Sentences with phrase «effects of aerosol particles»

He performed pioneering research on the effects of aerosol particles on climate.

Several symposia have a local focus, including sessions on ecology and education in San Diego's Mission Bay Park and the causes and effects of aerosol particles in San Diego's atmosphere.

Not exact matches

A key giveaway that aerosols were behind the effect was that the lightning was most pronounced at times of the year when powerful atmospheric convection currents form that can carry the aerosol particles high into the sky (Geophysical Research Letters, doi.org/cc7b).

Another source of uncertainty comes from the direct effect of aerosols from human origins: How much do they reflect and absorb sunlight directly as particles?

Aerosol particles have different sizes, as well as chemical and physical properties, all of which determine their climate effects.

«Tiny particles have outsize impact on storm clouds, precipitation: Amazon rainforest provides a unique natural lab to study effects of aerosols.»

Indeed, the reduction in the emission of precursors to polluting particles (sulphur dioxide) would diminish the concealing effects of Chinese aerosols, and would speed up warming, unless this effect were to be compensated elsewhere, for instance by significantly reducing long - life greenhouse gas emissions and «black carbon.»

What's more, according to Tim Bates of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), «there's a very wide range of sizes [for aerosol particles], and the effect that the particle is going to have on climate is going to be very dependent on its size, which makes it trickier.»

«Particles of any kind, even much smaller than the wavelength of visible light, will, as a rule, make the sky brighter but at the expense of its purity of color,» Bohren says, noting that the effect is more pronounced when there is a high concentration of large aerosols.

IPCC scientists have suspected for a decade that aerosols of smoke and other particles from burning rainforest, crop waste and fossil fuels are blocking sunlight and counteracting the warming effect of carbon dioxide emissions.

The potential risks around sulfate aerosol solar geoengineering include alteration of regional precipitation patterns, its effects on human health, and the potential damage to Earth's ozone layer by increased stratospheric sulfate particles.

However, simulations using the relatively straightforward «direct effect» of aerosols (the increase in albedo of the planet due to the particle brightness) do not match the inferred changes.

My question is: does the retroreflectivity of the larger droplets, i.e. back towards the light source, play into the sulfur aerosol issue or is it simply averaged out by the bulk effect of all the aerosol particles present in the apparently white haze?

The spotlight is on the effect of aerosol - particles released by industrial activity - on the Earth's climate.

Michaels arrives at this incorrect result by completely ignoring the cooling effects of sulfate aerosol particles.»

CLOUD is designed to study the effects of cosmic rays on aerosols, cloud droplets and ice particles, under precisely controlled laboratory conditions.

I write it off as a very real effect that is not well characterized by the models, probably because these models don't model with enough accuracy the effect of the additional aerosol particles on cloud production to properly account for it's full effect on temperature.

These were intriguing, as well as highly speculative: first the possibility of deliberately using additional targeted aerosol injection to stimulate coagulation of the particles in the volcanic aerosol; mitigating its effects by causing the particles to drop out of the atmosphere more swiftly.

Associated with human greenhouse gas production is the release of fine particle known as aerosols which have a temporary cooling effect (they last in the atmosphere less than a week).

A few locations over land exhibit weak cooling over this time, perhaps a signature of the effects of increasing aerosol particles due to combustion and biomass burning, or a result of changes in land use.

One positive effect of burning coal is the formation of sulfate aerosol particles which help in reflecting incoming sunlight away from the earth.

An analysis of the very recent studies of stratospheric aerosol changes following a giant solar energetic particles event shows a similar negligible effect.

Over the last century, tiny airborne particles called aerosols, which cool the climate by absorbing and reflecting sunlight, have largely cancelled out the effects of GHG emissions on tropical storm intensity, according to a new scientific review paper published in Science journal.

As we (and a number of other mainstream news outlets) reported, Robert Kaufmann and colleagues analysed the impact of growing coal use, particularly in China, and the cooling effect of the sulphate aerosol particles emitted into the atmosphere.

In particular, increases in the number of small particles (called aerosols) in the atmosphere regionally offset and mask the greenhouse effect, and stratospheric ozone depletion contributes to cooling of the upper troposphere and stratosphere.fr2], fr3]

Dlugach, Z.M., M.I. Mishchenko, and A.V. Morozhenko, 2002: The effect of the shape of dust aerosol particles in the Martian atmosphere on the particle parameters.

Unger's analysis is one of the first of its kind to incorporate the multiple effects that aerosol particles can have on clouds, which affect the climate indirectly.

The indirect effect is when aerosol particles act as a cloud condensation nucleus, affecting the formation and lifetime of clouds.

In addition to the complex physics of fog formation and transport, recent research suggests that microscopic aerosol particles may be critical players in fog dynamics and its effect on coastal human and ecological systems.

In the United States, new research from the City College of New York on the effects of particle pollution on weather patterns around Manhattan has shown that aerosols can either increase or decrease local rainfall, sometimes creating situations where one area will be deluged while a neighboring town will remain dry.

Dlugach, Z.M., and M.I. Mishchenko, 2005: The effect of aerosol shape in retrieving optical properties of cloud particles in the planetary atmospheres from the photopolarimetric data Jupiter.

Warming from decade to decade can also be affected by human factors such as variations in the emissions, from coal - fired power plants and other pollution sources, of greenhouse gases and of aerosols (airborne particles that can have both warming and cooling effects).

For atmospheric aerosol, this shape factor is usually not strongly different from one; its effect is usually assumed negligible compared to the effect of particle size, which covers several orders of magnitude.

Proposals for addressing global warming now include geo - engineering whereby tiny particles are injected into the stratosphere to emulate the cooling effects of stratospheric aerosol of a volcanic eruption (Levitt and Dubner 2009).

My research is focused on the climate effects of atmospheric aerosol particles and on broader interconnections within the climate system.

Topics that I work on or plan to work in the future include studies of: + missing aerosol species and sources, such as the primary oceanic aerosols and their importance on the remote marine atmosphere, the in - cloud and aerosol water aqueous formation of organic aerosols that can lead to brown carbon formation, the primary terrestrial biological particles, and the organic nitrogen + missing aerosol parameterizations, such as the effect of aerosol mixing on cloud condensation nuclei and aerosol absorption, the semi-volatility of primary organic aerosols, the importance of in - canopy processes on natural terrestrial aerosol and aerosol precursor sources, and the mineral dust iron solubility and bioavailability + the change of aerosol burden and its spatiotemporal distribution, especially with regard to its role and importance on gas - phase chemistry via photolysis rates changes and heterogeneous reactions in the atmosphere, as well as their effect on key gas - phase species like ozone + the physical and optical properties of aerosols, which affect aerosol transport, lifetime, and light scattering and absorption, with the latter being very sensitive to the vertical distribution of absorbing aerosols + aerosol - cloud interactions, which include cloud activation, the aerosol indirect effect and the impact of clouds on aerosol removal + changes on climate and feedbacks related with all these topics In order to understand the climate system as a whole, improve the aerosol representation in the GISS ModelE2 and contribute to future IPCC climate change assessments and CMIP activities, I am also interested in understanding the importance of natural and anthropogenic aerosol changes in the atmosphere on the terrestrial biosphere, the ocean and climate.