Sentences with phrase «effects of the intervention on»

There is no medical reason for such high levels of intervention and the effects of these interventions on first time mothers will influence the outcome of any future pregnancies they may have.

However, we found no evidence of widening inequalities in child verbal IQ scores owing to the intervention, despite the beneficial effect of the intervention on cognition.

However, inequalities were not widened in cognitive functioning at early school age, despite the beneficial effect of the intervention on cognition.

This study provided comprehensive evidence of the effect of interventions on early initiation, exclusive, continued and any breastfeeding rates when delivered in five settings: (i) Health systems and services (ii) Home and family environment (iii) Community environment (iv) Work environment (v) Policy environment or a combination of any of above.

Where indirect links have been noted, systematic reviews linking the intervention directly to one or more targets are not currently available; i.e. the studies included in the review (s) do not assess the effect of the intervention on the outcomes that are directly relevant to the targets.

Coloured icons indicate that there is evidence of a direct link between the intervention of interest and target (s); i.e. systematic reviews are available assessing the effect of the intervention on an outcome directly relevant to the targets (e.g. prevalence of stunting, rate of breastfeeding, etc.).

The main outcome measure was the effect of the interventions on stopping breastfeeding or breast milk feeding by specified points in time.

Most studies (29/52) reported the effect of the intervention on rates of both any and exclusive breastfeeding.

Further data may clarify the effects of the intervention on these outcomes.

However, there was a significant beneficial effect of the intervention on rates of natural conception in most subgroups of women, particularly those who were anovulatory.

The current study is analyzing the results of a Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Innovation Challenge grant to determine the effects of the intervention on nearly 1,000 early, moderate and late preterm infants, with a goal of improving care, improving outcomes, and decreasing costs.

The investigators were unable to detect a statistically significant effect of the intervention on prescribing practices.

However, the effects of these interventions on cognition and the brain are not clear.

Most randomized field trials involve measuring the effects of an intervention on individual research participants.

We focused on similarities and differences in enacted example spaces in order to explore, on a micro-level, effects of the intervention on teaching practice.

All call attention not to the removable, saleable, work of art but to the effect of the intervention on its context, and how visitors» interactions with the space are affected.

Heckman et al31 show that the effects of the intervention on life outcomes operate primarily through the program's reduction in children's externalizing behaviors.

The mediating effect of the intervention on three relevant motor skills was assessed, namely on coordination, conditional and flexibility.

Direct effect = direct effect of the intervention on change in parental mental health.

A strength of the present study is that the effects of the intervention on alcohol use (disorders), depression, mental health symptoms and intervention satisfaction are assessed in comparison to a waiting list control group, as well as explored relative to a comparable «alcohol - only» intervention regarding its differential effects.

In the fourth step, we assessed the indirect effect of the intervention on outcome (ie, change in mental health).

Nine of the studies measured effects of their intervention on self - esteem, self - efficacy or social competence, using 12 measures to assess this.

Effect of intervention on mother — child interaction (CARE Index): mean (SD) scores at 12 months and results of univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance adjusting for total number of risk factors

Studies currently under way are assessing the effects of the intervention on the growth in school bonding over time to more directly test this hypothesis.

To explore effects of the intervention on depressive symptoms, social functioning, quality of life, satisfaction and costs

Others view this issue more broadly: costs must be covered and savings are savings no matter where in government they arise.20 This broader approach requires collecting data reflecting the effect of an intervention on all government spending.

Effect of intervention on maternal functioning: mean scores at baseline, 6 months and 12 months and results of analysis of covariance adjusting for baseline scores and total number of risk factors

Therefore, it seems reasonable that the parent — child relationship and maternal sensitivity can be improved within a relatively short time period, whereas the effects of the interventions on child development may take longer to emerge.63

Five self - report questionnaires will be used at baseline and, except for the sociodemographic variables, after the intervention is completed (12, 18 and 24 months later) to evaluate the short - term and long - term effects of the intervention on primary (health) and secondary (social participation, life satisfaction and healthcare services utilisation) outcomes and to describe the participants (table 1).

The intervention sought to reduce specific empirically identified risk factors for adolescent health and behavior problems: persistent physically aggressive behavior in the early elementary school grades,9 - 11 academic failure, 12 and poor family management practices including unclear rules, poor monitoring of behavior, and inconsistent or harsh discipline.13, 14 Because being raised in poverty increases risk for crime, school failure, and school dropout,15 - 17 effects of the intervention on children from low - income families were of particular interest.

«Whilst the noted effects of the intervention on reading and numeracy achievement were small (between 2.0 % and 5.5 %), it is remarkable (though not unexpected) to find lasting academic effect of an eight session parenting intervention carried out when the child was between three and five years of age,» the report states.

The effect of intervention on anticipatory cortisol levels can be considered a medium effect.

Our present study, like our previous one, shows little effect of the intervention on anxiety and depression.

For psychological distress as measured by the Brief Symptom Index - 1S, the effect of the Intervention on the trajectory of distress for patients was associated with participant educational attainment.

A mediational model9 requires that the significant effect of the intervention on later psychopathology should become nonsignificant once the putative mediator is entered into the model.

Multilevel modeling was used to test for the effects of the intervention on grades.

Linear mixed - methods models were used to examine the effect of the intervention on each outcome and accounted for nesting of the intervention effects within the four follow - up time periods (6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months).

Data was examined using growth curve analyses, which estimate the effects of the intervention on the increase of substance use initiation, the decrease of substance refusal intentions, and the decrease of negative expectancies related to substance use.

Doherty et al43 found significant positive effects of the intervention on intrusiveness [0.37 (0.03 to 0.71)-RSB- and dyadic synchrony [0.46 (0.12 to 0.81)-RSB-, but no significant effects on total score, warmth and emotional support, engagement with child and positive affect.

At the 10 - year follow - up, Aronen and Kurkela found significant and positive effects of the intervention on CBCL total and broadband scales: Total [0.42 (0.08 to 0.76)-RSB-, Internalising [0.39 (0.05 to 0.73)-RSB- and Externalising [0.36 (0.02 to 0.70)-RSB-.

Two posthoc tests of interaction provided no evidence of differential effects of intervention on externalising or internalising behaviour problems by preintervention risk based on (1) a maternal mental health problem (clinical - level depression, anxiety or stress) or (2) infant difficult temperament.

The effects of the intervention on parental reports of behavioral difficulties were moderate at post-intervention and 3 - month follow - up, and large at 6 - month follow - up.

The effects of the intervention on parental reports of behavioral difficulties were moderate at postintervention and 3 - month follow - up, and large at 6 - month follow - up when compared to the control group.

At the end of grade 3, there were no significant effects of intervention on the sociometric measures of peer social preference and prosocial behavior.

It is intended for use by clinicians to identify areas where parents need support with parenting skills, and to assess the effect of intervention on parenting stress.

Path modelling analyses showed no direct effects of the intervention on legal system involvement.

There were two important direct effects of the intervention on improved adolescent outcomes at 18 months.

Mother - adolescent conflict was found to mediate the effect of the intervention on reductions in later adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems (Jensen et al., 2014).

The overall effect of the intervention on children's conduct problems was d = − 0.34 (95 % CI − 0.49 to − 0.19), indicating lower levels of conduct problems in children of families in the intervention condition relative to the control condition.

Changes in youth - reported parenting behavior partially mediated the effect of the intervention on conduct problems and fully mediated its impact on positive self - concept, but did not mediate effects on lifetime substance use initiation.