Sentences with phrase «effect on consumption»

Which I consider unlikley, both from the effect on consumption of rising fossil fuel prices (eg, US c02 emissions are back to 1990 levels, down 17 % from 2007 peak) AND development of new technology during the next two generations.

However, the relation is complex: Only when prosumers have the choice between self - consumption and sale of the surplus electricity production to the grid we observe a statistically significant effect on consumption behavior.

If there's one thing everybody knows about carbon pricing, it's that there's not much effect on consumption of transportation fuels.

I do not see anyone changing that enough to have a real effect on our consumption by just making this simpler.

Bull markets in stocks tend to have a greater effect on consumption for people who own the most stocks.

I expect this probably won't have much effect on consumption, but I'll be able to say, «yup, that's where my oil is going.»

Higher education had no effect on consumption.

In terms of effect on consumption, Ng et al estimated a reduction in sugar sweetened drink intake of 104 mL (10 %) per person per week compared with our predicted reduction of around 15 %.19 The substitution effects predicted in Ng et al's study are very slight, and as a result the predicted change in energy intake is larger (net decrease of 24 kJ / person / day compared with our estimate of 17 kJ / person / day).

This has a huge effect on the consumption of oil and other important commodities.

Then there were structural changes in the economy, for example the sinking saving ratios that have had an effect on consumption and growth rates.

Not exact matches

It may have to do with Addyi's high pricing (on par with Viagra at $ 26 per pill without an assistance program), its daily intake requirement (unlike Viagra, it adds up to $ 780 per month), its potentially deleterious side effects (low blood pressure and fainting), its restrictions on alcohol consumption (abstinence vs. large quantities not recommended for Viagra patients), a 10 % efficacy rate (whereas Viagra works 50 % of the time compared to a placebo, according to a recent study), and its subtle neurotransmitter - targeting mechanism (contrast that to the obvious hydraulics of Viagra).

In particular, I looked at the effect of improved health insurance on precautionary savings and household consumption.

The more credit creation takes the form of inflating asset prices — rather than financing purchases of goods and services or direct investment employing labor — the more deflationary its effects are on the «real» economy of production and consumption.

Regional differences resulting from the new cap on state and local tax deductions also may mute the bill's overall consumption effect.

I'll focus my attention on the potential size of the change in households» cash flows as well as the effect on the household sector's consumption.

More importantly, the actual effect on household consumption is likely to be lower still.

About half of the cost is due to increased consumption of natural gas that will be the side - effect of cracking down on coal.

The effect that this amount of power consumption has on the environment must be immense.

This paper examines the effect of bankruptcy exemptions on consumption smoothing.

For example, a reduction in capital inflows can deflate asset bubbles and so discourage consumption through wealth effects, or such a reduction can lower consumption by raising interest rates on consumer credit, or even by encouraging stronger consumer lending standards.

The negative effects of lower oil prices hit the economy right away, and the various positives - more exports because of a stronger U.S. economy and a lower dollar, and more consumption spending as households spend less on fuel - will arrive only gradually, and are of uncertain size.

This is having a negative effect on China's competitiveness at the very low end of the value chain, but higher wages are feeding into higher consumption, while the authorities continue to target transportation and environmental infrastructure for investment.

If interest rates rise, the «substitution effect» has a negative sign on consumption: the opportunity cost of consumption in period one has risen, this encourages us to save more and consume less.

Proponents note that they are, indeed, money going back into the economy, and they lead to a rise in stock prices, which can have a marginally positive effect on consumer confidence and consumption.

Well, economists like to make the case for more emphasis on consumption taxation relative to income taxes, which can have incentive effects on work effort, savings and risk taking.

«There is nothing in economic theory that requires» such narrowness (EC 5 - 5), but having captured their imagination this abstraction now leads all economists to discount «the effect of one person's welfare on that of others through bonds of sympathy..., and the physical effects of one person's production and consumption activities on others through bonds of bio-physical community» (EC 5 - 3).

Hi Julie, matcha is finely ground green tea so it could potentially have an effect on iron absorption at a meal, but research in this area is conflicting meaning there are many other factors to consider and it's not clear - cut whether there's a significant negative connection with tea consumption and iron levels.

After watching the documentary Blue earlier in the week, about the effect our insatiable plastic and seafood consumption is having on our oceans, I've had a wake - up call on my usage habits.

This study has positive implications for the effect of blueberry consumption on retaining bone mass and preventing osteoporosis.

However, a recent clinical trial (39) did not find any beneficial effects of short - term (6 wk) dark chocolate and cocoa consumption on cardiovascular outcomes or on neuropsychological tests.

We agree with the balanced statements in the guideline, «The consumption of alcohol can have beneficial or harmful effects, depending on the amount consumed, age, and other characteristics of the person consuming the alcohol.

Although sales taxes on soft drinks in Ireland and France have both been associated with a reduction in consumption, the health effects have not been studied.15 16 No significant effect on obesity of US state sales taxes has been found, although the level of taxation there has probably been too low to affect health.13 17 The modelled estimates of the health effect of a 20 % sugar sweetened drink tax in the United States vary, but such a tax has been predicted to reduce obesity by up to three percentage points.13 18 The effect of a sugar sweetened drink tax in the UK has not, until now, been formally estimated.

Whereas estimates from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey and Living Costs and Food Survey are broadly comparable (123 mL / adult / day versus 168 mL / person / day), the British Soft Drinks Association's figures are threefold to fourfold higher.48 61 The level and pattern of consumption will determine the magnitude of the public health effects of a sugar sweetened drinks tax, as well as its effect on health inequalities.

In terms of own price elasticity values, a recent meta - analysis estimated an average own price effect for carbonated sugar sweetened drinks (a near equivalent of the category non-concentrated sugar sweetened drinks, which predominantly includes carbonated drinks) of − 0.93, larger than our value of − 0.81.51 Our estimated value is also at the lower end of the range of own price elasticities frequently cited for sugar sweetened drinks of − 0.8 to − 1.0, based on one large review.52 Our own price estimate is comparable to experimental data (a 25 % reduction for a 35 % price rise) in a canteen study.53 However, all these estimates may be influenced by US studies in which higher estimates may reflect higher levels of consumption.

The growing evidence of the negative health effects of sugar sweetened drinks has led to calls for action to limit consumption.1 2 Several options exist, including controls on the marketing of sugar sweetened drinks, limits on portion sizes, and taxation.3 In the United Kingdom, the sale of sugar sweetened drinks in schools and their advertisement during children's television is banned.

Taxes on sugar sweetened beverages are likely to reduce consumption, but the effect on obesity in the UK and for different income groups is unknown

The rise in sugar sweetened drink consumption has been noted to have displaced milk from the diet, and this may partly account for the apparent detrimental effects of regular sugar sweetened drink consumption on bone health.57

The lower levels of baseline sugar sweetened drink consumption in the UK compared with the US may in part explain why the effect on obesity that we estimate in the UK is much less than that estimated in the US.12 The differences with respect to other modelling studies may also be partly explained by their use of higher own price elasticity values for sugar sweetened drinks than we have calculated and used here.18 22 52 We can not make direct comparisons between the results of our study and the results of recent studies of the effect of reducing sugar sweetened drink consumption on body weight in children, 5 7 as the relation between energy balance and change in body mass index in children who are growing is different from that in adults.

We chose to model the effects on body weight because good evidence (from both trials and epidemiological studies) links regular consumption of sugar sweetened drinks to weight gain.8 10 12 Moreover, data from longitudinal studies support the idea that changes in the price of sugar sweetened drinks are linked to changes in body weight.20 Other groups have used this form of modelling to estimate the effects of a sugar sweetened drink tax on obesity.18 21 22

In terms of substitution effects, the major difference between our estimates and those from the US is that our data indicate that diet soft drinks are a substitute for sugar sweetened drinks, whereas US data suggest that diet soft drinks are a complement (as the price of sugar sweetened drinks goes up, consumption of diet drinks goes down).18 22 This may explain why a US tax on sugar sweetened drinks has been so heavily resisted, as a «double whammy» on sales of both diet soft drinks and sugar sweetened drinks would occur.18.

The first, Mark Bittman's Food Matters: A Guide to Conscious Eating, focuses on the effect industrial meat production has on the environment («In terms of energy consumption, serving a typical family - of - four steak dinner is the rough equivalent of driving around in an SUV for three hours while leaving all the lights on at home»).

Harvard researchers studying the effects of whole grain cereal consumption on heart failure risk followed 21,376 participants in the Physicians Health Study over nineteen years.

Since consumption of whole grain products and dietary fiber has been shown to reduce the risk of high blood pressure and heart attack, Harvard researchers decided to look at the effects of cereal consumption on heart failure risk and followed 21,376 participants in the Physicians Health Study over a period of 19.6 years.

The LCA examined the effects of a 1 kilogram industry - average corrugated product manufactured in 2014 on seven environmental impact indicators: global warming potential (greenhouse gas emissions), eutrophication, acidification, smog, ozone depletion, respiratory effects, fossil fuel depletion; and four inventory indicators: water use, water consumption, renewable energy demand, and non-renewable energy demand.

And the fact that their new passion is vegan meat is big news for Meat Free Monday and other campaigns to cut down on meat consumption and its harmful environmental effects.

One study looked at the effect frequent onion consumption had on perimenopausal and postmenopausal women aged 50 and older.

After going meat free she began to learn more about food and its effect on the human body, as well as to understand the impact of food production and consumption on the environment.

Based on this review, they concluded that the general population of healthy adults is not at risk for potential adverse effects from caffeine if they limit their consumption to 400 mg per day.

Non-linear effects of soda taxes on consumption and weight outcomes [i], published in the US publication Health Economics casts serious doubt on the effectiveness of imposing a tax on sugar - sweetened beverages to curb obesity.

The «Flexitarian» Effect: The rise of part - time vegetarians, who have reduced their meat consumption because of health, sustainability and animal welfare concerns, is having a major impact on new product activity.