It is widely recognised that Indigenous communities are much more vulnerable to climate change because of the social and
economic disadvantage Indigenous communities already face: [24]
Not exact matches
Money would then be available to bring needy schools up to 95 per cent of the government's schooling resource standard (SRS), which is calculated by taking a base cost for educating each student and adding money for
disadvantage (such as coming from a low socio -
economic background, being
indigenous, or living in a remote area).
The social foundations of children's mental and physical health and well - being are threatened by climate change because of: effects of sea level rise and decreased biologic diversity on the
economic viability of agriculture, tourism, and
indigenous communities; water scarcity and famine; mass migrations; decreased global stability46; and potentially increased violent conflict.47 These effects will likely be greatest for communities already experiencing socioeconomic
disadvantage.48
The National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Legal Services (NATSILS) statement says it welcomes recognition of the report that socio -
economic disadvantage and changes to laws and judicial processes «underpin» the continued rise in over-incarceration of
Indigenous people in Australia.
In
Indigenous affairs generally, social indicator analysis is increasingly used to quantify the degree of relative
disadvantage and to monitor the effects of government policy and
economic development in general.
So how have the new arrangements matched with the rhetoric and begun to demonstrate their potential to impact on the social and
economic disadvantage experienced by
Indigenous Australians?
The NIC Principles are aimed at addressing
economic and social
disadvantage in
Indigenous communities by providing an opportunity for individual home ownership and business enterprise on communal lands.
The central message in this report, however, is that native title has been distanced from debates about addressing
Indigenous disadvantage and has not been considered a tool for achieving
economic prosperity.
[17] Whilst there is widespread agreement and concern about the state of
Indigenous disadvantage measured against a range of
economic and social indicators, there is less recognition that this situation reflects a profound failure to afford
Indigenous Australians their full range of human rights.
The reasons are clear - cut and widely - accepted:
Indigenous people continue to suffer
economic disadvantage, social disruption and systemic discrimination.
Two years on from the introduction of the new arrangements, we are yet to see significant improvements in
Indigenous levels of
disadvantage — whether it be in relation better access to mainstream services, or
economic independence.
The central message in this report is that native title has been distanced from debates about addressing
Indigenous disadvantage and has not been considered a tool for achieving
economic prosperity.
An individualist emphasis on replacing welfare
disadvantage with
economic independence, as problems of corporate governance within
Indigenous community organizations become the rationale for a shift to individual and family rights.
Similarly in late June 2005, all Australian governments reaffirmed their commitment to «advance reconciliation and address the social and
economic disadvantages experienced by many
indigenous Australians» at the meeting of the Council of Australian Governments.38 This Communique © from COAG commits to
indigenous participation at all levels; engagement with representative organisations; flexible approaches and adequate resources to support capacity at the local and regional levels.39 The Communique © also recognised the importance of a learning approach to service delivery and policy development.
Similarly, the basic structure of the new arrangements for service delivery and policy development has now been in place for long enough to assess whether they are capable of meeting the extensive commitments made by all Australian governments to address the social and
economic disadvantage experienced by
Indigenous Australians.
General health issues, it seems, are picked up within the related broader policy goals of the Commonwealth which it declares are to «address directly the effects of severe socio -
economic disadvantage suffered by
Indigenous people through improved outcomes in health, housing, education and employment» [104].
[t] he government came to office with a firm commitment to address the unacceptable level of
disadvantage suffered by Australia's
Indigenous people, particularly in the key socio -
economic areas of health, housing education and employment»; [27]
Poverty, unemployment, poorer education and
economic marginalisation are key socio -
economic drivers of
indigenous health
disadvantage.
It required that the control over
Indigenous people's lives be removed from the public institutions of the mainstream society, particularly those formalised through the police and criminal justice system, and that the unequal basis of the relationship be remedied by addressing the profound
economic, social and cultural
disadvantage experienced by
Indigenous peoples.
«Governments can make a real difference in the lives of
indigenous people by addressing social and
economic disadvantage, including life expectancy, and improving governance and service delivery arrangements with
indigenous people.
To provide sufficient government accountability for the outcomes of
Indigenous affairs policies, through greater transparency in policy formulation and scrutiny; and to integrate a human rights approach to redressing
Indigenous disadvantage into the
economic policy making process, the following five, integrated requirements must be addressed.
However,
Indigenous Australians continue to suffer grossly disproportionate rates of
disadvantage against all measures of socio -
economic status, including health (ABS, 2013; AIHW, 2011a, 2011b).
• ensure that within each specific target of Closing the Gap in
Indigenous Disadvantage, the impact of alcohol is recognised in all strategies and targets including addressing the social and
economic determinants of high risk drinking, and
In particular, it is able to tie together the aims of promoting recognition of
Indigenous rights, with the related aims of overcoming
disadvantage and achieving
economic independence.
Factors such as landlessness, poverty and
disadvantage across a range of socio -
economic indicators, render many
Indigenous people unable to participate fully and effectively in Australian society.
The Committee expresses its deep concern that, despite the efforts and achievements of the State party, the
indigenous populations of Australia continue to be at a comparative
disadvantage in the enjoyment of
economic, social and cultural rights, particularly in the field of employment, housing, health and education (UN Doc E / C.12 / 1 / Add.50, 1 September 2000)
Australia now experiences an extraordinary paradox - while Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander peoples make up more than 2.4 % of the population and are a vibrant, integral part of Australian culture, there is compelling evidence of massive social and
economic disadvantage experienced by
Indigenous people.
There is, however, a long - standing, widespread acknowledgement across all sectors of the legal system that cultural factors and socio -
economic disadvantage are barriers to accessing justice within the Australian legal system and that these are barriers that confront
Indigenous people across all jurisdictions.
The Framework, led from «front of government» by then Canadian Prime Minister Paul Martin, appears to place equal value on the «pillars» of health — health, lifelong learning, safe and sustainable communities, housing,
economic opportunity, lands and resources, and governance and relationships.19 It has also been suggested that there has been an increased realisation in Australian policy that a broadly based approach is required across government departments to address health
disadvantages faced by
Indigenous Australians.20
The Commonwealth, State and Territory governments have also responded to the alarming levels of
disadvantage in
Indigenous communities with policies aimed at
economic and social development for
Indigenous people.
The Introduction of the paper notes the extent of
Indigenous socio -
economic disadvantage in Australia.
These are classified as special measures or as distinctions that are not discriminatory because the purpose is to address the significant social and
economic disadvantage experienced by
Indigenous peoples.
The Commission believes that the Government should continue to support this project, as a major component of their strategy to improving
economic development outcomes for
Indigenous people and closing the gap between
Indigenous and non-
Indigenous Australians in key areas of
disadvantage.
Perhaps reflecting an emphasis on «practical reconciliation», the Draft framework consequently fails to develop a series of indicators of
Indigenous socio -
economic disadvantage within a rights framework.
(g) The State party continue its efforts to address the socio -
economic disadvantage that, inter alia, leads to a disproportionate number of
indigenous Australians coming into contact with the criminal justice system (UN Doc: A / 56/44, paras 47 - 53, 21 November 2000)
As a result of their
disadvantaged socio -
economic status, most
Indigenous Australians will be required to register for the access card in order to gain or maintain access to social welfare payments, Medicare services, and the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme;
In particular, an emphasis on governance is able to tie together the aims of promoting recognition of
Indigenous rights with the related aims of overcoming
disadvantage and achieving
economic independence.
The State party continue its efforts to address the socio -
economic disadvantage that, inter alia, leads to a disproportionate number of
indigenous Australians coming into contact with the criminal justice system
The report concludes there is a «clear
economic justification for government action to reduce
Indigenous disadvantage» based on a reduction in the burden of disease and an improvement in the ability of
Indigenous Australians to contribute to and share
economic prosperity.
The reasons derive in part from a combination of the ongoing impact of colonisation on the culture, laws and traditions of
Indigenous communities, poverty and other forms of socio -
economic disadvantage.
the Productivity Commission's Overcoming
Indigenous Disadvantage framework, which measures the total impact of Australian government activities on a range of
Indigenous socio -
economic indicators, including health;
«It is woefully inadequate that, despite having enjoyed over two decades of
economic growth, Australia has not been able to improve the social
disadvantage of its
Indigenous population.
The Australian Government's overall priority in
indigenous affairs is to support Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people to overcome a history of
disadvantage within Australian society, through a combination of initiatives designed to address health and welfare needs, while encouraging
economic development and self - reliance... It aims to ensure that all Australians share equally in a common future which will form the basis of a lasting reconciliation.
The Social Justice Report 2000 noted that to date there has been insufficient attention given by governments to processes which ensure greater
Indigenous participation and control over service design and delivery as part of an overall strategy to redress
Indigenous disadvantage and
economic marginalisation.
In Australia, we should be particularly mindful of the difference in life chances that exist as a result of socio -
economic disadvantage, especially in respect of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, and make it a priority to achieve governments» commitment to Close the Gap in
Indigenous life expectancy, child mortality, education and employment.
In 2008, Reconciliation Australia published An overview of the
economic impact of
Indigenous disadvantage, a report commissioned from Access Economics, that attempted, for the first time, to quantify the
economic impact of
Indigenous socio -
economic disadvantage.
And as is well known,
Indigenous peoples in Australia experience socio -
economic disadvantage on all major indicators.