Sentences with phrase «effects of interventions during»

Given Nightingale's robust and repeatable biomarker quantification, our platform is ideal for examining metabolic effects of interventions during clinical trials.

Nightingale's metabolomics technology is ideal for tracking molecular changes and examining the metabolic effects of interventions during clinical trials.

Not exact matches

Effect of Exercise on Maternal Health • Reduced fat deposition • Less weight retention in the postpartum period • Higher energy levels during and after pregnancy • Greater tolerance to the physiological and psychological demands of pregnancy • Fewer physical complaints • Shorter and less complicated labors • Less incidence of surgical intervention in labor • Quicker postpartum recovery

This study was designed to examine the effect of an educational intervention on pediatric residents» knowledge about breastfeeding, their confidence in addressing lactation issues, and their management skills during clinical encounters with breastfeeding mothers.

His current research is related to pre-slaughter physical conditions, value - added products, pre - and post-harvest food safety interventions, effects of physiologic parameters on muscle - to - meat transformation, beef nutritional values and control of salmonella and E. coli during processing.

«This study provides a foundation for future studies to evaluate the value of psycho - social interventions, such as cognitive therapies, to lessen the effect of major life events, as well as the use of estrogen therapy during perimenopausal and menopausal stressful times.»

Group values for reported energy intake or diet composition during the intervention were not reported; therefore, it is uncertain whether the differences in weight loss between groups could be ascribed to differences in energy intake or other metabolic effects of pulses on energy expenditure.

Early literacy for inner - city children: The effects of reading and writing interventions in English and Spanish during the preschool years.

With good planning and early intervention, critically ill dogs can be spared the detrimental effects of malnutrition during hospitalization and healing.

Effective intervention, such as home based and early education programmes, during the child's first three years can buffer them from the effects of preterm and low birth weight (Msall and Parts, 2008, The Spectrum of Behavioural Outcomes After Prematurity).

Objective To examine the long - term effects of an intervention combining teacher training, parent education, and social competence training for children during the elementary grades on adolescent health - risk behaviors at age 18 years.

Online interventions offer many advantages; they can provide access to evidence - based treatments and patients can work through the intervention whenever they want.6 Usually, anonymity is preserved as patients participate at distance, resulting in low - social barriers and low risk of stigmatisation.7 From a health suppliers perspective, online interventions guarantee standardised treatments and show good scalability, which has led to the launch of the first online clinics.8 9 Internet - based interventions can also help with bridging waiting times10 or enhance treatment effects during aftercare.11 At the same time, online interventions do not fit all patients» needs (eg, need for more personal contact or diverging preferences).

The phenomena of the initial sessions: The patient's experience of the relationship and the effects of therapist interventions on the therapeutic alliance during the opening phase of treatment.

We hypothesized that organizational bonding might explain these positive effects of the prenatal intervention and theorized, in turn, that benefits for children and parents would become apparent during infancy and toddlerhood.

In sum, participation in the full intervention during the elementary grades was predictive of enduring significant positive effects through age 18 years on students» bonds to school, achievement, and school behavior.

Intervention effects were evident for cortisol and parasympathetic nervous system reactivity only among children placed in foster care before age 24 and 18 months, respectively, providing experimental evidence of a sensitive period in humans during which the environment is particularly likely to alter stress response system development.

We have found and reported short - term positive effects of this intervention package on behavior, school bonding, and achievement of children receiving the intervention during grades 1 through 4.28,29 We have also found positive effects on children from low - income families at the end of grade 6.30

Several chart reviews and other retrospective analyses have been used to understand treatment patterns and effects.5, 20,21,28, — , 30 Interpretation of findings is most appropriately confined to noting that some children who receive intervention have displayed improvements during intervention in cognitive, adaptive, and autism - specific impairments, that characteristics of starting treatment and baseline abilities are correlated with improvement in some instances, and heterogeneity in terms of improvement is quite common.

Intervention effects on both the PNS and HPA axis were evident for children placed before 24 months of age, suggesting the possible presence of a sensitive period during which stress response systems are most strongly influenced by environmental inputs.

One evaluation conducted in Queensland, Australia, reported moderate reductions in depressive symptoms for mothers in the intervention group at the six - week follow - up.89 A subsequent follow - up, however, suggested that these benefits were not long lasting, as the depression effects had diminished by one year.90 Similarly, Healthy Families San Diego identified reductions in depression symptoms among program mothers during the first two years, but these effects, too, had diminished by year three.91 In Healthy Families New York, mothers at one site (that was supervised by a clinical psychologist) had lower rates of depression at one year (23 percent treatment vs. 38 percent controls).92 The Infant Health and Development program also demonstrated decreases in depressive symptoms after one year of home visiting, as well as at the conclusion of the program at three years.93 Among Early Head Start families, maternal depressive symptoms remained stable for the program group during the study and immediately after it ended, but decreased just before their children entered kindergarten.94 No program effects were found for maternal depression in the Nurse - Family Partnership, Hawaii Healthy Start, Healthy Families Alaska, or Early Start programs.

Only a small number of studies have found favourable intervention effects during the early years..

The lack of association between intervention - induced changes in behavior during the challenge and anticipatory responses suggests that these 2 intervention effects are independent and may reflect change in 2 distinct areas of functioning.

Further details of the procedure and intervention effects on behavior observed during this procedure are presented elsewhere.30, 40 Of note, others have shown that similar peer entry paradigms are stressful for preschoolers.7, 13 Consistent with previous reports, observations of child peer entry and play behavior40 in the current study sample confirmed the stressful nature of the tasof the procedure and intervention effects on behavior observed during this procedure are presented elsewhere.30, 40 Of note, others have shown that similar peer entry paradigms are stressful for preschoolers.7, 13 Consistent with previous reports, observations of child peer entry and play behavior40 in the current study sample confirmed the stressful nature of the tasOf note, others have shown that similar peer entry paradigms are stressful for preschoolers.7, 13 Consistent with previous reports, observations of child peer entry and play behavior40 in the current study sample confirmed the stressful nature of the tasof child peer entry and play behavior40 in the current study sample confirmed the stressful nature of the tasof the task.

We have previously reported the immediate effects of this psychosocial family - based intervention on independently observed aspects of the caregiving environment and child social competence during unfamiliar peer entry, including approach and regulatory behaviors.30 Thus, we have demonstrated the efficacy of the intervention in altering the targeted risk factors.

First, the few studies that have followed participants beyond the immediate intervention period (6 months or less) have noted a decay of intervention effect on behavior over time, 5,6 prompting members of the National Institutes of Health Consensus Panel: Intervention to Prevent HIV Risk Behavior to identify sustainability of program effectiveness as 1 of the most important questions that professionals who are concerned with risk prevention face.7 A challenge for behavioral change interventions in general, this issue is particularly vexing for interventions that target decreased involvement in sex and substance use with advancing age during adolescence.8, 9 Second, multiple behaviors (sex without a condom, sex with multiple partners, substance use before sex, etc) directly and indirectly place individuals at risk for acquisiintervention period (6 months or less) have noted a decay of intervention effect on behavior over time, 5,6 prompting members of the National Institutes of Health Consensus Panel: Intervention to Prevent HIV Risk Behavior to identify sustainability of program effectiveness as 1 of the most important questions that professionals who are concerned with risk prevention face.7 A challenge for behavioral change interventions in general, this issue is particularly vexing for interventions that target decreased involvement in sex and substance use with advancing age during adolescence.8, 9 Second, multiple behaviors (sex without a condom, sex with multiple partners, substance use before sex, etc) directly and indirectly place individuals at risk for acquisiintervention effect on behavior over time, 5,6 prompting members of the National Institutes of Health Consensus Panel: Intervention to Prevent HIV Risk Behavior to identify sustainability of program effectiveness as 1 of the most important questions that professionals who are concerned with risk prevention face.7 A challenge for behavioral change interventions in general, this issue is particularly vexing for interventions that target decreased involvement in sex and substance use with advancing age during adolescence.8, 9 Second, multiple behaviors (sex without a condom, sex with multiple partners, substance use before sex, etc) directly and indirectly place individuals at risk for acquisiIntervention to Prevent HIV Risk Behavior to identify sustainability of program effectiveness as 1 of the most important questions that professionals who are concerned with risk prevention face.7 A challenge for behavioral change interventions in general, this issue is particularly vexing for interventions that target decreased involvement in sex and substance use with advancing age during adolescence.8, 9 Second, multiple behaviors (sex without a condom, sex with multiple partners, substance use before sex, etc) directly and indirectly place individuals at risk for acquisition of HIV.

Evaluations of sustained treatment effects for other, more - intensive, early childhood interventions have yielded mixed results, with variation being attributed to unevenness in both program quality and evaluation rigor.10, 11 Less - intensive interventions, such as the Comprehensive Child Development Program, have reported no effect during or after the intervention.12 Intensive interventions with short - term effects seem to be more likely to demonstrate sustained benefits for children's cognitive and social development and parenting behaviors.11

Early development consists of critical periods during which children are vulnerable to exposures.34 Delays in children's development occur cumulatively and start as early as conception, which supports arguments for early investments.35 The impact of different nutrients on children's development depends on timing, dose and duration of deficiencies.8, 36 Parenting practices and home environments also influence child development and may either accentuate or attenuate the effects of poverty, which directly affects child outcomes.37 Thus, potential intervention effects can vary according to timing, exposures and environmental conditions.38 For these reasons, it is important to consider trajectories of child development across a spectrum of ages, not just any one age.39

She is also serving as co-investigator on a preventive intervention research to examine the effects of the Treatment Foster Care Oregon (TFCO) intervention on developmental trajectories of problem behaviors in delinquent females during adolescence on young adult outcomes.

This study presents the immediate effects on school readiness of a targeted, short - term intervention designed to improve children's early literacy, prosocial, and self - regulatory skills during the summer before kindergarten entry: Kids in Transition to School (KITS).

The research teamwill examine the long - term effects of an earlier intervention on preventing depression during the critical developmental transition to young adulthood.

The effects of a responsive parenting intervention on parent — child interactions during shared book reading.

The objectives of this mental health outreach service were to provide assessment and treatment to a vulnerable group of families who could not access mental health services, 10 to liaise with appropriate agencies, and to train hostel staff.24 The evaluation of this service was faced with constraints and limitations, particularly the mobility and engagement of the population and the resulting sample size, 11 the major environmental changes in the lives of these families during their contact with the service, hence their potentially confounding effect, and the need for an eclectic mental health intervention to meet the needs of children and their parents.

PMT may have significant preventive effects, especially if it is applied during the preschool period, 42 or is a component of broader preventive interventions for school - age children at risk for conduct problems.43, 44 An integrative review of 26 reviews and meta - analyses (1,075 studies) published between 1990 and 2008 found that PMT interventions had a larger effect size than either child focused or school / community based interventions (ds =.56,.41, and.28, respectively).45 If PMT can play a role in the prevention of conduct problems, that will have important implications for reducing the need for ongoing interventions throughout the developmental period and adulthood.

The effects of the intervention also generalized to positively influence parent and child behaviours during a shared book reading activity, even though this activity was not a specific focus of the intervention.23 The intervention worked equally well with children who were or were not at high biological risk.13, 22 This supports the notion that responsiveness facilitates learning through parental sensitivity and willingness to meet young children's individual needs.

The KITS Follow - Up study was a longitudinal study of the effects of an intervention that targeted specific school - related skills during the summer and early fall preceding school entry via three mechanisms: (1) a therapeutic playgroup; (2) caregiver psychoeducational support groups; and (3) behavioral consultation in the home, school, and community settings.

PCIT was chosen as the PT program because PCIT: a) has well established efficacy in reducing young children's EBP (Eisenstadt et al. 1993; Eyberg et al. 2001; Hood and Eyberg 2003; Schuhmann et al. 1998); b) contains all of the treatment components recognized by Kaminski and colleagues» meta - analysis (Kaminski et al. 2008) as yielding the largest effect sizes (i.e., increasing positive parent — child interactions, promoting consistency and use of time out, and requiring parents to practice new skills with their child during PT sessions); c) aims to strengthen the parent — child relationship, which can be accomplished in a brief intervention (Bakermans - Kranenburg et al. 2003); d) is a competency - based model that emphasizes skill acquisition rather than a fixed set of sessions; and e) includes a unique delivery technique (i.e., wireless headset for the therapist to coach the parent in vivo during interactions with the child) similar to an exposure - based approach in which parents observe «in vivo» changes in their child behavior during sessions.

The present study provides a multilevel, multimethod assessment of the effects of early intervention, observed attachment security, and brain activity on institutionalized children's social skills, as rated by teachers during middle childhood.

The reported study can make an important contribution to the knowledge of the effects of interventions to promote children's wellbeing in home - based childcare, using data from the previously reported study, which is a randomized controlled trial including observations of caregiver behavior as well as children's behavior during childcare.