Sentences with phrase «effects on the ozone»

That's because nitrogen and chlorine compounds counteract each other's effects on ozone: the more chlorine there is, the less destructive nitrogen is, and vice versa.

Since the early 1970s atmospheric scientists have known that CFCs could have destructive effects on ozone.

In Copenhagen, scientists advised the ministers that banning methyl bromide as a fumigant could have as much effect on the ozone layer as banning CFCs and carbon tetrachloride 3 years earlier than scheduled.

Certain particles may have a damaging effect on the ozone layer, vital for keeping harmful UV rays away from the surface of the Earth.

These can have a limited effect on ozone levels (by serving as hetrogeneous reaction sites) and can reflect enough of the sun's light back into space to cause a notable global cooling.

The halogens that are released generally end up in fairly unreactive forms where they have only a small effect on ozone.

But the warming does not have an immediate effect on ozone loss and our observations show that ozone loss still continues these days.

Carbon dioxide has no direct effect on ozone, unlike CFCs and HFCs.

Higher levels of carbon dioxide, however, do have an indirect effect on the ozone layer in the stratosphere.

Amplification of the direct solar forcing is conceivable, e.g., through effects on ozone or atmospheric condensation nuclei, but empirical data place a factor of two upper limit on the amplification, with the most likely forcing in the range 100 — 120 % of the directly measured solar irradiance change [64].

But the warming does not have an immediate effect on ozone loss and our observations show that ozone loss still continues these days.

With such facts, it's worth to note that the proclaimed impending Maunder Minimum, although having little effect on AGW, will have a positive effect on the ozone hole: if the lower level sun activity is confined to essencialy UV spectrum, then ozone will be depleting at lower rate, giving it a chance to recover quicker.

«They can throw out water vapor and ice, which sets the humidity of the stratosphere, and that has an impact both because water vapor is greenhouse gas and also because water vapor, through a sequence of events, has an effect on the ozone hole,» Romps said.

the successful effort to add carbon tetrachloride to the list of chemicals banned due to their effect on ozone depletion;

An ocean of pure chlorine at sea level would have zero effect on the ozone layer, because it can't get up there.

Although I claim to have narrowed the primary driver to solar effects on ozone quantities and cloudiness you are free to ascertain whatever it is that causes those solar variations in the first place which is where some of your ideas can be slotted in.

Right now I am curious about stratospheric cooling from CO2 and the effect on ozone as well as high altitude water vapor.

What studies have been done in the paleo record regarding CO2 effects on ozone in the stratosphere and how it affected life?

My understanding was that CFC's were banned primarily due to their effect on the ozone hole, while the coming ban on HCFC's is predicated mostly upon their global warming potential.

Perturbations to lightning could have a large effect on ozone in the upper troposphere (Toumi et al., 1996; Thompson et al., 2000; Martin et al., 2002; Wong et al., 2004).

The science on «particulate clouds and their effect on the ozone layer» is very clear.

The 2nd biggest lie was about man's effect on the ozone layer.

1) If one ignores anthropogenic CFCs (I am considering natural processes here) the main effect on ozone is solar.

Coupling of atmospheric regions: To study some of the mechanisms that provide coupling between the upper and lower atmosphere, e.g., downward transport of NO with its effects on ozone photochemistry and the vertical exchange of minor species such as odd oxygen, CO, and H2O.

The effect on ozone (driven by the effects on OH) is smaller but detectable (reductions of 0 - 5 %).

Not exact matches

Throughout the essays are scattered references to everything from ozone depletion to recycling strategies to the effects of American pet shops on the population of parrots in New Guinea — and recommendations of particular courses of action: Aeschliman's commendation of conservancy strategies, for instance, through which churches purchase endangered land to ensure preservation.

By the late 1980s it became clear that global atmospheric pollution causing both the greenhouse effect and the hole in the ozone layer had become critical threats to life on earth (Henderson - Sellers & Blong 1989).

The LCA examined the effects of a 1 kilogram industry - average corrugated product manufactured in 2014 on seven environmental impact indicators: global warming potential (greenhouse gas emissions), eutrophication, acidification, smog, ozone depletion, respiratory effects, fossil fuel depletion; and four inventory indicators: water use, water consumption, renewable energy demand, and non-renewable energy demand.

At present, the long - term recovery of the Ozone Layer from the effects of CFCs is still on track, but the presence of increasing dichloromethane will add some uncertainty to our future predictions of ozone and climate.&rOzone Layer from the effects of CFCs is still on track, but the presence of increasing dichloromethane will add some uncertainty to our future predictions of ozone and climate.&rozone and climate.»

Benca irradiated 18 - inch - tall, bonsai - like pines with UV - B dosages up to 13 times stronger than on Earth today, simulating the effects of ozone depletion caused by immense volcanic eruptions that occurred at the end of the Permian Period.

But the reactive gases emitted by trees can also increase the amounts of ozone and methane, both greenhouse gases which have warming effects on the climate.

«Despite some reductions in air pollutant emissions in Europe and North America, human health impacts from ozone are still a cause for concern across the world and are rising in parts of East Asia, with the potential for serious health effects on their populations,» said Zo?

At present, the long - term recovery of the Ozone Layer from the effects of CFCs is still on track, but the presence of increasing dichloromethane will lead to uncertainty in our future predictions of ozone and climate.&rOzone Layer from the effects of CFCs is still on track, but the presence of increasing dichloromethane will lead to uncertainty in our future predictions of ozone and climate.&rozone and climate.»

These are less reactive, which can have a positive effect on the formation of ground - level ozone.»

In this study in Timothy grass, researchers led by environmental health scientist Christine Rogers of the UMass Amherst School of Public Health and Health Sciences (SPHHS) determined the interactive effects of CO2 and ozone at projected higher levels on pollen production and concentrations of a Timothy grass pollen protein that is a major human allergen.

It is therefore very important to consider the effect of solar proton events on the temporal and spatial distribution of ozone in the stratosphere.

They found that elevated CO2 of 800 ppm, increased pollen production per flower by 53 percent while the different ozone levels had no effect on the amount of pollen produced.

The meeting was the first large - scale attempt to bridge the gap between scientists and policymakers on a wide range of atmospheric problems, including not just the greenhouse effect but also acid rain and the depletion of the protective layer of ozone in the stratosphere.

Modelling the flow of air within the atmospheres of these planets, Carone and her colleagues found that this unusual day - night divide can have a marked effect on the distribution of ozone across the atmosphere: at least for these planets, the major air flow may lead from the poles to the equator, systematically trapping the ozone in the equatorial region.

The committee's list of suggested projects includes studies of the effects on plankton and krill of the ultraviolet radiation that is streaming through the Antarctic ozone hole.

Once miraculous, chlorofluorocarbons that caused ozone damage are now helping scientists track its effects on the Southern Ocean.

The result is that Canadians — and the rest of the world — have been denied the chance to hear from some of the most authoritative scientific voices on important issues ranging from the Arctic ozone hole to radiation after the Fukushima Daiichi reactor accident in Japan, and even the effect of aquaculture on wild salmon.

In an ironic twist, they have used the same CFCs that created the ozone hole to track its effects on the Southern Ocean.

He adds: «Scientists have been so concerned about ozone depletion that they haven't really thought about what effect such a high ozone level could have — life on Earth needs a certain amount of UV.»

«Our work confirms that reducing emissions of ozone precursors would have an enormous effect on the air we all breathe,» Pfister said.

Temperature observations are sparse around the hostile continent, but scientists recently modeled the ocean current knock - on effects of these wind changes, which have been caused by ozone thinning and by the buildup of greenhouse gases.

«EPA acknowledges the newer studies on ozone «do not materially change any of the broad scientific conclusions regarding the health effects of exposure,»» the group said in a statement.

For example, Chemistry - Climate models allow the possible effects of climate change on the recovery of the ozone hole to be studied.

The ozone layer acts as Earth's sunscreen by absorbing harmful ultraviolet radiation from incoming sunlight that can cause skin cancer and damage plants, among other harmful effects to life on Earth.

The fine particles and harmful ozone contained in these plumes often have devastating effects on the air quality of US cities and consequently the health of their inhabitants.