«We must improve the supply and
effectiveness of teachers if we are to raise standards, turn around low - performing schools, increase innovation, and remain internationally competitive,»
Not exact matches
Test score improvement,
if assessed over a few years, can identify those at the very top and bottom
of the
teacher effectiveness scale.
Teachers use all kinds
of external rewards for kids...
if they use them too frequently they lose
effectiveness.
If they combine the smart use
of those tools with equally smart investments in
teacher and leader
effectiveness, the goal
of having every student succeed will start to seem less like the horizon line we can't reach and more like the finish line we can.
In a new study, researchers find that seniority - based layoff policies — the norm in public schools — lead to higher numbers
of teacher layoffs than would be necessary
if administrators were allowed to make
effectiveness the determining factor in issuing layoff notices, rather than length
of service.
The authors next look at what would happen
if the existing seniority - driven system
of layoffs were replaced by an
effectiveness - based layoff policy, in which
teachers are ranked according to their value - added scores and districts lay off their least effective
teachers.
But
if the scores are flawed, biased, or incomplete measures
of learning or
teacher effectiveness, the models won't pick that up.
If ultimately the
effectiveness of your sessions come down to the
teacher, then what is good teaching?
If it does not, we will end up drawing false conclusions about the relative
effectiveness of these students»
teachers and schools.
Teachers would thus enroll in advanced degree programs
of their own accord
if those programs were known to improve
effectiveness.
But
if Strauss is inclined to introduce professors fulsomely, she might let her readers know that I am the Henry Lee Shattuck Professor
of Government and Director
of the Program on Education Policy and Governance at Harvard University, who has spent years researching school governance, school choice, school accountability, and
teacher effectiveness rather than referring to me as «Harvard's Paul E. Petersen.»
Importantly, the court was moved by the fact that the statute forced districts to part ways with some new
teachers if they had any doubt
of the
teachers»
effectiveness; districts don't want to take any chances because later removal
of a tenured
teacher is so difficult.
«Extensive research shows that... valid and reliable measures
of teacher effectiveness,» have yet to be generated, she says, blithely putting on ignore important work by Thomas Kane, Eric Hanushek, and Raj Chetty and his colleagues, which shows that students learn in any given year somewhere between 10 and 20 percent
of a standard deviation more
if they have an especially effective
teacher rather than a very ineffective one.
If micro-credentials end up just modularizing and digitizing current approaches to PD — or, worse yet, focus on practices unlikely to boost student outcomes — then they will miss the ultimate mark
of improving
teacher effectiveness and student outcomes.
If teachers find it easier to teach a homogeneous group
of students, tracking could enhance school
effectiveness and raise test scores
of both low - and high - ability students.
If our major policy focus is to improve student achievement by improving
teacher effectiveness — accounting for 30 per cent
of the variance in student achievement — we must attract higher - quality applicants to the teaching profession, improve our
teacher education institutions and courses, esteem and grow those
teachers who demonstrate expert potential, and mandate
teacher development programs for less effective
teachers.
Meanwhile,
teachers can improve the
effectiveness of their instruction, re-teaching
if necessary.
While the richness
of the TIMSS data enables us to control for an unusually large set
of teacher characteristics, our results could still be biased
if teachers with different
effectiveness levels are more likely to choose different teaching styles.
Historically, state and local policies have tended to treat all
teachers as
if they were equally effective in promoting student learning, 1 but a good deal
of evidence amassed over the past decade documents enormous variation in
teacher effectiveness.2 The
effectiveness of a
teacher is indeed the most important school - based factor determining students» levels
of academic achievement, yet few state and district policies reflect this finding.
If the
teacher's high value - added in school A reflects her teaching ability, then the performance
of students in grade 4 in school B should go up by the difference in the
effectiveness between her and the
teacher she is replacing.
If we are able to assess an educator's
effectiveness accurately, we can improve the array
of policies and practices that influence our
teachers and school leaders.
IF the IDOE collaborates with key stakeholders, including LEAs, institutions
of higher education, and educator associations, to refine existing human capital management systems that leverage evaluation and support systems to recruit, prepare, develop, support, advance, reward, and retain great
teachers and leaders, THEN increased educator capacity and
effectiveness will ensure equitable access to excellent educators and lead to improved student outcomes.50
If decisions about
teacher performance are delegated to local leaders, will those leaders have the same ability to make the kinds
of human capital decisions that state - based
teacher effectiveness systems have provided?
If we do not fully account for how student are assigned to classes, we distort the picture
of teacher effectiveness.
For a student enrolling in an extracurricular course as defined in s. 1003.01 (15), a parent may choose to have the student taught by a
teacher who received a performance evaluation
of «needs improvement» or «unsatisfactory» in the preceding school year
if the student and the student's parent receive an explanation
of the impact
of teacher effectiveness on student learning and the principal receives written consent from the parent.
If VAM estimates
of teacher effectiveness are valid, there should be research - based evidence (and some commonsense) that proves that all similar indicators collected at or around the same time are together pointing towards the same proverbial truth.
If we think about improvement as measuring the difference between a
teacher's
effectiveness at the beginning
of a period and her
effectiveness at the end, the change over time will be subject to errors in both the starting and the ending value.
That second finding, in particular, will have a positive impact
if it prompts school districts to clearly define what
teacher effectiveness looks like and to measure professional development programs in terms
of how they help
teachers get closer to that goal.
Their findings described VAM as an imprecise and unstable measure
of teacher effectiveness, particularly
if the student assessment data are not
of high quality or do not cover a sufficient number
of years from which to predict student achievement with any degree
of accuracy.
If you said «yes» to Question # 4 above, you must submit documents attached to this application from your last two school years that provide evidence
of your
effectiveness as a
teacher in your current school district (performance evaluations and student academic growth data).
For example, what good is legislation SB - 191, which focused so many efforts on understanding and improving the
effectiveness of teachers,
if teachers don't see excellent teaching rewarded financially?
Even
if the administrator has a good understanding that the evaluation is just a moment in time, and that the whole picture
of teaching and learning is not being seen, a few visits to at
teacher's classroom hardly warrants a comprehensive evaluation
of the
teachers effectiveness.
The 2009 seminal report, «The Widget Effect,» exposed the reigning indifference to instructional
effectiveness in our schools and in our policies — an indifference that ignores variations in the
effectiveness of our
teachers, treating them as
if they were all the same, and that does little to address the problem.
``...
if pay were more aligned with both
effectiveness and experience, it would be quite possible to see overall salaries
of teachers raised significantly from current levels — reflecting their enormous impact on students, on the incomes
of students and on economic growth.»
The settlement implements an intervention program for targeted schools that includes
teacher effectiveness provisions, a collaborative effort to fill
teacher vacancies as quickly as possible (including those that occur mid-year), retention incentives — including financial bonuses — for
teachers who remain at a targeted school beyond a certain number
of years, plus further incentives
if that school experiences growth as measured by the school's value - added score.
If an instrument can be developed which can accurately, with all variables controlled, measure the
effectiveness of teachers, we would support it.
If tenure reform and using student outcomes as one measure
of teacher effectiveness were as rare as bee - gobbling in 2007, they are ideas many
teachers unions are currently engaged in refining.
«We are seeing how recruiting and training outstanding principals can be an essential,
if not sufficient part
of the strategy to drive both
teacher effectiveness and better student achievement.»
In 1992, an economist called Eric Hanushek reached a remarkable conclusion by analysing decades
of data on
teacher effectiveness: a student in the class
of a very ineffective
teacher — one ranked in the bottom 5 % — will learn, on average, half a year's worth
of material in one school year, whereas
if she was in the class
of a very effective
teacher — in the top 5 % — she would learn a year and a half's worth
of material.
If teacher effectiveness depends on context, this is another source
of error that calls for further study.
In addition, and as directly related to VAMs, in this study researchers also found that each rating from each
of the four domains, as well as the average
of all ratings, «correlated positively with student learning [gains, as derived via the Nevada Growth Model, as based on the Student Growth Percentiles (SGP) model; for more information about the SGP model see here and here; see also p. 6
of this report here], in reading and in math, as would be expected
if the ratings measured
teacher effectiveness in promoting student learning» (p. i).
Even
if we conclude that value - added measures are not confounded, we will never know the true
effectiveness of a
teacher working in all different classroom situations.
[11]
If carefully developed and thoroughly evaluated, such long - term measures could help give schools and districts a richer picture
of teacher effectiveness.
On this note, and «[i] n sum, recent research on value added tells us that, by using data from student perceptions, classroom observations, and test score growth, we can obtain credible evidence [albeit weakly related evidence, referring to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's MET studies]
of the relative
effectiveness of a set
of teachers who teach similar kids [emphasis added] under similar conditions [emphasis added]... [Although]
if a district administrator uses data like that collected in MET, we can anticipate that an attempt to classify
teachers for personnel decisions will be characterized by intolerably high error rates [emphasis added].
This approach starts with the idea
of the average learning gain for the classroom, but it compares this average gain to the gain those students would be expected to achieve
if they had been assigned to a
teacher of average
effectiveness.
If value - added scores from different tests lead to different conclusions about a
teacher, then we may worry that value - added from any single test provides an incomplete picture
of a
teacher's
effectiveness, and that using it to make decisions about
teachers may be inefficient or, for some
teachers, unfair.
«
If a school district has a list
of teachers and their
effectiveness ratings, it would be a public record.
More specifically, the district and its
teachers are not coming to an agreement about how they should be evaluated, rightfully because
teachers understand better than most (even some VAM researchers) that these models are grossly imperfect, largely biased by the types
of students non-randomly assigned to their classrooms and schools, highly unstable (i.e., grossly fluctuating from one year to the next when they should remain more or less consistent over time,
if reliable), invalid (i.e., they do not have face validity in that they often contradict other valid measures
of teacher effectiveness), and the like.
Given the almost total absence
of research evidence supporting the
effectiveness of professional development for
teachers as it has been conceptualized in the U.S.A. (in effect, supporting the proposed cut in the proposed federal budget), one is left wondering
if the major purpose
of the US News article was to criticize the current presidential administration for proposing to eliminate it, as suggested by the sub-title.
There is a strong belief that there are basic academic skills that should be demonstrated by all students and that
teacher effectiveness and student achievement can be better assessed
if there is a set
of standards to guide all educators.