Many quantitative experts are independently conducting research on modeling teacher
effectiveness using value - added methodology.
Not exact matches
The words
used in traditional forms have become meaningless and have no performative
value, or, if they have, it is open to question whether the evidence for their
effectiveness can be found in church attendance or some kind of social action.
I've owned and
used my Clearlight Sauna for about three months now and thought I'd let you know my impressions regarding its
effectiveness and
value.
Some of these parameters include ease of
use,
value for money, efficiency of search options in narrowing down results, strength of the membership base,
effectiveness of communication options in helping users interact with others and chances of finding a genuine partner, among others.
Principals have the right and the responsibility to say, as Michael Fullan suggests effective leaders today should, «In this building, we are going to squeeze every bit of
value we can out of our investment in digital technology, so from here on out we are all — including me — going make
use of technology as an accelerator to improve our
effectiveness in supporting kids in their learning.»
On the third point, Hess explains that
value - added measures of teacher
effectiveness are too imprecise and unreliable when just a few years of data are
used to judge individual teachers.
Caution Urged in
Using «
Value Added» Evaluations Education Week, October 25, 2012 Professor Thomas Kane and Assistant Professor Andrew Ho participated in the federal Institute of Education Sciences meeting of a dozen top researchers on the use of value - added methods to measure teacher effective
Value Added» Evaluations Education Week, October 25, 2012 Professor Thomas Kane and Assistant Professor Andrew Ho participated in the federal Institute of Education Sciences meeting of a dozen top researchers on the
use of
value - added methods to measure teacher effective
value - added methods to measure teacher
effectiveness.
The
use of
value - added measures of teacher
effectiveness in policy and practice.
The Times analysis
used a «
value added» statistical analysis of math and English scores from the school district — the nation's second largest — to estimate the
effectiveness of third - through fifth - grade teachers.
These and other findings with respect to the correlates of teacher
effectiveness are obtained from estimations
using value - added models that control for student characteristics as well as school and (where appropriate teacher) fixed effects in order to measure teacher
effectiveness in reading and math for Florida students in fourth through eighth grades for eight school years, 2001 - 2002 through 2008 - 2009.
After analyzing a truly staggering amount of data, the researchers conclude that teacher
effectiveness can be measured by
using «
value - added» analysis of student achievement growth on standardized tests.
In the wake of high - profile evaluations of teachers
using their students» test scores, such as one conducted by the Los Angeles Times, a study released last month suggests some such methods, called «
value added» measures, are too imprecise to rate teachers»
effectiveness.
The paper highlights three specific problems with
using value - added models to evaluate teacher
effectiveness, especially for such important decisions as teacher employment or compensation:
Imagine Andrews is part of the national Imagine Schools network, 70 charter schools serving 38,000 students in 12 states and the District of Columbia, which
use five Measures of Excellence to evaluate the
effectiveness of each school, including academic growth, character development, economic sustainability, parent choice, and shared
values.
Value - added measures are being used to assess teacher effectiveness, but how can we make sense of the inconsistency in value - added measures for the same teacher across time, subject and student popula
Value - added measures are being
used to assess teacher
effectiveness, but how can we make sense of the inconsistency in
value - added measures for the same teacher across time, subject and student popula
value - added measures for the same teacher across time, subject and student population?
Value - added measures have caught the interest of policymakers because, unlike many of the uses of test scores in current accountability systems, it purports to «level the playing field» so that value - added measures of teachers» effectiveness do not depend on characteristics of the stud
Value - added measures have caught the interest of policymakers because, unlike many of the
uses of test scores in current accountability systems, it purports to «level the playing field» so that
value - added measures of teachers» effectiveness do not depend on characteristics of the stud
value - added measures of teachers»
effectiveness do not depend on characteristics of the students.
Rothstein: «[The]
value - added model is a statistical tool that tries to
use student test scores to come up with estimates of teacher
effectiveness.
All this suggests is that before racing ahead to implement
value - added components of teacher evaluation systems, states have an obligation to assure all involved that these psychometric issues have been explicitly addressed and the tests
used are properly validated for
use in
value - added measurements of «teacher
effectiveness.»
The Times began publishing articles in August
using value - added analysis to estimate the
effectiveness of thousands of district teachers in raising test scores.
Accordingly, and also per the research, this is not getting much better in that, as per the authors of this article as well as many other scholars, (1) «the variance in
value - added scores that can be attributed to teacher performance rarely exceeds 10 percent; (2) in many ways «gross» measurement errors that in many ways come, first, from the tests being
used to calculate
value - added; (3) the restricted ranges in teacher
effectiveness scores also given these test scores and their limited stretch, and depth, and instructional insensitivity — this was also at the heart of a recent post whereas in what demonstrated that «the entire range from the 15th percentile of
effectiveness to the 85th percentile of [teacher]
effectiveness [
using the EVAAS] cover [ed] approximately 3.5 raw score points [given the tests
used to measure
value - added];» (4) context or student, family, school, and community background effects that simply can not be controlled for, or factored out; (5) especially at the classroom / teacher level when students are not randomly assigned to classrooms (and teachers assigned to teach those classrooms)... although this will likely never happen for the sake of improving the sophistication and rigor of the
value - added model over students» «best interests.»
The authors» second assumption they imply: that the two most often
used teacher evaluation indicators (i.e., the growth or
value - added and observational measures) should be highly correlated, which many argue they should be IF in fact they are measuring general teacher
effectiveness.
Finally, we consider how the current body of knowledge, and the gaps in that knowledge, can guide decisions about how to
use value - added measures in evaluations of teacher
effectiveness.
Researchers found, not surprisingly given prior research in this area, that neither teacher performance
using value - added nor
effectiveness using observations was highly stable over time.
I believe every vendor of
value - added models should report this information for every achievement test being
used as a measure of «teacher
effectiveness.»
More generally, while research can evaluate the
effectiveness of policies that
use value - added measures, research can never determine the optimal approach for a given district or school.
Like the New York teachers, they had been rated
using a system known as
value - added, which
uses student test scores to estimate the «
value» of a teacher's
effectiveness.
Value - added approaches hold great promise, but there is a need to develop better tests (and other thoughtful measures of student learning) and better measures of teacher practice to
use along with test scores, so they are not the sole factor
used to evaluate teacher
effectiveness.
Teachers objected to having educators» names and ratings published, and researchers raised questions about the validity of the statistical method
used to determine teacher
effectiveness:
value - added analysis.
It's easy to understand why teachers are not always thrilled when they learn their district is considering
using value - added models to help evaluate their
effectiveness.
Value Added Modeling growth scores are not a reliable measure of educator
effectiveness and should not be
used for employment decisions.
Friedman was speaking specifically about
value - added ratings of teachers — which
use student scores on standardized tests to determine a teacher's relative
effectiveness — and whether they are sufficiently accurate and reliable to guide personnel decisions.
Raising Kane: The
Value of Regional Educational Laboratories March 13, 2015 A strong advocate for the
use of evidence to improve education, Education Northwest Chief Executive Officer Steve Fleischman provides several examples of the
effectiveness of the federal Regional Educational Laboratory (REL) program in connecting stakeholders with research - based best practices and promoting the
use of data for decisionmaking.
Using value - added models to calculate teacher
effectiveness wasn't possible on a wide scale until recently.
«Practical considerations for
using value added models for monitoring teacher
effectiveness.»
«On firing the bottom 5 % of teachers... My opinion is that there are at least three reasons why firing the bottom 5 percent of teachers, as defined by the bottom 5 percent on an
effectiveness continuum created by
using the
value - added test scores of their students on state tests, will not improve the overall
effectiveness of teachers... One reason is that...
value - added metrics are inaccurate for many teachers.
The lawsuit centered on the system's
use of
value - added modeling (VAM), a controversial statistical method aimed at isolating a teacher's
effectiveness based on their students» standardized test scores.
In this study, we compare the teacher quality distributions in charter schools and traditional public schools, and examine mechanisms that might explain cross-sector differences in teacher
effectiveness as measured by teacher
value - added scores
using school and teacher level data from Florida.
[4] As the
use of
value - added models now allow for the development of a more meaningful understanding of teacher
effectiveness, districts should ensure that performance pay systems consider both qualitative and quantitative measures in order to fairly assess and compensate teachers for their performance.
The
value - added assessments of teachers — which
use improvements in student test scores to evaluate teacher
effectiveness — has grown in popularity across the country with support from the federal Department of Education, which has tied teacher evaluations to the Race to the Top state - grant program, reports the New York Times.
In this paper, we
use value - added methods to examine the relationship between a school's
effectiveness and the recruitment, assignment, development and retention of its teachers.
It's about
using student - level survey data, or what students themselves have to say about the
effectiveness of their teachers, to supplement (or perhaps trump)
value - added and other test - based data when evaluating teacher
effectiveness.
According to highly regarded testing experts, the evidence supporting the validity and reliability of
value - added modeling results is weak enough that such results should not yet be
used as the major measure of teacher
effectiveness (Baker et al., 2010).
Last month, a Gates Foundation study was released and said to be evidence of the validity of «
value - added» measures to evaluate the
effectiveness of teachers by
using students» standardized test scores.
For example, suppose that a school system
uses both observation and
value - added scores to determine teacher
effectiveness.
Following up «On Rating The
Effectiveness of Colleges of Education
Using VAMs» — which is about how the US Department of Education wants teacher training programs to track how college of educations» teacher graduates» students are performing on standardized tests (i.e., teacher - level
value - added that reflects all the way back to a college of education's purported quality), the proposal for these new sanctions is now open for public comment.
The research presented above raises two concerns for states: 1) Is the
value - added for teachers from one test providing an adequate measure of the teacher's contributions to learning, and how can the data be
used to provide the most accurate measure of teacher
effectiveness?
On this note, and «[i] n sum, recent research on
value added tells us that, by
using data from student perceptions, classroom observations, and test score growth, we can obtain credible evidence [albeit weakly related evidence, referring to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's MET studies] of the relative
effectiveness of a set of teachers who teach similar kids [emphasis added] under similar conditions [emphasis added]... [Although] if a district administrator
uses data like that collected in MET, we can anticipate that an attempt to classify teachers for personnel decisions will be characterized by intolerably high error rates [emphasis added].
If
value - added scores from different tests lead to different conclusions about a teacher, then we may worry that
value - added from any single test provides an incomplete picture of a teacher's
effectiveness, and that
using it to make decisions about teachers may be inefficient or, for some teachers, unfair.
It is contingent on... seeing cultural differences as assets; creating caring learning communities where culturally different individuals and heritages are
valued;
using cultural knowledge of ethnically diverse cultures, families, and communities to guide curriculum development, classroom climates, instructional strategies, and relationships with students; challenging racial and cultural stereotypes, prejudices, racism, and other forms of intolerance, injustice, and oppression; being change agents for social justice and academic equity; mediating power imbalances in classrooms based on race, culture, ethnicity, and class; and accepting cultural responsiveness as endemic to educational
effectiveness in all areas of learning for students from all ethnic groups.»
In a recent post, I wrote that Randi Weingarten, the current president of the American Federation of Teachers (AFT), has (finally) expressed her full opposition against the
use of
value - added models (VAMs) to evaluate and measure teacher
effectiveness.