Sentences with phrase «effective equilibrium temperature»

The error in the rebuttal was the failure to recognise the difference between the effective equilibrium temperature and the model - reported ECS.

Your definition specifically confuses the question of the efficacy of a forcing agent with the question of why there is a difference displayed in GCMs between their effective equilibrium temperature and their reported equilibrium temperature.

Not exact matches

They conclude, based on study of CMIP5 model output, that equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) is not a fixed quantity — as temperatures increase, the response is nonlinear, with a smaller effective ECS in the first decades of the experiments, increasing over time.

This includes those relative to the planet (mass, radius, orbital period, and equilibrium temperature) and those relative to the star (mass, radius, effective temperature, and metallicity).

Plugging S = 1367.6 and A = 0.306 into the equation above, we find that F is about 237 watts per square meter for the Earth, corresponding to an «equilibrium temperature» (or «emission temperature,» or «effective temperature») of 254 ° K. Most formulations use a slightly different S and A and get 255 ° K.

The standard assumption has been that, while heat is transferred rapidly into a relatively thin, well - mixed surface layer of the ocean (averaging about 70 m in depth), the transfer into the deeper waters is so slow that the atmospheric temperature reaches effective equilibrium with the mixed layer in a decade or so.

The vapor pressure in equilibrium with supercooled droplets (liquid H2O) is higher than that in equilibrium with solid H2O at the same temperature, so liquid droplets will evaporate to feed deposition on an effective ice nucleus.

Depending on meridional heat transport, when freezing temperatures reach deep enough towards low - latitudes, the ice - albedo feedback can become so effective that climate sensitivity becomes infinite and even negative (implying unstable equilibrium for any «ice - line» (latitude marking the edge of ice) between the equator and some other latitude).

The skin layer planet is optically very thin, so it doesn't affect the OLR significantly, but (absent direct solar heating) the little bit of the radiant flux (approximatly equal to the OLR) from below that it absorbs must be (at equilibrium) balanced by emission, which will be both downward and upward, so the flux emitted in either direction is only half of what was absorbed from below; via Kirchhoff's Law, the temperature must be smaller than the brightness temperature of the OLR (for a grey gas, Tskin ^ 4 ~ = (Te ^ 4) / 2, where Te is the effective radiating temperature for the planet, equal to the brightness temperature of the OLR — *** HOWEVER, see below ***).

In the absence of solar heating, there is an equilibrium «skin temperature» that would be approached in the uppermost atmosphere (above the effective emitting altitude) which is only dependent on the outgoing longwave (LW) radiation to space in the case where optical properties in the LW part of the spectrum are invariant over wavelength (this skin temperature will be colder than the temperature at the effective emitting altitude).

The effective temperature is how hot the Earth looks from space, as a result of being in equilibrium with incoming heat from the Sun: heat in equals heat out, and one can deduce the effective temperature of the Earth from that balance.

On average, there won't be a change in the equilibrium radiating temperature of the Earth, but there will be a change in the effective radiating altitude consequent on the change in the atmosphere's effective thermal conductance.

I would also invite you to think about how perfect LTE could possibly be observed if it did exist; any device you use to measure the thermal radiation or the distribution of velocities or the population of excited states must itself be at a different effective temperature from the gas in question, and must absorb energy from it, disturbing the very equilibrium you are trying to observe.

The Earth's atmosphere, satisfying the energy minimum principle, is configured to the most effective cooling of the planet with an equilibrium global average vertical temperature and moisture profile.

They conclude, based on study of CMIP5 model output, that equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) is not a fixed quantity — as temperatures increase, the response is nonlinear, with a smaller effective ECS in the first decades of the experiments, increasing over time.

I have, incidentally, found using a multilayer diffusive ocean model that there is a near complete identity in the path of the model surface temperature response to a step forcing, for the better part of a century, over a wide range of equilibrium climate sensitivities if effective ocean diffusivity is varied to compensate.

• The cloudy sky moves to that equilibrium effective optical density whereby the net absorbed solar heat can be reradiated out into space with the minimum greenhouse effect, minimum surface temperature or maximum entropy production.»