and bank.
Economic opportunity is a decent proxy
for engagement across generations and community health as a whole, but the thing people in these areas are missing isn't just wealth and growth — it is a support system, a social network they can leverage more easily and effectively than drugs or self - destructive
behaviors.
I think that Danielle's
behavior changed out of necessity and WWII changed women's
economic status
for the same reason.
That same year the Organization
for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) ranked Mexico number one when it came to cases of abusive
behavior in middle schools.
The product of decades of reflection on issues of authority, inequality, and injustice, this volume analyzes fluctuating moral beliefs and
behavior in political and
economic affairs at different points in history, from the early Middle Ages in England to the prospects
for liberalism under twentieth - century Soviet socialism.
This is because consumers» spending
behavior for certain products don't change even during a tough
economic environment while their appetite
for other goods can evaporate; thus, a defensive strategy would be to invest in companies that are behind such products.
4) The way I understand the FOMC's
behavior at present, is that they will drop rates hard
for a time, and then remove policy accommodation dramatically once normal
economic activity resumes.
Academic research has sought to provide explanations
for this anomalous
behavior (meaning that it's irrational from an
economic perspective).
FHA lenders must verify that at least one year has passed since the foreclosure, short sale or bankruptcy and that the
economic event was directly responsible
for the bankruptcy or foreclosure rather than any irresponsible
behavior by the borrowers.
According to the Council
for Economic Education (CEE), which promotes economic and financial education in the classroom, students who have taken a class in personal finance are more likely to engage in financially responsible behaviors such as saving, budgeting and investing.1 Consider the foll
Economic Education (CEE), which promotes
economic and financial education in the classroom, students who have taken a class in personal finance are more likely to engage in financially responsible behaviors such as saving, budgeting and investing.1 Consider the foll
economic and financial education in the classroom, students who have taken a class in personal finance are more likely to engage in financially responsible
behaviors such as saving, budgeting and investing.1 Consider the following...
We offer training classes and
behavior modification programs, a low cost spay / neuter center, humane education programs, a free
behavior help line, a pet food pantry
for residents in
economic distress, Project Pet Safe
for companion pets of victims of domestic abuse, and Animeals, a program to deliver pet food to elderly pet owners who no longer have the freedom or ability to leave their homes.
Having said that, I will thank him
for going to a local farmers market and showing the kind of consuming
behavior that will help us get out of our current non local, global
economic pickle.
In putting forth this
economic theory, Dr. Shobe postulates that if compliance entities know that the allowance supply is going to be reduced in the future then current
behavior will reflect that and they will purchase additional allowances now to bank
for future use.
The issues highlighted in the document include: reconnect science and policy, catalyze rapid and transformative changes in human
behavior towards the environment, develop new insights on water - land interactions, accelerate the implementation of environmentally - friendly renewable energy, integrate biodiversity across the environmental and
economic agendas, manage the unintended consequences of climate change mitigation and adaptation, and develop a new approach
for minimizing risks of novel technologies and chemicals.
carbon tax a levy exacted by a government on the use of carbon - containing fuels
for the purpose of influencing human
behavior (specifically
economic behavior) to use less fossil fuels
ecotax a levy exacted by a government
for the purpose of influencing human
behavior (specifically
economic behavior) to follow an ecologically benign path
The specific nature of the
behavior associated with a housing trend,
for example, can be
for a variety of reasons beyond just lifestyle; including
economic, security, financial, preparation and even food.
Social Justice and Environment Preservation (achieving the Millennium Development Goals with food, water, and energy security; sustainable
economic development; non-intensive agriculture; education on climate change and environment to inform and change
behavior; public health; mental health; support
for small - scale farmers, women and children; rights of small - island and coastal peoples; sustainable forestry; conservation; humane treatment of animals, avoiding species extinction, maintaining biodiversity).
Ignoring
for example, that the
behavior of group of sub prime mortgages bundled into CDOs would most likely not be independent of each other set investors up with a bunch of crappy investments that were more likely to perform poorly in an
economic downturn... the covariance of the underlying mortgages increased risk, not decreased it, and one didn't have to be econometrician in order to anticipate this outcome... Ex post selection of data (without clear rational protocols, established before data are collected and analyzed) is unforgivable, and should be intolerable.
Payments
for environmental services (PES) schemes are another
economic instrument that encourages adaptive
behavior.
Simply improving messaging in accordance with recommendations of psychologists or following the recommendations of economists to create
economic incentives to engage in less GHG producing
behavior will not likely create strong citizen support
for climate change policies unless citizens better understand that the narrative created by opponents of climate change policies about high levels of scientific uncertainty and unacceptable harm to the economy from the adoption of climate policies is not only false but has been manufactured by fossil fuel companies and other entities which have
economic interests in continuing high levels of fossil fuel consumption.
Price elasticities can be difficult to interpret, as demand can change
for reasons beyond changes in fuel price, including changes in other
economic factors (e.g., income), demographics, driver
behavior, vehicle fuel efficiency, and other structural factors.
And if you believe, as do many conservatives, that government intervention in markets and in social arrangements should be kept to a minimum, you can find factual support
for your views in the long - term unpredictability of regional climate
behavior, the significant
economic and social costs associated with shifting to more expensive energy sources, and the historical failure of government efforts to steer large - scale social and
economic change.
Reinhardt, F., 1999: Market failure and the environmental policies of firms,
economic rationales
for «beyond compliance»
behavior.
As every kilowatt - hour not consumed is one potentially sold to the grid an
economic incentive kicks in which is equally important
for energy efficient
behavior.
For example, all estimates of government revenue and outgo depend on some sort of
economic model, which superficially have the same weaknesses as climate models: validation issues, adjustable parameters, some key processes (convection, precipitation, human
behavior) can't be reliably modeled.
In the face of a concrete example of inelastic electrical demand, your rebuttal includes no explanation
for why Hawaii should be an exception to expected
economic behavior of a general population other than some rather ignorant implications about how you believe the Hawaiian demographic is constituted.