The IPCC define the greenhouse
effect of carbon dioxide as a forcing and the greenhouse effect of water vapour as a feedback.
To any unprejudiced person reading this account, the facts should be obvious: that the non-climatic
effects of carbon dioxide as a sustainer of wildlife and crop plants are enormously beneficial, that the possibly harmful climatic effects of carbon dioxide have been greatly exaggerated, and that the benefits clearly outweigh the possible damage.
Not exact matches
The increase in
carbon dioxide that is now occurring is expected to have dramatic consequences for life on Earth
as a result
of the so - called greenhouse
effect which will make the Earth hotter.
But the impact these gases have on the climate has until now not been
as widely studied
as the
effects of carbon dioxide emissions.
Random fluctuations and three physical reasons come into question to explain this: The model calculations are based on different amounts
of radiant energy from the sun that impinge on Earth's surface and are stored
as a result
of the greenhouse
effect, e.g. due to atmospheric
carbon dioxide.
The indirect
effects of rising atmospheric
carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, such
as changes in soil moisture and plant structure, can have a bigger impact on ecosystems than previously thought.
Freshwater such
as lakes, though, receive various sources
of carbon dioxide from decomposing organic and inorganic matter swept into them, which makes it hard for scientists to distinguish between the direct
effects of rising atmospheric CO2 and these other elements.
Hwang also considered metal oxide frameworks that trap
carbon dioxide molecules, but they had the unfortunate side
effect of capturing the desired methane
as well and they are far too expensive to make for this application.
«The problem with [the skeptics»] argument is that it's
as if you can cherry - pick the CO2 fertilization
effect from the overall
effect of adding
carbon dioxide to the atmosphere,» Myers says.
«These
effects include wasted resources, foregone revenue and outsized emissions
of carbon dioxide as well
as local pollutants such
as sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides.
And so the irony then is that
as we burn cleaner sources
of fuel, we don't help keep
carbon dioxide's
effects down, is that right?
This
effect makes the atmosphere act somewhat like a blanket that becomes thicker when amounts
of water vapor,
carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, such
as methane and nitrous oxide, increase.
Hansen has studied other
effects of seasonal
carbon -
dioxide ice on Mars, such
as spider - shaped features that result from explosive release
of carbon -
dioxide gas trapped beneath a sheet
of dry ice
as the underside
of the sheet thaws in spring.
The theory
of dangerous climate change is based not just on
carbon dioxide warming but on positive and negative feedback
effects from water vapor and phenomena such
as clouds and airborne aerosols from coal burning.
It's not clear how much
of a greenhouse
effect that would produce, but it's a good bet that Earth would be a lot warmer — much
as it would be, say, if there were no plants drawing
carbon dioxide out
of the atmosphere.
The behavioral
effects of such interventions are currently estimated
as the most cost - effective way to prevent a metric ton
of carbon dioxide from entering the atmosphere.
The results might not have immediate repercussions — nitrogen trifluoride currently adds 0.04 percent
of the global warming
effect created by
carbon dioxide emitted from sources such
as coal - burning power plants and cars.
A new study in Canada has found that some hydroelectric reservoirs give off
as much
carbon dioxide and methane — the two most important causes
of the man - made greenhouse
effect —
as coal - fired power stations producing a similar amount
of electricity.
BURNING UP The heat radiated by burning fossil fuels such
as natural gas, shown, is overshadowed within months by the greenhouse gas
effect of the released
carbon dioxide, new research shows.
As it does, it could release tons
of additional methane gas, which has 20 times the greenhouse
effect of carbon dioxide, possibly increasing the rate
of global warming.
Functioning
as a ballast, these platelets are important for the
carbon transport to the deep ocean — and thus for the ability
of the oceans to take up
carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and mitigate the
effects of climate change.
7It is particularly ironic that Lomborg would offer such a ridiculously precise estimate
of the cost
of the impacts
of climate change from
carbon dioxide emissions, inasmuch
as the entire thrust
of his books chapter on «global warming» is that practically nothing about the
effects of greenhouse gases is known with certainty.
However, a new University
of Minnesota study with more than 1,000 young trees has found that plants also adjust — or acclimate — to a warmer climate and may release only one - fifth
as much additional
carbon dioxide than scientists previously believed, The study, published today in the journal Nature, is based on a five - year project, known
as «B4Warmed,» that simulated the
effects of climate change on 10 boreal and temperate tree species growing in an open - air setting in 48 plots in two forests in northern Minnesota.
Figuring out just how long the continent has been a barren, cold desert
of ice can give clues
as to how Antarctica responded to the
effects of past climates and can perhaps also indicate what to expect there in the future
as Earth's atmospheric concentration
of carbon dioxide grows.
As future climate changes become more severe, people might become interested in ways
of offsetting the
effects of human - induced climate, which could be cheaper than measures to cut
carbon dioxide emissions.
Geoengineering methods that don't remove
carbon dioxide from the atmosphere don't undo the other
effects of high atmosphere
carbon -
dioxide concentrations such
as ocean acidification, and our ability to adequately control geoengineering with sunlight - reflecting particles is not certain.
Greenhouse
effect The warming
of Earth's atmosphere due to the buildup
of heat - trapping gases, such
as carbon dioxide and methane.
Or at least it won't for many centuries,
as the long - lived nature
of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere means that its
effects will be felt for many human generations, absent efforts to curb emissions or use
As one
of the largest national research programmes on this topic, the project has been instrumental in quantifying the
effects of «the other
carbon dioxide problem» on marine life and in unravelling the underlying mechanisms.
His research interests include studying the interactions between El Niño / Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the monsoons
of Asia; identifying possible
effects on global climate
of changing human factors, such
as carbon dioxide,
as well
as natural factors, such
as solar variability; and quantifying possible future changes
of weather and climate extremes in a warmer climate.
As the temperature rises, water vapor evaporates at a higher rate, raising the water vapor content
of the atmosphere, further amplifying the the increased greenhouse
effect of the additional
carbon dioxide.
The discovery team presumes that VP113 has an icy reflective surface like other relatively small, outer Solar System objects,
as the dwarf planet is observed to have a pink tinge, which is hypothesized to result from chemical changes produced by the
effect of radiation on frozen water, methane, and
carbon dioxide.
As there is no yeast to raise the loaf the production of carbon dioxide from the chemical reaction of bicarbonate of soda and acid (citric acid from lemon juice, lactic acid from buttermilk or yoghurt or tartaric acid as cream of soda, or even a teaspoonful or two of vinegar) will have the same effec
As there is no yeast to raise the loaf the production
of carbon dioxide from the chemical reaction
of bicarbonate
of soda and acid (citric acid from lemon juice, lactic acid from buttermilk or yoghurt or tartaric acid
as cream of soda, or even a teaspoonful or two of vinegar) will have the same effec
as cream
of soda, or even a teaspoonful or two
of vinegar) will have the same
effect.
The metabolic
effects of a ketogenic diet imply a higher - than - usual oxidation
of fats, which leads in turn to reduced respiratory exchange ratio values.20, 97 Metabolic
carbon dioxide output may be calculated
as the product
of alveolar ventilation multiplied by the fractional alveolar
carbon dioxide concentration.
These findings at least suggest potential useful
effects of this diet in patients with increased
carbon dioxide, arterial partial - pressure values
as a consequence
of respiratory failure.
As if the title weren't misleading enough, the article goes on to say that «Many scientists believe the burning
of fossil fuels is causing an increase in atmospheric
carbon dioxide, triggering... the greenhouse
effect.»
So to the fires burning in Russia will have worldwide
effects as the torched peat bogs whose layers consist
of dead plant materials will end up releasing large quantities
of carbon dioxide into the air accelerating the greenhouse
effect and making the air nearly unbreathable.
How many people know how water vapor and
carbon dioxide relate (or don't relate) to each other
as they both relate to the temperature
of the Earth's climate and to the greenhouse
effect?
The net
effect is that a mature forest, such
as those filling the Amazon Basin, is in
effect in the constant process
of converting harmful
carbon dioxide into the much more harmful and dangerous gas, methane.
For example, it treates ice sheets
as a boundary condition and therefore ignores the fact that over time the ice sheets respond, amplifying the
effects our
of anthropogenic pulse
of carbon dioxide.
«The course
of world temperatures during the next twenty years should afford valuable evidence
as to the accuracy
of the calculated
effect of atmospheric
carbon dioxide.»
As a further rebuttal
of the influence
of carbon dioxide over the climate, the alleged greenhouse
effect is a non-existent
effect.
Rather than engaging in endlessly nitpicking, unproductive arguments over unknowns such
as the logarithmic exponent describing the almost nonexistent / nonexistent
effect of carbon dioxide on temperature, and the «estimate»
of CO2 sensitivity, let's look at empirical evidence, and the big picture: CO2 is rising, and the planet's temperature is falling.
Because Arctic warming is not greenhouse warming it follows that no observations
of Arctic warming can be used
as proof that
carbon dioxide greenhouse
effect exists.
Between 1990 and 2015, the bulletin says, there was a 37 percent increase in radiative forcing — the warming
effect on the climate — because
of long - lived greenhouse gases such
as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide from industrial, agricultural and domestic activities.
They regard this
as evidence
of the validity
of the» greenhouse»
effect, in which increasing amounts
of carbon dioxide cause steady temperature increases.
We all have been told that the greenhouse
effect is due to the absorption
of outgoing infrared radiation by greenhouse gases such
as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
After all this time, some decades, and this is level
of «science» you are all reduced to in claiming that there is such a thing
as the Greenhouse
Effect — so what that water and
carbon dioxide imbibe thermal infrared?
And
as to his claim that there may be «places around the world where global warming will lead to less crop success and yield, even when taking into account the
carbon dioxide fertilization
effect,» he appears to be equally ignorant that rising levels
of atmospheric CO2 tend to raise the temperature
of optimum plant photosynthesis beyond the predicted temperature values associated with global warming, effectively nullifying this worn out claim (Idso & Idso, 2011).
Disputes within climate science concern the nature and magnitude
of feedback processes involving clouds and water vapor, uncertainties about the rate at which the oceans take up heat and
carbon dioxide, the
effects of air pollution, and the nature and importance
of climate change
effects such
as rising sea level, increasing acidity
of the ocean, and the incidence
of weather hazards such
as floods, droughts, storms, and heat waves.