Meta - analysis with standardized
effect sizes from multilevel and latent growth models.
Thus caution should be taken when interpreting
effect sizes from small samples (< 30).
Six of them, Reading Recovery, Success for All, Sound Partners (1 - 1 tutoring by paraprofessionals), Lindamood (small group tutoring by teachers), Targeted Reading Intervention (1 - 1 tutoring by teachers), and Empower Reading (small group tutoring by teachers) all have large
effect sizes from randomized experiments and have been proven in from two to 28 studies.
As predicted,
the effect sizes from highly structured approaches (M - 0.517) were larger than those from the less structured programs (M = 0.298; t = 4.671, d.f. = 386, p < 0.001).
Just click on the legend to show / hide / compare
effect sizes from different Visible Learning publications.
This policy recommendation is apparently based on a single study in 2000 of the Voyager summer learning program, although they note that a major meta - analysis suggests widely varying
effect sizes from the evaluations of different studies.
A 2004 NCREL meta - analysis of 116
effect sizes from 14 web - delivered K — 12 distance - education programs between 1999 and 2004 found «no significant difference in performance between students who participated in online programs and those who were taught in face - to - face classrooms... in almost every comparison, students in distance education programs performed as well as students in classroom - based programs.»
They also convert the standardized
effect sizes from the DC study into percentile changes for the «typical» DC student at the 50th percentile.
Although
the effect sizes from individual study sites are small — so small that most groups working independently probably would not have published their results, Turner says — collectively, the data tell a consistent story.
That being said, our results show important variations in
effect sizes from surveys to surveys (see Figure 1).
The range in claimed impact reflects the fact that they sometimes admit to uncertainty about the exact
effect size from a specific program.
Measures of
effect size from pretreatment levels showed that short term psychotherapy improved targeted symptoms (17 studies, p < 0.01 for post-treatment effect size v zero), general symptoms (15 studies, p < 0.01 for post-treatment effect size v zero), and social functioning (11 studies, p < 0.01 for post-treatment effect size v zero).
The overall effect size of Incredible Years on children's conduct problems was d = − 0.34, similar to
the effect size from a recent meta - analysis on Incredible Years (e.g., Menting et al. 2013).
Not exact matches
But while preliminary findings
from the first 32 cases involved in the study confirm causality, the researchers said, the true
size of the
effect will become clear only after full analysis of all 200 cases and 400 controls.
When you copy content
from the web and paste in your document, it entirely changes your document style with irregular font
size, style and text
effects.
that covered this issue briefly, the hard fork rules established by Bitcoin XT was an increase in the block
size from the limit (still in
effect) of 1 MB to 8 MB.
According to another Howtotoken article that covered this issue briefly, the hard fork rules established by Bitcoin XT was an increase in the block
size from the limit (still in
effect) of 1 MB to 8 MB.
The
size of a company also affects the motivation that comes
from the «hands - on»
effect.
I then adjust the rates to control for the
effect of changes in rocket warhead
sizes from one conflict to another.
They identify idiosyncratic volatility shocks as large deviations
from the volatility predicted out - of - sample by a regression model that accounts for market,
size and book - to - market
effects.
Too, it need be considered why Jupiter is where it is and its
size, for it's huge
size (mass) has a strong gravitational
effect on meteors and asteroids going near it, causing them to either be absorbed by it or deflecting them away
from the earth.
The
effect of denominational
size, we know
from other research, can be linked in turn to the
effect of immigration to the United States, to competition among denominations and between Protestants and Catholics for members, and to the so - called «baby boom» that followed World War IL In other words, in the United States, sectarianism has been associated with demographic expansion in the world system, just as it appears to have been in Europe in earlier centuries.
Tex - Mex Black Bean Sliders Slightly adapted
from The Slider
Effect Makes 10 - 12 depending on their
size
This allows for a reduction in the serving
size along with a decrease in the negative side
effects known to come
from excessive protein intake, such as bloating, poor digestion, gas, etc..
A study done in 2008 revealed that poor
sizing and incorrect use prevents compression stockings
from having a proper
effect in preventing blood cloth formation.
Since both products are washable and reusable, parents who are using the Breathable Adjustable Microfleece One
Size Cloth Diapers, Yellow are helping in saving Mother Earth
from the unwarranted
effect of too much disposable diapers being thrown in landfills today.
Note the distorting
effect of the iPhone lens — shot
from below, we get a nice Mt. Rushmore
effect, but in the real world I don't really have a Hellboy - style massive left arm (in the uncropped version, my hand is about the
size of my head) and David and Will are actually much closer to the same height.
But the
size of any
effects — whether on wages, housing or anything else — will depend on the scale of net migration
from Romania and Bulgaria.
The most recent overall increase in the
size of the House, which came into
effect at the 1984 election, increased the number of members
from 125 to 148.
Once again, autistic children received more structural variants
from their fathers but not mothers — though the
size of the
effect wasn't quite as large in this second sample.
In the study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), the researchers found that these indirect
effects explain, on average, 28 per cent of the total plant productivity response, and are almost equal to the
size of direct
effects on evapotranspiration (ET)-- the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration
from the land to the atmosphere..
The simulations suggested that the indirect
effects of increased CO2 on net primary productivity (how much carbon dioxide vegetation takes in during photosynthesis minus how much carbon dioxide the plants release during respiration) are large and variable, ranging
from less than 10 per cent to more than 100 per cent of the
size of direct
effects.
For each policy, the literature was reviewed
from January 2000 through July 2012 to find evidence of effectiveness and to create average
effect sizes.
For each policy, literature was reviewed
from January 2000 - July 2012 to find evidence of effectiveness and to create average
effect sizes.
These systematic violations can be used to identify whether an action or condition causes a certain
effect (high lead - blood levels causing ADHD)
from large enough sample
sizes of observational data.
«In addition, we found that sexual selection favored males that were bigger and moved over larger areas, though the
effect of body
size can not be disentangled
from last - male precedence.»
The valuable cooling
effects of large urban green spaces has been established; now scientists
from Forest Research, the research agency of the Forestry Commission, have studied small and medium
sized parks in London to determine the optimum
size, distribution and composition of urban green spaces needed to achieve urban cooling.
To understand the
effects of sibling helpers on wolf cubs throughout their lives, Amanda Sparkman
from Trent University in Peterborough, Ontario, Canada, and colleagues studied reintroduced red wolves roaming North Carolina by trapping them to record their
size and body weight and monitoring their life histories.
And the results of the P - curves suggested that about 95 percent of the recent studies and those
from a decade earlier had a large enough
effect size, or the
size of the difference in the
effect being studied.
Lead author Professor Marian Rizov
from Lincoln International Business School at the University of Lincoln, said: «Our findings offer compelling evidence that increasing wages for the lowest paid workers improves productivity, and that this
effect applies in companies of all
sizes and across most low - paying sectors.
«Our study suggests that the cumulative survival
from hatchling to maturity, which may take 30 years, combined with present - day climate
effects on mature females, has a greater influence on annual nesting population
size than does the exclusive impact of survival during the first year of life as hatchlings,» Saba said.
Working to Ewers's experimental design, the loggers will leave patches of rainforest of different
sizes, and at different distances
from other patches of rainforest, to determine the
effects of different levels of deforestation.
The phenomenon, known as Warburg
effect, is typical for cancer cells and the mechanism behind is believed to benefit cancer cells by switching biochemical engines
from energy manufacturing reactions to anabolic reactions, which primarily support growth of the cell
size and proliferation.
«Many biologists would have expected to find a strong
effect of group
size,» Fagan said, «with input
from more birds» brains leading to improved navigation, but we didn't see that
effect.»
Their main objective was to see how translocating fishers — in this case moving them
from the study area to reintroduce them to the northern Sierra Nevada mountains — influenced their numbers; researchers also wanted to learn about the
effects fishers and other predators of similar
size have on each other.
The second experiment analyzed the
effects of plant
size and container spacing using three plant species
from the first experiment that exhibited different growth habits and water - capturing abilities: Juniperus chinensis «Parsonii», Rhapheolepis indica, and Ligustrum japonicum.
«There's been quite a bit of research that shows how larger carnivores have negative
effects on fishers, but this is some of first research to look at their interactions with carnivores of about their same
size,» said Green, whose group also included researchers
from North Carolina State University, the U.S. Forest Service, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the California Department of Fish and Wildlife.
But as the
size of modern transistors continues to shrink, the gate material becomes so thin that it can no longer block electrons
from leaking through — a phenomenon known as the quantum tunneling
effect.
The new measurements, which also included results
from collisions of protons with intermediate -
sized aluminum ions, showed the
effect was real and that it changed with the
size of the nucleus.
Although the loss of 4 1/2 pounds of intra-abdominal fat allowed Garofolo to go
from a tight
size 44 belt to a loose one, it didn't have the
effect he so fervently desired — boosting his insulin sensitivity and lessening the severity of his diabetes — leaving him desperate enough to envy a rat.