Sentences with phrase «effect of a policy when»

Meta - analysis is an ideal approach to identifying the common effect of a policy when many rigorous but small and particular empirical studies vary in their individual conclusions.

fernandoleanme — that's an interesting sidebar, since was Hansen was predicting the effect of policy when he spoke to Congress, his prediction necessarily had to predict the relationship between policy (emissions) and GHG concentrations, and those predictions (like the dependent temperature prediction) turned out to be wrong.

Not exact matches

When investor preferences are risk - seeking, overly loose monetary policy can have a disastrous effect by promoting reckless speculation and enhancing the ability of low - quality borrowers to issue debt to yield - starved investors.

Those changes to its policy, which were announced in 2014 and went into effect in 2015, limited the amount of relevant information that could be shared with third - party developers, specifically when it came to friends» data.

Competition spread more openly to the market for existing borrowers in mid 1996 when banks cut the interest rate on standard variable - rate loans independently of any effect on funding costs from a change in monetary policy.

As a minimum, however, the effects of changes in interest rates should be removed when trying to assess underlying inflation for policy purposes.

A church - state conflict arises when government adopts a policy that has the effect of restricting freedom of conscience or of imposing on all a policy essentially based on the ethos of a particular religious tradition (example: a law outlawing contraception or mandating devotion to Mary in a public school).

The policy has play on the outer courts stopped at the ends of sets that were in progress when the rules went into effect.

This study provided comprehensive evidence of the effect of interventions on early initiation, exclusive, continued and any breastfeeding rates when delivered in five settings: (i) Health systems and services (ii) Home and family environment (iii) Community environment (iv) Work environment (v) Policy environment or a combination of any of above.

«Since 2003, I have had the pleasure to work with thousands of schools across the country to improve competitive foods before there was a policy to do so and have personally seen the beneficial transformative effect that occurs when a school goes from junk - food vending to healthy vending.

Weprin also disagrees with Obama on that issue, but the former mayor said sending a Republican to Congress will have more of an effect when voters do not agree with the president's policies.

But guess what, a random economist wouldn't know ^ & about economic effect of drug policies either, because they study effects of sales of toothpaste, or behavior of shoppers when the store is cold, or price movements of Uber rides.

Under that policy, which takes effect in 2018, workers will be allowed to take up to 12 weeks of paid family leave to care for a baby or seriously sick relative or when a spouse is called to military duty.

OK, let's accept that he can use that defence, but only on condition that when he talks about Labour's «legacy», he includes the effects of the policies that Labour would have implemented had it won a fourth term.

The most direct is that the HOV - lane policy, when in effect, reduced the overall number of cars on the roads by encouraging car - sharing — and the ensuing, post-HOV conditions simply increased overall traffic levels everywhere.

«We could use the experiences of adults in states that did not expand Medicaid as a comparison when examining the experiences of adults in states that did expand Medicaid in order to evaluate the effect of the policy,» she said.

«From a policy perspective, we have to recognize that we have been trending toward drier conditions over the last 1,500 years and the warming in Nevada is only going to exacerbate that trend,» he said, noting that «warmer temperatures cause more soil moisture to evaporate so you amplify the effects of drought when climate is warming.

The effect persisted even when the researchers, from the University of Michigan Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, took into account other differences between the two types of states.

At least the Commission, when deciding what policies to propose on issues such as the safety of nanoparticles, the impact of biofuel crops over food prices or chemical substances with hormone - disrupting effects is attempting to pursue policy that reflects the wishes of European citizens.

When gathering testimony about the effects of this approach to policy - making, the film's four major threads don't venture far from their central subjects.

When it dumbs down the comedy of errors that is our Middle East policy, the picture has the effect of limiting its own scope.

The gains are large when compared to other possible policy interventions, such as the effects of attending a school with higher average achievement levels or enrolling in a charter school.

But it also decreases the value of the benefits received by risk - averse employees, which needs to be taken into account when evaluating the effect of the policy change on benefits.

According to the guidelines schools still «violate Federal law when they evenhandedly [emphasis added] implement facially neutral policies» that were adopted with no intent to discriminate «but nonetheless have an unjustified effect of discriminating against students on the basis of race.»

When an ILSA release spurs consideration of policy changes, use the ILSA data to trigger randomized field trials among like countries to test the effects of specific interventions.

Data requested by the Herald / Times and provided by the Florida House now provides a look at the statewide impact of that fiscal policy, which takes effect when the new budget year begins Saturday, July 1.

Topics to be discussed include: Court Procedure: An understanding of the civil litigation process in New Jersey as it pertains to negligence claims; Damages: Understanding the standards for, and the differences between Compensatory and Punitive Damages; Facility Maintenance: Identifying potential safety hazards related to facilities and grounds, and taking reasonable steps to address common problems; Indemnification: Identifying when the school district is responsible for the actions of its employees, and when it may disclaim coverage; Insurance Coverage Issues: Understanding what is, and is not covered under a school district's insurance policy, and understanding whether your district will be allowed to choose its attorney or be required to utilize the attorney assigned by the Insurance Company; Negligent Supervision: Examples of school district negligence liability lie within the school, on the athletic field, in the locker room, and on school trips; Sovereign Immunity: Understanding the effect of the New Jersey Torts Claims Act on negligence claims against school districts.

The negative effects of housing instability are known, but this policy brief suggests that these effects do not end when a student is stably housed.

The many calls for «evidence based» decisionmaking notwithstanding, most of our major policy and reform initiatives have either been launched without any prior research on their efficacy, and without provisions for assessing their intended and unintended effects, or have ignored or misused whatever relevant research evidence was available when...

Teachers unions were very supportive of school integration in Wake County, and the very positive role they can play on national policy was underlined in December, when the National Education Association announced an effort to establish 100 new peer assistance and review programs to better train and, if necessary, weed out ineffective teachers; and the American Federation of Teachers proposed an innovative approach to raise academic achievement in a low - income community in West Virginia by going after the effects of poverty directly.

Although Gaetz's bill does not include fiscal expenditures, as noted in the main text (§ IV, supra), in reviewing the start time / academic achievement studies undertaken by fellow economists, Columbia University Assistant Professor of Finance and Economics Jonah Rockoff and the Walter H. Annenberg Professor of Education Policy, Professor of Economics, and Professor of Education at the University of Michigan, Brian Jacob, concluded that delaying middle and high school start times «from roughly 8 a.m. to 9 a.m. -LSB-,]» will increase academic achievement by 0.175 standard deviations on average, with effects for disadvantaged students roughly twice as large as advantaged students, at little or no cost to schools; i.e., a 9 to 1 benefits to costs ratio when utilizing single - tier busing, the most expensive transportation method available.

When fourteen public school teachers came together as part of Educators 4 Excellence - New York Teacher Policy Team on how to improve the use of testing in schools, they were taken aback by the depth of research showing the harmful effects of exit exams, which twenty - six states have adopted in one form or another.

The independent effects for policy network membership and states» previous standards - based reform activity suggest that, irrespective of the vertical influence of the federal government, states» memberships in policy networks and their predisposition for standards - based reform were also determinants of whether and when states adopted the CCSS.

Elected officials represent the voice of the community especially when they make policy decisions that effect afterschool and summer learning.

Such regulations are always a threat to the effectiveness of school choice policies, but when a particular state adopts harmful regulations, the negative effects are localized.

In effect, buying a longevity annuity is a bit like buying a life insurance policy, but instead of making a payment to your heirs when you die, a longevity annuity makes monthly payouts to you for the rest of your life, assuming you're still alive when those payments are scheduled to begin.

An insurance policy costs an equivalent of two USD (actually slightly less but whatever) and it's in effect for the whole time of the travel confirmed by the ticket the policy was sold for - it starts when the passenger enters the departure station and ends when he leaves the destination station.

This kind of policy goes into effect when you reach the limit of your condo's liability coverage and can help you pay for large liability claims or judgments.

When large portions of the economy have no inclination to borrow, monetary policy, even unorthodox and evil monetary policy has little effect on the real economy, where ordinary people borrow money (excluding from the GSEs).

A similar pace of increases between 2003 and 2006 most certainly did cool the economy, and the rise in short - term rates (and the effects of Fed policy on funding costs in global markets) may have precipitated the early days of the subprime ARM crisis, when rates were being adjusted sharply upward, causing payment shock for borrowers.

Step 7: The policy goes into effect When the insurer receives your signed copy of the policy, it will notify you to request payment.

People are going to borrow more in this Goldilocks interest rate environment (where abnormal rates no longer reflect risk) and are forced to for RE when the effects of both Government policies and Central Bank monetary policies combine to cause real estate to «demand inflate».

But it does provide compelling evidence that, when combined with the effects of increased population pressure and the poor policies of the Assad regime, the drought made a bad situation worse.

When reviewing the environmental impacts of fossil fuel projects under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), the judges said, the agency can't assume the harmful effects away by claiming that dirty fuels left untouched in one location would automatically bubble up, greenhouse gas emissions and all, somewhere else.

But according to several, independent colleagues inside and outside of the IPCC, the organization still has a major decision to make on the proposed policy — when does it come into effect?

When the law was passed, it stated that the Vermont Agency of Agriculture shall write rules to create a program to license Vermont farmers to grow hemp, but the law was delayed from going into effect until either federal policy changes or the DEA takes action on license applications.

Consistent with previous theorising and empirical research highlighting that foregone - gains are preferred over losses [10], [19]--[23], people supported higher levels of emission cuts when the costs were framed as a foregone - gain than when they were framed as a loss (the one exception to this pattern was in Study 2, where the framing effect was eliminated when combined with a normative message about the emission policy preferences of others).

So when can we expect to see Pearce / Kloor or any of the corporate media pundits drawthe connection between mass death caused in Africa by the supposed absence of DDT and by the effects of ongoing and quite deliberate economic / military policies over the past 60 years?

In those circumstances the individual decides to break trust to reveal an even greater breach of trust, and that takes some courage when dealing with powerful organisations who impose secrecy on individuals, while in effect using the individuals to give legitimacy to the statements of those who weild the real power and create the policy statements.

«When it formally kicked off the project in February 1999, the EPA said the goal was «to consider developing agency policies... to minimize, to the maximum extent practicable the adverse environmental effects» of mountaintop removal.