«We want to monitor the change along
the edge of the ice sheet, particularly the outlet glaciers that are critical for stability,» says geophysicist Michael Studinger of Columbia University's Lamont — Doherty Earth Observatory, and a member of the ICE Bridge team.
Once the warm water reaches the coast, it circulates under the floating portion of the glacier via submarine canyons, melting
the edge of the ice sheet from below.
«There have been many efforts over the years to photograph
the edge of the ice sheet, for many purposes,» he added.
Researchers at the University of Washington and the University of Edinburgh used data from the European Space Agency's CryoSat - 2 to identify a sudden drainage of large pools below Thwaites Glacier, one of two fast - moving glaciers at
the edge of the ice sheet.
Especially in West Antarctica, where much of the ice sheet sits below sea level, complex interactions at
the edge of the ice sheet can sensitively affect the rate of ice - sheet retreat.
Core samples from the largest Antarctic lake, Lake Vostok, revealed genetic traces of microbes frozen at
the edge of the ice sheet.
The caves in the limestone gorge of Creswell Crags have provided archaeologists with important evidence of human activity towards the end of the last Ice Age when the area was right at
the edge of the ice sheet.
Thomas, I appreciate that they are imperfect things to compare, but have you ever seen pictures of the ice pack near
the edge of the ice sheet where the melting is happening fastest?
Around
the edges of the ice sheet, though, there is accelerated melting.
Collecting data from NASA's satellite Gravity and Recovery Climate Experiment, known as GRACE, and GPS measurements of the bedrock on
the edges of the ice sheet, the Denmark Technical Institute's National Space Institute in Copenhagen was able to show that crustal uplift due to ice loss has gone up by 1.5 inches between October 2005 and August 2009 along the northwest coast, a change that study co-author John Wahr calls «very dramatic».
In these areas, the location of
the edge of the ice sheet is very sensitive to both ocean condition and the amount of ice fracturing (crevasses or rifts).
If a relatively small chunk of ice currently plugging
the edge of an ice sheet in Antarctica were to melt, it could release massive amounts of ice into the ocean that would significantly increase global sea level for the next 10,000 years, according to a new report.
This ocean will be incredibly important for sea level rise, because the easiest way to destabilise the Antarctic Ice Sheet is to warm up the ocean and melt the ice shelves (
the edges of the ice sheet which extend over the ocean) from below.
Especially in West Antarctica, where much of the ice sheet sits below sea level, complex interactions at
the edge of the ice sheet can sensitively affect the rate of ice - sheet retreat.
And it's partly driven by rising ocean temperatures, as warmer water chews away at
the edges of the ice sheet.
«Like many others, I had in mind the ongoing dramatic retreat and speedup along
the edges of the ice sheet, so I'd assumed that the interior was faster now too.
Long, roughly parallel cracks score the surface, formed by water and pressure; impossibly blue lakes of meltwater fill depressions; and veiny networks of azure streams meander west, flowing to
the edge of the ice sheet and eventually out to sea.