Sentences with phrase «effect of aggregate»

This is the second factor, which represents the effect of aggregating at longer time scales.

Not exact matches

Through the effect known as the wisdom of the crowd, a large group's aggregated answers to certain questions are often better than those arrived at separately by individual members.

The fact that declines in the aggregate US stock markets were about 100 times as much as the gains for steel and aluminium companies illustrates that because the steel using sector dwarfs the steel producing sector, the net effect of the tariff policy is to reduce US competitiveness even before considering foreign retaliation.

Furthermore, investors purchasing shares of our Class A common stock in this offering will only own approximately % of our outstanding shares of Class A and Class B common stock (and have % of the combined voting power of the outstanding shares of our Class A and Class B common stock), after the offering even though their aggregate investment will represent % of the total consideration received by us in connection with all initial sales of shares of our capital stock outstanding as of September 30, 2010, after giving effect to the issuance of shares of our Class A common stock in this offering and shares of our Class A common stock to be sold by certain selling stockholders.

Note the recent slowing of the aggregate real wage measure at the end of Figure 3, largely a function of faster inflation growth (the energy effect noted above) and some slowing of job and (blue - collar) wage growth.

But the effect of the higher prices, assuming they are typically paid to suppliers elsewhere in the world, also acts somewhat like a tax on spending, hence aggregate demand falls.

No participant will have the right to purchase shares of our Class A common stock in an amount, when aggregated with purchase rights under all our employee stock purchase plans that are also in effect in the same calendar year, that have a fair market value of more than $ 25,000, determined as of the first day of the applicable purchase period, for each calendar year in which that right is outstanding.

Upon the completion of this offering and after giving effect to the planned recapitalization of our common stock into a single class of common stock and stock split, SIH will own shares of our outstanding common stock (representing % of the shares outstanding), our founders and their family trusts will own an aggregate shares of our outstanding common stock (representing % of the shares outstanding) and our employees who received shares upon the liquidation of the special purpose employee ownership vehicle will own shares of our outstanding common stock under a restricted stock award (representing % of the shares outstanding), in each case as it relates to the percentage ownership assuming that the underwriters do not exercise their option to purchase additional shares.

Advanced macroeconomics is a study of aggregated indicators such as: It is the study of the gross domestic product effects.

The financial aggregates are likely to become somewhat more volatile in coming months, due to a change to reporting arrangements that will remove some of the smoothing effect generated by averaging data within individual months.

At an aggregate level, it is difficult to discern the effect of movements in oil prices on the underlying price level, although some effect on the energy - intensive components of the CPI, such as transportation and travel, can be found.

When the swap matures, the counterparty bank's repayment of Australian dollars to the RBA is effected by a debit to that bank's ES account (which reduces aggregate ES balances).

Overall effect of the decline in oil prices will be a positive driver in aggregate demand in the U.S., even though the decline in price of oil had negatively affected investment in equipment and structure needed for shale oil production, which had «become an important component of aggregate U.S. investment»

Nevertheless, prescription drugs CPI is only 1.37 % of the aggregate index (according to a BLS official at the time of writing), thus the overall effect on medical care inflation and headline aggregate index should be limited.

And so the yield curve could possibly approach inversion, but it may or may not occur or stay there very long because at that stage of the game, the flattening of the yield curve will greatly intensify all the other effects — the reduction in the reserve, monetary, and credit aggregates, as well as the weakness in velocity.

The effect of the drought can also be seen in farm output, which fell by around one - third over the year to the March quarter, subtracting 1.1 percentage points from aggregate GDP growth.

For, while Hartshorne allowed for the reality of structured societies and only specified that their unity as compound individuals was effected through the presence and activity of a dominant personally ordered subsociety, Ford equivalently wants to eliminate the reality of structured societies altogether, at least insofar as they function as compound individuals rather than as simple aggregates of occasions.

However, because of the aggregate effect of decisions like the one we contemplated as a church, our cities are becoming distinctly less city - like.

If nature - in the words of Hans Kelsen - is viewed as «an aggregate of objective data linked together in terms of cause and effect», then indeed no ethical indication of any kind can be derived from it.

Studies of international trade undertaken by the Reserve Bank and Productivity Commission have found little effect of import substitution on aggregate employment in Australia.

That punishment is not set to take effect until next season at the earliest, with PSG having been knocked out of the Champions League by Madrid 5 - 2 on aggregate.

Although Real Madrid would eventually win the cup at a canter (5 - 1 on aggregate) Ronaldo now finds himself in the midst of a five - match ban, which could have a devastating effect on Real Madrid in terms of their title ambitions, given how much points were at a premium in the title race of 2016/17.

A parent whom the GNA contacted, but spoke on condition of anonymity, narrated how her daughter who had aggregate seven (7) was posted to the school and subsequently received a text message to that effect indicating the account she was to pay the school fees into.

This was due to «the effects of spending cuts themselves — including job losses, increased welfare spending and reduction of aggregate demand.»

Their most important finding was that female unemployment but not male unemployment showed «significant opportunity effects for aggregate violent crime, aggregate property crime and components of violent crime.»

They traced the effect to increased production of a specific type of lipid that, surprisingly, prevented the formation of aggregate proteins.

The researchers considered two possible explanations: Disease suppression might be the result of one or two additional substitutions on the same gene that buffer the harmful effect of the mutation; or suppression may be caused by numerous small substitutions throughout the genome that form an aggregate «shield.»

The aggregate effect of the chemical reactions taking place within the electrolyte creates a flow of electrons between the anode and the cathode, resulting in the discharge of electricity.

To capture only the effects of agricultural productivity on conflict rather than the opposite, the analysis incorporates the role of droughts using the Standardized Precipitation Index, which aggregates monthly precipitation by cell year.

Our research suggests that synapses also promote the distribution of Tau aggregates, which could counteract the positive effects of a repaired synapse.

To test the specificity of the effect, we also treated islets with aggregates coming from other disease - associated and functional amyloid proteins.

Conversely, the aggregated effect of all 170 disease susceptibility loci was not associated with disease prognosis.

Meanwhile, computational modeling of the effect of the phosphorylation in the structure of the protein, led by co-author Jeetain Mittal at Lehigh, showed that the change in electric charge is what led to the difference in the proteins» likelihood of aggregating.

«The language of Twitter,» the authors write, «may be a window into the aggregated and powerful effects of the community context.»

As TC / HDL and SBP aren't remotely independent, just adding them would yield an overestimate of their aggregate effects, but this is a just back of the envelope guestimate for how much Cox risk adjustments would effect the outcomes.

The aggregate effect of all the juggling is that The Commitments becomes alternately a soapbox for Parker using his green cast as a bullhorn and an extended concert video shot with the same two - camera set in various pub sets featuring a band that, for the most part, turns R&B classics into their mechanical pod counterparts.

This massive aggregated study of 270,000 students found these effects of participating in SEL:

The other is that, even among the disadvantaged, those with higher levels of education are more likely to go private (although I should emphasize that, because disadvantaged people are so interested in going private and because they are poorly educated as a group, the aggregate effect of choice is to lower the average education levels of private - sector parents, not to raise them).

Included in the PowerPoint: Macroeconomic Objectives (AS Level) a) Aggregate Demand (AD) and Aggregate Supply (AS) analysis - the shape and determinants of AD and AS curves; AD = C+I+G + (X-M)- the distinction between a movement along and a shift in AD and AS - the interaction of AD and AS and the determination of the level of output, prices and employment b) Inflation - the definition of inflation; degrees of inflation and the measurement of inflation; deflation and disinflation - the distinction between money values and real data - the cause of inflation (cost - push and demand - pull inflation)- the consequences of inflation c) Balance of payments - the components of the balance of payments accounts (using the IMF / OECD definition): current account; capital and financial account; balancing item - meaning of balance of payments equilibrium and disequilibrium - causes of balance of payments disequilibrium in each component of the accounts - consequences of balance of payments disequilibrium on domestic and external economy d) Exchange rates - definitions and measurement of exchange rates - nominal, real, trade - weighted exchange rates - the determination of exchange rates - floating, fixed, managed float - the factors underlying changes in exchange rates - the effects of changing exchange rates on the domestic and external economy using AD, Marshall - Lerner and J curve analysis - depreciation / appreciation - devaluation / revaluation e) The Terms of Trade - the measurement of the terms of trade - causes of the changes in the terms of trade - the impact of changes in the terms of trade f) Principles of Absolute and comparative advantage - the distinction between absolute and comparative advantage - free trade area, customs union, monetary union, full economic union - trade creation and trade diversion - the benefits of free trade, including the trading possibility curve g) Protectionism - the meaning of protectionism in the context of international trade - different methods of protection and their impact, for example, tariffs, import duties and quotas, export subsidies, embargoes, voluntary export restraints (VERs) and excessive administrative burdens («red tape»)- the arguments in favor of protectionism This PowerPoint is best used when using worksheets and activities to help reinforce the ideas talked about.

The effects of attending a high - poverty school are not simply the aggregate effects of out - of - school poverty, either; the schools themselves disadvantage those who attend, regardless of their families» socioeconomic status.

In doing so, we have controlled for possible effects of differences in educational inputs such as class sizes, availability of materials, and aggregate expenditure per student in the country.

Randstad's analysis ranks each occupation by the change in the aggregate wage bill for full - time staff between 2002 and 2014, adjusting for the effects of inflation.

The final full document «Synthesis report on the aggregate effect of the intended nationally determined contributions» can be accessed here.

The cross-country comparative approach provides a number of unique advantages over national studies: It can exploit institutional variation that does not exist within countries; draw on much larger variation than usually available within any country; reveal whether any result is country - specific or more general; test whether effects are systematically heterogeneous in different settings; circumvent selection issues that plague within - country identification by using system - level aggregated measures; and uncover general - equilibrium effects that often elude studies in a single country.

The only studies that consistently find positive effects of resources are those that rely on student performance and school data averaged across all students and schools in a state.These aggregate studies, of which the RAND study is one, rely on limited data and are prone to serious statistical shortcomings, so they have been heavily discounted in the past.

The aggregate efficacy measure explained 9 % of the variation in leader behavior; LSE explained 7 %; and LCE had no unique effect.

District conditions, in turn, influence aggregate school leader efficacy -LRB-.68); 46 % of the variation in leader efficacy is explained by the effects of district conditions.

Standard regression equations were used to estimate the «effects» of LSE, LCE, and an aggregate measure of efficacy on leader behavior as well as school and classroom conditions.

Likewise, research can reveal more about whether TPPs with multiple programs graduate teachers of similar effectiveness, but it can not speak to how, or whether, estimated effects of graduates from different programs within a single TPP should be aggregated to provide a summative measures of TPP performance.

While there is not a clear causal effect between a teacher's own academic record and his or her ability to achieve the kinds of learning gains that help students excel, most studies do find a correlation between higher GPA and teacher effectiveness.43 Taken in aggregate with other factors, such as experience and rank of undergraduate school, some studies have found larger positive impacts, especially for math achievement.44 For this reason, a high GPA should not be the only factor that determines entry into the profession.