We focus on assessing reliability against present - day climatology with rank histograms, but also investigate
the effective degrees of freedom (EDoF) of the fields of variables which makes the statistical test of reliability more rigorous, and consider the distances between the observation and ensemble members.
Also the mathematical treatment relying on reduced or
effective degrees of freedom based on a «red» assumption is not sound even if the noise is red.
They get an estimate for
the effective degrees of freedom that is 9 times smaller than in LMKC, which leads to a much smaller estimate of confidence interval than Legras et al. get, also when they use a so - called «non-parametric «permutation test (this gets a bit technical / statistical).
The link you provided is a rebuttal of that argument, i.e., the Bartlett formula for
effective degrees of freedom fails in that case, and the statistical significance of their result is much higher than that formula would imply.
Did his justification change the number of
effective degrees of freedom used in deciding to subtract 1 from Wien's denominator?
This was pointed out early on by Prof. Pirilä in his comment about «
effective degrees of freedom» and the subjective choice involved in picking the compostion of the function.
I am no time series expert, but my understanding is that autocorrelation articifically infaltes type I error rates by diminishing
the effective degrees of freedom.
For most of us, though, a little structure is necessary to achieve
an effective degree of productivity.
In Y12, the statistical test for reliability was performed by assuming
the effective degree of freedom, n obs in Eq.
However,
the effective degree of freedom may be different among model ensembles, and the statistical test for the uniformity also depends on n obs.
Colors and line types are the same as those in Fig. 4, and the circles on the curves lies on the values of
effective degree of freedom calculated in Fig. 4 and Eq.
Since the neighboring grid points are not necessarily independent, it is not easy to know the independent number in the fields which corresponds to the «
effective degree of freedom» (EDoF).
Effective degree of freedom (EDoF) of climate model ensembles.
Samantha Barrass, the SRA's executive director, supervision, risk and standards, said: «Our aim is primarily to ensure that firms take seriously the risks in this area and establish good compliance and risk management systems so as to demonstrate
an effective degree of internal control.»
Not exact matches
Instead
of merely seeing technology as taking away jobs — which to some
degree it is — the book reminds us that technology can also be extremely
effective in empowering people to find their fit in the new economy.
In 2016, you will see adoption
of cost -
effective virtual reality devices (like Ricoh Theta) by businesses to show a 360
degree live video view
of their products.
If we, in addition, consider the
degree to which moral directorship was or was not
effective — if we estimate conservatively the actual crime rates, actual poverty, actual incidence
of corruption and allowance
of corruption — it is not clear that what we are seeing today can be called the loss
of a former moral coherence.
To the
degree that traditional religious groups in American culture have emphasized the word and de-emphasized images, they have deprived themselves
of an
effective force for transmitting their own symbols.
Touch, furthermore, as the sense
of bodily pleasure and pain, involves to a high
degree the
effective response that, according to Whitehead, is more primitive than the clear perception
of a distinct and definite object.
There are four affirmations about Jesus Christ that historically have been stressed in Christian faith: (1) Jesus is truly human, bone
of our bone and flesh
of our flesh, living a human life under the same human conditions any one
of us faces — thus Christology, statement
of the significance
of Jesus, must start «from below,» as many contemporary theologians are insisting; (2) Jesus is that one in whom God energizes in a supreme
degree, with a decisive intensity; in traditional language he has been styled «the Incarnate Word
of God»; (3) for our sake, to secure human wholeness
of life as it moves onward toward fulfillment, Jesus not only lived among us but also was crucified for us — this is the point
of talk about atonement wrought in and by him; (4) death was not the end for him, so it is not as if he never existed at all; in some way he triumphed over death, or was given victory over it, so that now and forever he is a reality in the life
of God and
effective among humankind.
But until those issues are placed effectively on the agenda - for - action by the population
of that functional world - village we will wait in vain for the first
effective steps toward a modest
degree of world government.
By the same token, we've got to understand that we can be much more
effective in getting our point across and realizing our goals if that prophetic language comes with a
degree of understanding and respect.
Also, we had a struggle finding an
effective training program that would meet the particular needs
of all the volunteers with their varying
degrees of skill.
If you boil it down, people should be more concerned about the inability
of these two men to be
effective to any
degree because neither will rule by decree.
To be
effective, a sermon must possess a
degree of «rational authority» the authority
of competence.
Furthermore, at the human level such decisions are consciously and responsibly made, although there are obvious restrictions on the
degree of freedom present and the chance
of the decisions becoming
effective.
Effective government, says our Constitution, must have a system
of checks and balances, divided and, to some
degree, autonomous branches with executive, legislative, and judicial functions.
To maintain professional standards in our industry and to be
effective in the marketplace, a
degree of entertainment and showmanship is sometimes necessary.
For an
effective, gentle and short drying cycle, spinning times and speeds can be adjusted via touch screen according to the consistency, shape and size
of the product and the desired
degree of drying.
800
Degrees Pizza, an authentic Neapolitan - style pizzeria serving top quality, chef - driven offerings, is pleased to announce the appointment
of Tommy Lee to the position
of chief executive officer,
effective immediately.
To be sure, he had refined and perfected an
effective (and illegal) poisoning technique, but that only made him different in
degree from so many
of the sheepmen
of the region.
Liverpool faced up against a low - block — a tactic that was extremely
effective against them last season, and whilst
effective this season, it has been to a lesser
degree; with Salah, Mané, Firmino and Coutinho finding their way through in a number
of games.
When Will McWhirter went back to school for his master's
degree, he decided that an MBA was the best way to enhance his bachelor's
degree in nutrition; understanding both aspects
of his job can only make him more
effective both now, and in the future.
From fundraising to voter contact to social networking to online organizing
of offline events, the critical point is that the Obama campaign seems to have integrated their supporter communications to a very
effective degree — it's not one tool, it's the combination that matters.
The success
of the party, says Oregon WFP director Hughes, will ultimately depend on the
degree to which it is seen as «a legitimate and
effective expression
of social - movement organizing.»
Siena College has made two agreements with Albany Law School,
effective this fall: students who have received a juris doctorate at Albany Law will be given up to nine credits toward finishing
of a master
of science in accounting
degree at Siena, thus earning the MSA in under one year.
Amyloid buildup is a key pathological feature
of Alzheimer's, and determining the
degree to which someone's brain is riddled with the molecule is essential for designing
effective clinical trials.
«The
effective immune response didn't happen in every tumor model we tested, so we still need to figure out exactly what triggered the tumor shrinkage and how to predict which tumors will shrink in response to virotherapy,» said Leddon, who is also working toward her medical and doctoral
degrees at the University
of Cincinnati.
Keating guesses that an
effective medicine that induces some
degree of regeneration «will happen in 15 to 20 years, perhaps.»
Depending on how
effective your vestibular and proprioceptive systems are, you will experience varying
degrees of increased difficulty when you lose the visual input (with a corresponding increase in the microadjustments in your foot).
«The committee has a high
degree of confidence that the new USAMRIID facility will have the appropriate and
effective physical security, biosurety program, and biosafety operating practices and procedures in place to protect its workers and the public from exposures to pathogens, and any new pathogens, studied in its laboratories,» the report says.
By adjusting the dose
of a medication based on the
degree of blood absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination in a patient, doctors can personalize treatment, which becomes that much more
effective.
Agenda 21 gives science a critical role in reducing «the high
degree of uncertainty in present information, which inhibits
effective management»
of the oceans.
The nation's colleges and universities use a variety
of methods for increasing these numbers, but I will share what I have found to be the most
effective means for helping community college students transfer, graduate, and enter into post-baccalaureate programs leading to the Ph.D. and professional
degrees.
«The outcome: the parts are cost -
effective, have a very high
degree of durability, possess excellent acoustic properties and are substantially more ecological than pure carbon components.
Curiosity isn't enough to justify that something is worth pursuing now and I think to some
degree it's not always the most
effective way
of moving forward.
These high - precision treatment techniques allow radiation oncologists to treat tumors with the highest
degree of accuracy, making treatment safer and more
effective.
With decades
of private sector leadership and business operations experience, as well as an undergraduate
degree in business and PhD in cell and molecular biology, Henkin has the skills to help make the NPA more financially secure and
effective in serving its members.
The data from the study published in the US journal Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise shows that a high fitness level offers particularly
effective protection for professionals who experience a high
degree of stress in the workplace.
This is the opposite situation to that reported in the oligodendrocyte lineage, for which a greater
degree of pre-transplant differentiation is associated with less
effective repair [54], [55].